Lesson 5 - Arduino, BB, JW, Resistors.ppt

BREADBOARD, LED, RESISTOR, JUMPING WIRE & ARDUINO Digital Electronics What is a Breadboard? A breadboard, sometimes called a protoboard, is a reusable platform for temporarily built electronic circuits. 2 How A Breadboard Works Electric component leads and the wire used to connect them are inserted...

BREADBOARD, LED, RESISTOR, JUMPING WIRE & ARDUINO Digital Electronics What is a Breadboard? A breadboard, sometimes called a protoboard, is a reusable platform for temporarily built electronic circuits. 2 How A Breadboard Works Electric component leads and the wire used to connect them are inserted into holes that are arranged in a grid pattern on the surface of the breadboard. Top View Cut-Away View A series of internal metal strips serve as jumper wires. They connect specific rows of holes. 3 Breadboard Connections 4 5 LED a lightemitting diode (a semiconductor diode which glows when a voltage is applied). 6 Resistor The resistor is a passive electrical component to create resistance in the flow of electric current. The resistance is measured in ohms. How can get the resistance for the circuit? We Can get it from the ohm’s law, R=V/I Ex:LED:45 mA Battery:9V Find The Value of the Resistance that we Will Put in the Circuit How Can read the Resistor Color? You can Search for Resistor Calculator in internet. Types of Resistors? Jumping Wires Jumper wires are simply wires that have connector pins at each end, allowing them to be used to connect two points to each other without soldering. Jumper wires are typically used with breadboards and other prototyping tools in order to make it easy to change a circuit as needed. 11 Color Coding Using color coding is breathtaking simple but will save you so much time in the long run. The two most normal conventions are: Black (or sometimes Blue): This denotes a wire running directly to Ground (GND) Red: This is connected to a source of power. Normally running from the 3.3V on your Particle board. When working with other components, choose a consistent color. For example if working with an RGB led, you might use a Green, Orange (because red is for power) and Blue cable to connect to each of the color terminals on the LED. 12 Kinds of Jumping Wires 13 ARDUINO UNO 14 WHAT IS ARDUINO ► Arduino is a microcontroller based open source electronic Prototyping board which can be programmed with an Easy-to-use Arduino IDE. ► Arduino consists of both a Physical programmable circuit Board and a piece of software or IDE. The Arduino IDE uses a Simplified version of C++ making it easier to learn. 15 THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE ARDUINO UNO BOARD ARE THE FOLLOWING USB Connecto r POWER PORT MICRO CONTROLLER ANALOG INPUT PINS DIGITAL PINS 16 THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE ARDUINO UNO BOARD ARE THE FOLLOWING Reset CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR USB INTERFACE CHIP TX RX LEDS 17 ► This is a printer USB port used to load a program From the Arduino IDE onto the Arduino board USB Connecto r ► The board can also be powered through this port Pitch Deck 18 ► The Arduino board can be powered through a AC-to-DC adapter or a battery Powe r port ► The power source can be connected by plugging in a 2.1 mm central-positive plug into the power jack of the board ► The Arduino UNO board operate at a voltage of 5 volts, but it can withstand a maximum voltage of 20 volts 19 ► It is the most prominently visible black rectangular chip With 28 pins. Think of it as the brain of your Arduino Micro Controll er ► The microcontroller used on the UNO board is Atmega328P By Atmel ( a major microcontroller manufacturer) Pitch Deck 20 ► Atmega328P has the following components in it ► Flash memory of 32KB. The program loaded from the Arduino IDE is stored memory Micro Controll er ► RAM of 2KB. This is runtime memory ► CPU: It controls everything that goes on within the device. It fetches The program instructions from flash memory and runs It with the help of RAM Pitch Deck 21 ► Arduino UNO board has 6 analog pins labeled “Analog 0 to 5.”These pins can read the signal from an analog sensor such as a temperature sensor and convert it into a digital value for system understanding Analog Input Pins Pitch Deck 22 ► You can find these pins labeled “Digital 0 to 13.”These pins can be used as either input or output pins. When used as output, these pins act as a power supply source for the components connected to it and when used as inputs pins, they read the signal from the component connected to them Digita l Pins 23 ► When this switch is clicked it sends a logical pulse to the reset pin of the Microcontroller and now runs the program again from the start. Reset Pins 24 ► This is a quartz crystal oscillator which ticks 16 million times a second. On each tick, the microcontroller performs One operation, for example, addition, subtraction, etc.. crystal oscillato r ► Think of this as a signal translator. It converts signals in usb interfac e chip the USB level to a level that an Arduino UNO board understands. ► TX stands for transmit, and RX for receive. These are indicator LEDs which blink whenever the UNO board is transmitting or receiving data TX RX LEDs THANK YOU 28