Lesson 3: Travel and Tourism as an Integrated Discipline PDF

LESSON 3: TRAVEL AND TOURISM AS AN INTEGRATED DISCIPLINE TOURISM AS AN INTEGRATED DISCIPLINE Tourism embraces nearly all aspect of our society Tourism is important to economic changes, human socio-cultural activities and environmental development and; Tourism is so vast...

LESSON 3: TRAVEL AND TOURISM AS AN INTEGRATED DISCIPLINE TOURISM AS AN INTEGRATED DISCIPLINE Tourism embraces nearly all aspect of our society Tourism is important to economic changes, human socio-cultural activities and environmental development and; Tourism is so vast, more complex and multifaceted that is why there is a wide range of subjects related to it Tourism is related in academic subjects such as geography, economics, history, language, psychology, marketing, business and law For marketing and business, tourism subject helps understand the promotion and marketing of tourism products KEY ELEMENTS OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY Travellers – is the centre of the model where all tourism activities are focused Tourism Promoters – they are in first close contact with the travellers Tourism Service Suppliers – provides services to travellers independently External Environment – the interaction of these following forces determines how closely the individual and organizations work together FACTORS THAT ENCOURAGE/PROHIBIT THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM Social Factors – the type of travel and tourism products and services radically change because of the demographic trends and social changes Political Factors – political stability of a country is one major factor in the development of tourism Economic Factor – people tend to spend more on travelling if they under a favourable economic condition although whether global economic environment is health or not, it will not affect people’s intention of travelling to other countries Cultural and Environmental Factors – greater environmental awareness has affected travel and tourism development in the recent years. Green issues such as the development of eco- tourism, green hotels and conservation of heritage sites are becoming more and more important which provides basis for sustainable tourism Technological Factors – travel and tourism has always been an industry that has made extensive use of technological equipment CONCEPTS OF TRAVEL AND TOURISM TRAVEL Comprises all journeys from one place to another All journeys made by people who enter a country for leisure, work, reside, study or who just pass through a country without stopping TOURISM The temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, as well as their activities during their stay at these destinations All tourism should have some travel but not all travel is tourism Category of tourism (1) Domestic (2) International TOP TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF THE WORLD 1. France 2. United States 3. China 4. Spain 5. Italy 6. United Kingdom 7. Turkey 8. Germany 9. Malaysia 10. Mexico TOP TOURISM SPENDERS OF THE WORLD 1. Germany 2. United States 3. China 4. United Kingdom 5. France 6. Canada 7. Japan 8. Italy 9. Russian Federation 10. Australia TRAVELLER is any person who is taking a trip within or outside his/her own country of residence of the purpose of travel, means of transport used even though he/she may be travelling on foot TOURIST is an overnight visitor. It is a person who travels to destinations outside his/her residence and working place, and stays for at least 24 hours for the purpose of leisure or business. Types of tourist (1) International (2) Domestic EXCURSIONIST is a same-day visitor or day tripper. It is person who temporarily visits a destination and stays for less than 24 hours, for the purpose of leisure or business but not for transit. Types of excursionist (1) International (2) Domestic VISITORS is any person travelling to a place other than his/her usual environment for a period not exceeding twelve months and whose main purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the country visited. Types of visitors (1) International (2) Domestic CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST ACCORDING TO COHEN AND PLOG 1. COHEN Drifters – the most adventurous tourist of them all. They take risks to mix with the host community, prepared to take low skilled job to integrate with local people, has strong interest in the indigenous culture, especially food, music, art and language Explorers – arranges own trip and tries to get off the beaten track. Prefers comfortable tourist accommodation. Will speak, or try to speak the language of the host community Individual Mass Tourist – has some control over the itinerary and will make own decisions. Will choose to avoid busy tourist attractions. Might avoid eating local foods they can’t pronounce Organized Mass Tourist – seeks fixed itineraries and planned activities. Prefers to live in a tourist bubble that is divorced from the local community. Demands the comforts of home whilst away in a foreign place 2. PLOG Allocentric – seeks new experience and is keen to meet strangers. Curious about places and different cultures and will make own travel arrangements Psychocentric – unadventurous traveler who will have little interest to seek out strange places. Happy to keep returning to the same place and will use a travel agent’s packaged tour TOURIST CODE OF BEHAVIOR (UNWTO Code of Ethics) ISSUES CONSIDERED WHILE TRAVELLING Personal Safety Money and Valuables Health TOURIST WITH SPECIAL NEEDS Very Important Persons (VIP) Seniors/Elders Children Disabled/PWD Religious Travellers Pregnant Women Infant Travellers