L3 Revision The World of Travel & Tourism PDF

8 Topics – That's all you have to learn… 1. 9 Sectors 2. Types of Tourism & Travel 3. Ownership & Aims 4. Statistics (Scale & Visitor Numbers) 5. Interrelationships 6. Technology 7. GDP & Multiplier Effect & Employment 8. Factors & Responses ...

8 Topics – That's all you have to learn… 1. 9 Sectors 2. Types of Tourism & Travel 3. Ownership & Aims 4. Statistics (Scale & Visitor Numbers) 5. Interrelationships 6. Technology 7. GDP & Multiplier Effect & Employment 8. Factors & Responses  3. Accommodation 9 Sectors Role – to provide a range of accommodation options, services and facilities Products and/or services: serviced (Hotel) (room, 1. Tour operators: 2. Travel agents: concierge, restaurant, bar, housekeeping, leisure, Role – to provide expert advice and conferences) non-serviced (Self Catering) (room, self- Role – to assemble and operate catering facilities) guidance, arranging and booking trips, component parts of holidays as a youth hostels (dormitory/shared rooms, private rooms, excursions and package holidays or self-catering facilities, information and advice, social package for retail travel agents or individual components areas, meals) camping, caravan sites, holiday parks 9. Ancillary direct sales (make) – TA – Sell / or (tent and mobile caravan pitches, static caravan hire, organisations Products and/or services provided – lodge and chalet accommodation, entertainment and : (Extras) they sell information; foreign exchange; sales and hospitality, sports and recreation)location (rural, urban) types – car Products and/or services booking service for packaged holidays, hire, travel provided – package holidays, accommodation, flights, transfers and 5. Visitor attractions: insurance, ground transport, excursions, tickets, transfers, accommodation, travel, transfers, event booking, insurance, ancillary services type – natural, purpose-built, heritage excursions, other services, advice product 4a. Transport principals: components: 4b. Transport hubs and gateways: role – to provide entertainment, comparison components: education, recreation, fun, hospitality, air – scheduled, charter, low cost or no-frills providers other visitor facilities sea – ferry, cruises road – bus, coach, hire car, private car, taxi airports role – rail – local, national and international, high speed rail and coach stations products and/or services – information supporting ferry and cruise ports and interpretation, rides, exhibits, events, services for o role – to provide transport between destinations, role – to provide access for passengers to tours and guides, educational talks, tourists and to ensure safety transportation, to ensure safety hospitality and catering, souvenirs. travellers o products and services – transport for passengers and luggage, catering, entertainment, products and services – check-in desks, 8. Trade and professional bodies: (Protect products information, shopping. information, catering, shopping, lounge customer & industry) facilities. and/or services 7. Tourism development and promotion: Types (7) – (Airlines - Civil Aviation Authority 6. Arts and entertainment: (CAA), Office of Rail Regulation (ORR), the – car hire, (Tourist Boards: Visit Belfast, Tourism NI, Visit insurance, Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), the Britain) parking, Association of Independent Tour Operators (AITO), types – special events, festivals, role – encourage visitors, tourist to spend Uk inbound, Foreign and Commonwealth Office lounges, theatre money, promote special events, promote the (FCO), International Air Transport Association information UK to the rest of the world, provide and advice role – to entertain, inform (IATA) information, advice and guidance role – regulation (laws) and protection, member products and/or services – live products and/or services – information, representation, liaison (work) with government leaflets, souvenirs and merchandise, visitor products and/or services – dealing with consumer entertainment, music and dance, complaints/arbitration, advice and support, centres, industry representation  Types of Tourism & Travel Types of Tourism Leisure Travel: 1. Day trips – Our class going to the Giants Causeway Know the differences 2. Short breaks – Weekend break between types of 3. Holidays – 2 week holiday 4. Visiting friends and relatives (VFR) V.I.P tourism: 5. Staycations – Staying in your own country (COVID) 6. Special Events – Olympics / MTV Music Awards 1. Domestic tourism: Types of Travel: definition – taking holidays and trips in 1. Leisure travel your own country Business (MICE) V.I.P. 1. Meetings – get-together for work colleges talk about work 2. Outbound tourism: 2. Business travel 2. Incentive – prize for doing well in work / Bonus / night away in a hotel definition – 3. Conference – Big gathering of people / learn about a topic travelling to a 4. Events – Weddings / Product launch different country for 3. Specialist travel a visit or holiday Specialist travel: V.I.P 3. Inbound tourism: 1. Adventure – Rock Climbing 2. Health – Spa / Cosmetic Surgery INTO UK definition – 3. Education – Residential / Field Trip visitors from 4. Cultural heritage – History & People – Rome! overseas coming 5. Dark tourism – Bad Events – 9/11 Museum / Auschwitz 6. Voluntary work – Help – Beach Clean Up into the country 7. Conservation / Eco-tourism – Environment / Protection – Wildlife  Task 1: Lesson Listen Write Cue Card Task 2: Move around Wish you were here! the room to Interview people on holiday! show (Each one will be away for a different different reason) types Record & Watch Task 3: Statue Game: Think of a body position for each type. Specialist travel: V.I.P Call out each type Task 4: 1. Adventure – Rock Climbing & Freeze Watch: 2. Health – Spa / Cosmetic Surgery 3. Education – Residential / Field Trip Dark Tourist 4. Cultural heritage – History & People – Rome! on Netflix 5. Dark tourism – Bad Events – 9/11 Museum / Auschwitz 6. Voluntary work – Help – Beach Clean Up Draw Image 7. Conservation / Eco-tourism – Environment / Protection – for each Wildlife Only 3 things to learn in this section… See it’s not so bad… Ownership & Operating Get to it – Write it down / Test yourself / Repeat… Aims Voluntary: Public: 1. Characteristics – funded by 1. Characteristics – owned or grants, donations, legacies, entry funded by the government – fees, staffed by volunteers though local or national, will be staffed larger organisations, will also have by paid employees but may paid employees or tenants, most also be supported by have charitable status volunteers Private 2. Aims – to provide a service to 1. Characteristics – owned by private 2. Aims – to preserve or protect the the public, to use funding individual(s) or company, may be a environment, buildings, landscape appropriately, to maintain best public limited company (PLC) on stock features; to campaign or lobby quality service, to financially market, could be large multinational against inappropriate break-even, to ensure that company, may be SME (small to developments; conservation; service levels are maintained medium-sized enterprise), will be sustainability to reinvest profit to improve staffed by paid employees services 3. Organisations – some visitor 2. Aims – usually financial, to make a attractions, including natural; some 3. Organisations – tourist profit, to increase market share, to transport; charities. information centres, tourist increase turnover, to improve or boards, some smaller visitor maintain its image, to increase and attractions, some local diversify the range of transport organisations, most products/services offered to customers regulatory bodies, government bodies. 3. Organisations – tour operators, travel agents, most transport organisations and hubs, most large Statistics (Scale & Visitor Numbers) You will be happy to hear that there is nothing to memorise for this topic.. You do need to understand & remember how to answer the questions though… (duh – thought you were getting away with it there didn’t you?) This section is easy peasy.. Lemon squeezy.. Just read the table – and pick out the statistics You might be given question where you have to add / subtract stats You might be given questions where you have to analysis stats Hopefully this is not you… Check the main PowerPoint for guidance on this… Check the main PowerPoint just in case… Just for fun…  Here we go again… Organizations be like… What's your relationship status? 4 boxes to learn.. Interrelationships Common Ownership? You know the drill…. Working together? Commercial Partnership? Terminology… 1. Distribution channels – how the customer ‘gets’ the product/ online / high street / through someone else / direct to customer, through an intermediary company. 2. Interrelationships – defined as ‘organisations that work together to benefit them both’. 3. Interdependencies – defined as ‘organisations that rely on each other to enable them to provide a better product or service to the customer’ 4. Commercial partnerships – two or more companies working together because they would like too – don’t rely on each other – make money! Horizontal integration : Vertical integration : Integration / Common Ownership / Working Together / Commercial (Common Ownership) (Common Ownership) Partnerships Where an organisation buys or When an organisation buys or merges with another merges with another Advantages: 1. Shared costs organisation of the same type organisation of a different type 2. Increased sales to enable it to offer a wider to enable it to control more 3. Better image & reputation variety of products and sectors of the market. 4. Customer care 5. More customers services. 6. More income Disadvantages: 7. Loss of individual image 8. Less personal customer service - 9. Shared commission on sales 10. Effects of poor service by one organisation may potentially impact on the other  Technology Technology in different organisations: 1. Visitor attractions – multimedia presentations, animatronics, interpretation, fast-track tickets, webcams Just for fun… 2. Transport hubs and gateways – self- 3 things to service check-in, body and baggage learn on this What do you call slide… having your scanners grandma on speed (Ad: Quicker / safer / Dis : Longer / Miss Especially this dial? box.. flight) Instagram. Write / Test / Repeat 3. Accommodation, for check-in, for in- room entertainment, for information 4. Travel agents, transport principals and tour operators – for e ticketing, m ticketing,  GDP & Multiplier Effect & Employment You should know what you do by now... Write / Test / Repeat / Do a little dance! Terminology: 1. GDP – Gross Domestic Product How does Tourism contribute to the economy? – The value of a country's Economic Advantage economy. The total amount of Gareth & Mummy Let Connor Drive In Ice-skates products and services 1. Direct spending by tourist on tourism produced in a country in one products – contributes to GDP year. Tourism is one of those 2. Direct spending by tourist on indirect products. products – leading to the multiplier effect The value of a country's 3. Construction of hotels / stadiums etc – this economy indirect employment 4. Direct employment – again – leads to the 2. Multiplier Effect - o Direct multiplier effect spending by tourists, 5. Legacy of attractions – attract more circulated throughout the people in the future economy on indirect (RETAIL / 6. Inbound & Domestic tourism contribute Coconut Man! It’s all about the money, Hospitality) products and money, money… most of GDP services /- Impact on direct 7. Infrastructure Negative (roads / transport Economic links) Effects and indirect employment development – GDP / Indirect Employment 1. Leakage – money made by 3. Direct Employment – Work tourism BUT spend in another country in one of the 9 sectors 2. Overreliance on tourism jobs 3. Seasonal Employment 4. Low – Skill / Paid Jobs 1. Development and 2. Media Factors : innovation: Increased TV coverage, film locations, adverts Factors & Responses Responses: What customer / larger and faster transportation; airport growth; improved Social media usage, by organisations and customers organisation want – that is how you accessibility to destination; respond! improved facilities both on Influence of social media in research transport and in terminals, hubs and customer reviews and opinions Media coverage of events and gateways We don’t know what factor Customer: Increased range of choice in accommodation and increased Importance of managing – bad and they will ask you about. good press, incidents, image variety of attractions booking 1. Good customer service systems, computers, online, So, you need to learn this mobile, rise of call centres, formula – so you will have 2. Better range of products advances in Computer Reservation System answers for all the factors. 3. Financial protection / 4. Social : (CRS) and Global Distribution changing family structure, one parent memberships ABTA etc System (GDS) for agents and families operators, comparison websites You should then select which 4. Products to meet their needs technology, 3. Economic: including potential rise of the ‘grey’ market – increased ones apply to the factor they 5. Technology meet their needs proportion of retired people hackers and system failures and give you. Recession or growth maintaining security of data. 6. Faster more efficient service changing working patterns Currency exchange rates and Write your answer – and then 7. Safety & Security fluctuations current fashions and trends apply it to the factor / topic / holiday allowance and amount of Available disposable income as a holiday with pay. organisation. result of changes to mortgage rates, inflation and unemployment rates Organisation: World oil prices. 5. Legislation : 6. Safety & Security : 1. Profits health and safety terrorist attacks war, civil unrest 2. Crisis Management Plan airport tax/APD (air passenger duty) security measures – on transport, at And that as they is a wrap! 3. Image terminals, at destinations, at events passport and visa requirements transport disasters and crashes and Not that bad was it? Its only 8 topics folks… 8 topics 4. Security / Profits / Data / safety concerns data protection requirements health – reactions to disease that stand in they way of you passing or failing! People outbreaks and prevalence of disease e-safety. 5. Staff training The choice is yours… 6. Save money Good Luck! 7. Research & Knowledge 7 Environment & Climate : 8. Change: products / Flexible climate change the importance of sustainability staff / opening times extreme weather events – floods, landslides, hurricanes, cyclones natural disasters – volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunami. Passenger Transport 4a. Transport principals: components: 4b. Transport hubs and gateways: components: air – scheduled, charter, low cost or no-frills sea – ferry, cruises airports road – bus, coach, hire car, private car, taxi rail and coach stations rail – local, national and international, high speed ferry and cruise ports role – to provide access for o role – to provide transport between passengers to transportation, destinations, to ensure safety to ensure safety o products and services – transport for products and services – check- passengers and luggage, catering, entertainment, information, shopping. in desks, information, catering, shopping, lounge facilities