1460C Medications - Module 2 (2025) PDF

**1460C MEDICATIONS -- MODULE 2** +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **MEDICATION | **CLASSIFICATIO | **ADVERSE/SIDE | **NRSG. | | NAME** | N** | EFFECTS** | IMPLICATIONS** | | | |...

**1460C MEDICATIONS -- MODULE 2** +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **MEDICATION | **CLASSIFICATIO | **ADVERSE/SIDE | **NRSG. | | NAME** | N** | EFFECTS** | IMPLICATIONS** | | | | | | | | **INDICATIONS | | **PATIENT | | | for USE** | | TEACHING** | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | **Furosemide | *Loop Diuretic* | Electrolyte | ***Do not give | | (Lasix)** | | depletion | in patients | | | *Potassium | decreases K+ | with Sulfa | | | wasting | and Na+. | Allergies.*** | | | Diuretic* | | | | | | GI symptoms | ***Careful | | | *Produces | | dosing w/ given | | | diuresis and | Dizziness, | with Lithium | | | low BP* | headaches, | (induces | | | | blurred vision | Lithium | | | *Tx- **severe | | Toxicity)*** | | | edema*** | Ototoxicity-tem | | | | | porary | Expected | | | ***Left-sided | hearing loss | effects: | | | heart | | vigorous | | | failure*** | Cold, clammy | diuresis | | | | skin, | | | | | confusion, | Acute | | | | thirst d/t low | hypotension | | | | serum Na+ | with volume | | | | | depletion | | | | | | | | | | Increase food | | | | | rich in K+ | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Hydrochloroth | *Thiazide | Electrolyte | ***Do not give | | iazide | Diuretic* | depletion | Sulfa thiazide | | (HCTZ) | | decreases K+ | to patients | | (Apo-Hydro)** | *K+ and Na+ | and Na+ | with allergies. | | | sodium wasting* | | Careful dosing | | | | Dizziness, | w/ given with | | | *Produces | headaches, | Lithium | | | diuresis and | blurred vision | (induces | | | lowers BP* | | Lithium | | | | Cold, clammy | Toxicity)*** | | | *Tx- | skin, | | | | **Hypertension | confusion, | Expected | | | and Edema*** | thirst d/t low | effects: | | | | serum Na+ | vigorous | | | ***Off-label | | diuresis | | | use: Diabetes | | | | | Insipidus and | | Acute | | | Calcium | | hypotension | | | containing | | with volume | | | Calculi*** | | depletion | | | | | | | | | | Increase food | | | | | rich in K+ | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Spironolacton | *Potassium | Don does not | Cold, clammy | | e | Diuretic* | give w/ | skin, | | (Aldactone)** | | Heparin, Ace | confusion, | | | *Block | inhibitors, | thirst d/t low | | | aldosterone, | Lithium, | serum Na+ | | | promotes Na+ | NSAIDs, or salt | | | | and H2o | substitutes. | Take with food | | | excretion and | | to avoid GI | | | spares K+* | Weight Loss | upset | | | | | | | | *Tx**-Hypertens | Hyperkalemia | Low K+ diet | | | ion*** | | | | | | GI symptoms | | | | ***Diagnostic | | | | | aid for | Severe: | | | | Aldosteronism** | hyperkalemia- | | | | * | arrhythmias, | | | | | | | | | ***Hypokalemia* | | | | | ** | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Potassium | *Tx: | Do not use with | F/U with for | | (KCL) PO** | **Electrolyte | K+ sparing | serum K+ | | | replacement for | diuretics | | | | multiple | | Give with meals | | | metabolic | Hyperkalemia | | | | processes*** | | Monitor bowel | | | | Presence of | for | | | | renal failure | constipation | | | | | | | | | Interacts w/ | Do not take | | | | Ace inhibitors, | foods high | | | | NSAIDs, K+ | | | | | containing | | | | | medications | | | | | | | | | | May cause skin | | | | | rash | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Potassium | *Tx**: | Do not use with | Serum K+ | | IV** | Electrolyte | K+ sparing | monitoring- BMP | | | replacement for | diuretics | | | | multiple | | Serotonin | | | metabolic | Hyperkalemia | syndrome | | | processes*** | | | | | | Presence of | Monitor bowel | | | | renal failure | for | | | | | constipation | | | | Interacts w/ | | | | | Ace inhibitors, | Do not take | | | | NSAIDs, K+ | foods high | | | | containing | | | | | medications | | | | | | | | | | May cause skin | | | | | rash | | | | | | | | | | **NEVER GIVE IV | | | | | PUSH** | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Sodium | *Tx- | **Can cause | The patient | | polystyrene | **Hyperkalemia* | intestinal | must be able to | | sulfonate) | ** | Necrosis** | swallow | | Powder for | | | | | Suspension** | ***Potassium | Hypokalemia | Give 3 hours | | | binder*** | | before meals | | **(KAYEXALATE)* | | Aspiration | and 3 hours | | * | ***Give PO or | | after | | | PR*** | Low blood | | | **Do not use | | magnesium | Monitor for | | for severe | ***Binds to K+ | | constipation | | Hyperkalemia** | to be excreted | GI distress | | | | through | | Auscultate | | ***\*\*Not used | feces*** | | bowel sound | | frequently\*\** | | | | | ** | **Not used for | | Monitor for K+ | | | life-threatenin | | and | | **Patiromer | g | | constipation. | | (Veltassa)** | hyperkalemia** | | | | | | | Auscultate | | **Powder for | *Potassium | | bowel sound | | Suspension: mix | Binder: | | | | with water** | exchanges | | | | | calcium for | | | | **Do not use | potassium* | | | | for severe | | | | | Hyperkalemia.** | *Tx- | | | | | **Hyperkalemia* | | | | | ** | | | | | | | | | | ***Give PO*** | | | | | | | | | | **Binds to K+ | | | | | in the colon** | | | | | | | | | | **Onset approx. | | | | | 7 hours** | | | | | | | | | | **Not used for | | | | | life-threatenin | | | | | g | | | | | hyperkalemia** | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Sodium | *Potassium | Fluid retention | Hypertension | | Zirconium | Binder: | | | | Cyclosilicate | exchanges | Chest pain | Monitor K+, | | (Lokelma)** | hydrogen and | | | | | sodium for | Palpitations | ECG for | | **Oral | potassium* | | dysrhythmias | | suspension** | | SOB | | | | ***Tx- | | Vital Signs | | **Do not use | Hyperkalemia*** | Hypokalemia | | | for severe | | | Auscultate | | Hyperkalemia.** | ***Give PO*** | Weakness | bowel sound | | | | | | | | **Binds to K+ | Unusual | | | | in the colon** | tiredness | | | | | | | | | **Onset approx. | Muscle cramps | | | | 1hour** | or twitching | | | | | | | | | **Not used for | Constipation | | | | life-threatenin | | | | | g | | | | | hyperkalemia** | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Calcium | *Intravenous | - Dry mouth, | Hypotension | | Gluconate** | medication* | | | | | | - increased | Rapid **intrave | | | *Tx: conditions | thirst, | nous** injectio | | | arising | | n | | | from **calcium* | - Increased | may lead to | | | * deficiencies | urination, | symptoms of | | | such as | | hypercalcemia | | | **hypocalcemic | - tingling | or hypokalemia | | | tetany,** | sensations, | | | | hypocalcemia | constipatio |  slowly, at a | | | related to | n, | rate of 1.5 | | | hypoparathyroid | | mL/minute (150 | | | ism, | Cardiac | mg/minute) or | | | and | arrhythmias | less to avoid | | | hypocalcemia | decreased blood | adverse | | | due to rapid | pressure and | reactions | | | growth or | bradycardia | | | | pregnancy. | | Monitor ECG for | | | Also, to Tx | | dysrhythmias | | | **hyperkalemia | | | | | cardiotoxicity- | | Monitor Serum | | | ECG | | K+ and Ca+ V/S | | | monitoring*** | | | | | | | | | | ***Antidote for | | | | | Hypermagnesemia | | | | | *** | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Insulin | *The only type | Hypoglycemia | Monitor glucose | | (Humulin R, | of **insulin**  | | and K+ serum | | Novolin R)** | that | Serious effects | and initiate | | | should be given | on those with | insulin | | | intravenously | liver/renal | infusion 1 to 2 | | | is regular | disease | hours after | | | human | | starting fluid | | | **insulin***. | | replacement | | | | | therapy (For | | | *Tx: **Acute | | DKA) | | | Hyperglycemia** | | | | | * | | | | | | | | | | *DKA* | | | | | | | | | | ***Severe | | | | | Hyperkalemia*** | | | | | | | | | | ***Insulin in | | | | | D5W*** | | | 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