Lesson 9 Respiratory Apparatus PDF

Lesson 9 Respiratory apparatus Human Anatomy and Embryology Prof. Mar Ubero Dentistry Index CONTENT -Introduction to respiratory apparatus. -Upper respiratory apparatus: -Nasal cavity. -Pharynx. -Larynx. -Lower respiratory apparatus: -Trachea. -Bronchial tree. -Lungs. -Vascularisation. 2 1....

Lesson 9 Respiratory apparatus Human Anatomy and Embryology Prof. Mar Ubero Dentistry Index CONTENT -Introduction to respiratory apparatus. -Upper respiratory apparatus: -Nasal cavity. -Pharynx. -Larynx. -Lower respiratory apparatus: -Trachea. -Bronchial tree. -Lungs. -Vascularisation. 2 1. Introduction to respiratory apparatus ti ti ti Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. 3 1. Introduction to respiratory apparatus Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with numerous mucous cells Filtering, warming, and humidification of the inhale air ti ti ti 4 2. Upper respiratory apparatus ti ti ti Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. 5 2. Upper respiratory apparatus NASAL CAVITY - Primary passageway for air. - Nasal septum: - Bony portion: ethmoid and vomer. - Hyaline cartilage. - Divided into 3 parts: - Olfactory regions. - Respiratory regions. - Nasal vestibules. - Superior, middle and inferior conchae (turbinate bones). 6 2. Upper respiratory apparatus NASAL CAVITY: Choanae 7 2. Upper respiratory apparatus PHARYNX Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx 8 Oropharynx Nasopharynx 2. Upper respiratory apparatus - Pharyngeal tonsil (1). - Torus tubarius (2). - Pharyngeal opening of the auditory tubes. - Palatine tonsils (2). - Lingual tonsil (1). PHARYNX 9 2. Upper respiratory apparatus PHARYNX tt Elhakeem, A.A. (2021). Adenoid and Tonsils. In: Al-Qahtani, A., Haidar, H., Larem, A. (eds) Textbook of Clinical Otolaryngology. Springer, Cham. h ps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54088-3_56 10 2. Upper respiratory apparatus LARYNX - Involved in sound production. - It is suspended from the hyoid bone and attached to the trachea bellow. - Highly mobile. - Motor and sensory innervation by the vagus nerve (X). 11 2. Upper respiratory apparatus ti ti ti Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. LARYNX 12 2. Upper respiratory apparatus LARYNX - Laryngeal vestibule. - Glottis: Vestibular fold: Vestibular ligament. Vocal fold: Vocal ligament. Laryngeal ventricle. - Infraglottis. Laryngeal vestibule Glottis Infraglottis 13 2. Upper respiratory apparatus LARYNX 14 2. Upper respiratory apparatus LARYNX 15 3. Lower respiratory apparatus TRACHEA The trachea is a tough, flexible tube. It begins anterior to vertebra C6 and ends in the mediastinum, at the level of vertebra T5 , where it branches to form the right and left primary, or main, bronchi. 16 3. Lower respiratory apparatus TRACHEA Each tracheal cartilage is C-shaped. The closed portion of the C protects the anterior and lateral surfaces of the trachea, and the open portions of the tracheal cartilages face posteriorly, toward the oesophagus. Because the cartilages do not continue around the trachea, the posterior tracheal wall can easily change shape during swallowing, permitting the passage of large masses of food along the oesophagus. 17 3. Lower respiratory apparatus BRONCHIAL TREE 18 3. Lower respiratory apparatus - Trachea (Carina). - Main bronchi. - Lobar bronchi. - Segmental bronchi. - Bronchioles. - Alveoli. Bronchioles and alveoli bare of cartilages BRONCHIAL TREE Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. ti ti ti 19 3. Lower respiratory apparatus LUNGS - Located in the pleural cavities. Parietal pleura and visceral pleura. 20 3. Lower respiratory apparatus LUNGS 21 3. Lower respiratory apparatus 3 lobes. 2 fissures: horizontal and oblique. LUNGS 2 lobes. 1 fissure: oblique. 22 3. Lower respiratory apparatus LUNGS 23 3. Lower respiratory apparatus LUNGS Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. 24 3. Lower respiratory apparatus LUNGS 25 Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. 4. Vascularisation Arterial system: -Pulmonary trunk: - Left and right pulmonary arteries. -Bronchial arteries. Venous system: -Left and right pulmonary veins. -Bronchial veins. 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell AWM. Gray's Basic Anatomy, 4th Edi on. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2019. Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell AWM, Tibbi s R, Richardson P. Gray ́s Atlas of Anatomy, 3rd Edi on. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2020. Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. Schünke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U. PROMETHEUS Anatomical Atlas for students. Panamericana, 2015. 5th Ed. Sobo a. Atlas of Human Anatomy, 15th Ed. Elsevier Gmbh, Munich. 2012. ti ti ti ti tt tt ti 27 Maria del Mar Ubero Martinez [email protected] UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia © UCAM