Mathematical Language and Symbols PDF

MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE AND SYMBOLS Language “a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols” Components of Language: Community of Vocabulary People Grammar R...

MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE AND SYMBOLS Language “a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols” Components of Language: Community of Vocabulary People Grammar Range of Meanings  English Language Mathematical Language Phrases Expression A short group of words that are A group of number or variable often used together and have a with or without mathematical particular meaning operation. Sentences Equation A group of words which expresses A group of number or variable with a complete thought. or without mathematical operation, separated by an equal sign. Mathematical Expressions Consists of terms that are separated by either plus or minus sign only. numerical coefficient (the number attached to the variable) literal coefficient (the variable itself) constant (any single number) Mathematical Sentences Combination of two mathematical expression using a comparison operator. Equation VS Inequality Examples of Equations Examples of Inequality Classify the following given as Expression or Equation Operational Terms and Symbols SYMBOLS/ BASIC ENGLISH TERMS OPERATIONS Equals, is equal to, represents, is the same as, is, to = be, is similar to, is equivalent to, exactly, results in. Plus, sum, total, added to, added with, added by, + augmented, raised, more, more than, and increased, put together. Minus, difference, subtracted from, subtracted by, – diminish, less, less than, decreased, separated. Times, product, multiplied by, multiplied with, multiplied to, doubled, tripled (etc.), twice, thrice (etc.) / ÷ Divided by, quotient, per, ratio, halved, over, all over English Expression to Mathematical Sentences BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Three plus four equals seven. Three plus four is equal to seven. Three increased by four is seven. Three augmented by four is seven. 3+4=7 Common errors: Three plus four is equals to seven. (Grammar) The sum of three and four equal to seven. (Grammar) English Expression to Mathematical Sentences BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Ten minus two is eight. Ten less two is eight. Two less than ten is equal to eight. The difference of ten and two is eight. 10 – 2 = 8 Common errors: Ten less than two is eight. (Connotes different meaning) The difference of two and ten is eight. (Connotes different meaning) English Expression to Mathematical Sentences BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Seven times two is fourteen. The product of seven and two is fourteen. 7 (2) = 14 Twice the number seven is fourteen. English Expression to Mathematical Sentences BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Six divided by two is three. The quotient of six and two is three. The ratio of six and two is equal to three. 6÷2=3 Common errors: The quotient of two and six is three. (Connotes different meaning) The ratio of two and six is three. (Connotes different meaning) English Expression to Mathematical Sentences COMBINED MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS The sum of six and two all over four is two. The ratio of six plus two, and four is equal to two. Two is the quotient when the sum of six and two is divided by four. Common errors: Six plus two divided by four is two. (Connotes different meaning) English Expression to Mathematical Sentences COMBINED MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Twice the difference of twelve and four is sixteen. The product of two and twelve less four is sixteen. Common errors: Twelve minus four times two is sixteen. (Connotes different meaning) English Expression to Mathematical Sentences vice-versa BASIC MATHEMATICAL STATEMENTS ENGLISH TRANSLATION 12 + 1 = 13 3 (11 – 5) = 18 English Expression to Mathematical Sentences vice-versa BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS The quotient of twenty-one and, five less two is seven. The quotient of “fifteen and five” and “twelve and four” is one. The sum of six and four, diminished by seven is equal to three. Twice the difference of ten and eight is four. Conversion of Algebraic Expressions to English Sentences BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Twice a number is equal to fourteen. 2x = 14 Two times a number is fourteen Thrice the difference of twice a number and one is four. 3(2x-1) = 4 Three, multiplied to the difference of twice a number less one, is four. The ratio of twice the sum of a number and one, and three is equal to five. Algebraic Expression to English Sentences vice-versa ALGEBRAIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS 12x = 10 – 2 Algebraic Expression to English Sentences vice-versa BASIC MATHEMATICAL ENGLISH TRANSLATION STATEMENTS Twice the sum of eleven and four times a number. Four times a number minus twelve is twice the difference of a number and five Five times a number plus ten all over three is eleven. The ratio of a number and seventy-five is exactly the same as fifty-four and twice a number.