Lesson+12_Cardiovascular+apparatus.pdf

Lesson 12 Cardiovascular apparatus Human Anatomy and Embryology Prof. Mar Ubero Dentistry Index CONTENT -Cardiovascular apparatus: -Components. -Heart. -Vascularisation. -Lymphatic system 2 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Components - Heart. Arteries. Veins. Capillaries. tt Jahangir M. Anato...

Lesson 12 Cardiovascular apparatus Human Anatomy and Embryology Prof. Mar Ubero Dentistry Index CONTENT -Cardiovascular apparatus: -Components. -Heart. -Vascularisation. -Lymphatic system 2 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Components - Heart. Arteries. Veins. Capillaries. tt Jahangir M. Anatomy and Physiology for health professionals. Jones & Bartle Learning, 2020. 3rd Ed. 3 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Components ti ti ti Mar ni FH, Tallitsch RB, Nath JL. Human Anatomy. 8th Edi on. Pearson Educa on SA, 2018. 4 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. 5 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 6 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Adapted from Mar ni FH and Bartholomew EF. Essen als of Anatomy & Physiology, 7th edi on. Pearson Educa on, 2017. 7th Ed. ti ti ti ti 7 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 8 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart ti ti ti ti Adapted from Mar ni FH and Bartholomew EF. Essen als of Anatomy & Physiology, 7th edi on. Pearson Educa on, 2017. 7th Ed. Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 9 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Right atrium - Blood returning to the right atrium through one of the following vessels: • Superior cava vein. • Inferior cava vein. • Coronary sinus. - Tricuspid valve (3 semilunar cusps). - Fossa ovalis. - Interatrial wall 10 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Right ventricle - The blood enters the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. - Papillary muscles and Chordae tendinae. - Interventricular wall. - The outflow leads to the pulmonary trunk through the pulmonary valve. 11 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Right ventricle - Pulmonary valve formed by 3 semilunar cusps. 12 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Left atrium - Pulmonary veins – left atrium. - Mitral valve. 13 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Left ventricle The blood enters the left ventricle through the mitral (or bicuspid) valve. Papillary muscles and Chordae tendinae. The outflow leads to the ascending aorta artery through the aortic valve. 14 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Left ventricle Aortic valve: 3 semilunar cusps. 15 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 16 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 17 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. 18 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Pulmonary valve Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. 19 1. Cardiovascular apparatus: Heart Bicuspid valve Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. 20 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Right coronary A. Ascending aorta Left coronary A. Coronary arteries 21 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Aortic arch 22 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation 1.B. 2 Aortic arch Branches of the aortic arch: 1. Arterial brachiocephalic trunk: 1.A. 1 3 1.A. Right subclavian artery 1.B. Right common carotid artery 2. Left common carotid artery 3. Left subclavian artery 23 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Descending aorta - Bronchial arteries (a paired anterior branches). - Intercostal arteries (multiple paired posterior branches). Posterior view Anterior view 24 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Superior cava vein Superior cava vein Origen: from the 2 venous brachiocephalic trunks, azygos vein and hemiazygos vein. Azygos vein Starts on the right of the L1 Hemiazygos vein Tributary vein of the azygos vein. Starts on the left lumbar side. 25 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Superior cava vein External jugular vein Internal cava vein External jugular vein Subclavian vein Venous brachiocephalic trunk Superior cava vein 26 2. Cardiovascular apparatus: Vascularisation Coronary sinus 27 3. Lymphatic system - Wide net of lymphatic vessels that carry lymph. - These vessels originate in peripheral tissues and deliver lymph to the venous system. - Absence of lymphatic vessels: - Brain. - Bone marrow. - Avascular tissues (e.g. cartilage). Mar ni FH and Bartholomew EF. Essen als of Anatomy & Physiology, 7th edi on. Pearson Educa on, 2017. 7th Ed. ti ti ti ti 28 3. Lymphatic system - Lymph consists of: (1) interstitial fluid, which resembles blood plasma, but with a lower concentration of proteins; (2) lymphocytes, cells responsible for the immune response; and (3) macrophages of various types. - Indirect circulation. - Lymphoid nodules: encapsulated structures that contain lymphocytes and macrophages. 29 3. Lymphatic system The thoracic duct carries lymph originating in tissues inferior to the diaphragm and from the left side of the upper body. It empties into the left subclavian vein. The right lymphatic duct drains the right half of the body superior to the diaphragm into the right subclavian vein. 30 3. Lymphatic system Thymus gland Spleen Tonsils 31 BIBLIOGRAPHY Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell AWM. Gray's Basic Anatomy, 4th Edi on. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2019. Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell AWM, Tibbi s R, Richardson P. Gray ́s Atlas of Anatomy, 3rd Edi on. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2020. Jahangir M. Anatomy and Physiology for health professionals. Jones & Bartle Learning, 2020. 3rd Ed. Mar ni FH and Bartholomew EF. Essen als of Anatomy & Physiology, 7th edi on. Pearson Educa on, 2017. 7th Ed. Nielsen M, Miller S. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. Schünke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U. PROMETHEUS Anatomical Atlas for students. Panamericana, 2015. 5th Ed. Sobo a. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Elsevier Gmbh, Munich. 2012. 15th Ed. Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2020. 13th Ed. ti ti tt ti ti tt ti tt ti 32 Maria del Mar Ubero Martinez [email protected] UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia © UCAM