Tourism Study Topics Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is NOT a factor influencing available disposable income?

  • World oil prices
  • Mortgage rates
  • Current fashions and trends (correct)
  • Inflation and unemployment rates

Security measures are only important in transport terminals.

False (B)

What is a crisis management plan used for?

To prepare for and respond to emergencies or disasters.

The health and safety regulations include reactions to ______ outbreaks.

<p>disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following security concerns with their descriptions:

<p>Terrorist attacks = Acts intended to cause harm or instill fear Data protection = Safeguarding personal information Airport tax = A fee imposed on air passengers E-safety = Protecting against online risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of accommodation is included in the services provided?

<p>Mobile caravan pitches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ancillary services include only travel-related products.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two components of transportation that are typically relevant in travel services.

<p>Flights and ground transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

The type of visitor attraction can be categorized as _____, purpose-built, or heritage.

<p>natural</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following services is considered an ancillary service?

<p>Event booking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of service with its description:

<p>Package holidays = Combined travel options including accommodation and transport Insurance = Protection against unforeseen circumstances during travel Excursions = Short trips related to a holiday experience Transfers = Transportation between locations during a travel itinerary</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of foreign exchange services in travel?

<p>To convert currency for use in another country</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes a benefit of shared costs between organisations?

<p>More customers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shared commission on sales can be considered a disadvantage of collaboration between organisations.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology can be found at transport hubs and gateways that enhances customer experience?

<p>self-service check-in</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shared costs enable an organisation to control more sectors of the _____ market.

<p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the technology with its primary usage in organisations:

<p>Multimedia presentations = Visitor attractions Self-service check-in = Transport hubs Body scanners = Airport security Webcams = Real-time monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of organisations sharing services?

<p>Loss of individual image (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using technology such as animatronics improves the visitor experience at attractions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a technology that allows for quicker ticketing at visitor attractions.

<p>fast-track tickets</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effects of poor service by one organisation may potentially impact the _____ of the other.

<p>reputation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason for increased sales through collaboration?

<p>Wider variety of products and services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one negative economic effect of tourism mentioned?

<p>Money leakage to other countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Direct employment in tourism includes only high-skill jobs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that can lead to overreliance on tourism jobs.

<p>Economic dependence on tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________ is an economic impact that results from seasonal employment in the tourism industry.

<p>Economic instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following tourism factors with their effects:

<p>Increased TV coverage = Enhanced destination visibility Social media usage = Improved customer engagement Larger transportation = Increased accessibility Airport growth = Facilitated tourism growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a response by organizations to improve customer satisfaction?

<p>Invest in social media marketing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infrastructure improvements in tourism only benefit tourists.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of distribution channels?

<p>To enable customers to access products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two major sectors affected by tourism?

<p>Hospitality and transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tourism can create __________ employment, leading to economic challenges in off-seasons.

<p>seasonal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Interrelationships are defined as organizations that do not rely on each other.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge associated with low-skill jobs in tourism?

<p>Limited career growth potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of interdependencies in a business context?

<p>Organizations that rely on each other to provide a better product or service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Commercial partnerships involve two or more companies working together because they ________ to.

<p>want</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of organizational relationships with their definitions:

<p>Horizontal integration = Merging with a competitor at the same level Vertical integration = Merging with a supplier or distributor Interrelationships = Organizations that work together for mutual benefit Commercial partnerships = Two or more companies functioning together voluntarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes vertical integration?

<p>Buying or merging with suppliers or distributors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organizations involved in a commercial partnership are required to rely on each other.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of common ownership in organizations?

<p>Increased efficiency through shared resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term ___________ channels refers to the method through which a customer gets a product.

<p>distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of interrelationship?

<p>Employment contracts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ancillary

Products or services offered alongside the main product or service, providing additional value. Examples include travel insurance, excursions, or car hire.

Direct Sales

The process of selling directly to customers, involving no intermediaries like travel agents or online booking platforms.

Travel Agent

A company that organizes and provides travel packages, combining flights, accommodation, and often other services like transportation and excursions.

Static Caravan Hire

A type of accommodation offered at a holiday park or resort, typically designed to be self-contained.

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Lodge and Chalet Accommodation

Accommodation options that include amenities such as entertainment and sports facilities, often located in a rural setting.

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Natural Visitor Attraction

A type of tourist attraction that features natural landscapes or geological formations.

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Purpose-Built Visitor Attraction

A type of tourist attraction designed and built specifically for its purpose, often including themed rides or exhibits.

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Economic Fluctuations

Changes in economic conditions like mortgage rates, inflation, and unemployment. These factors influence how much money people have to spend on travel.

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World Oil Prices

The cost of oil impacts the price of air travel as airlines use fuel. Higher oil prices lead to more expensive flights.

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Travel Legislation

Laws and regulations that affect travel. These include health and safety standards, passport and visa requirements, and data protection laws.

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Security Threats

The possibility of terrorist attacks, war, or civil unrest can deter travelers, leading to lower tourism.

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Safety and Security Measures

Measures taken to protect travelers from threats like terrorism or disease outbreaks, including security checks at airports and health screenings.

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Distribution Channel

How a customer accesses a product or service, including online, physical stores, intermediaries, or direct sales.

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Interrelationships

Two or more organizations working together for mutual benefit, aiming to achieve common goals.

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Interdependencies

Organizations reliant on each other to offer a better product or service to customers, where success depends on each other.

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Commercial Partnerships

Two or more companies collaborating voluntarily to make a profit, without depending on each other for survival.

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Horizontal Integration

A type of integration where an organization acquires or merges with another company operating at the same stage of the value chain, such as competitors.

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Vertical Integration

A type of integration where a company acquires or merges with a business at a different stage of the value chain, like a supplier or distributor.

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Common Ownership

The process of an organization acquiring or merging with another organization, resulting in a single entity.

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Working Together

When two or more organizations work together to achieve a shared goal.

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Commercial Partnerships - Advantages

Strategies that involve companies within the same industry collaborating to achieve goals.

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Shared costs (collaboration)

When two businesses work together to share costs for things like marketing or customer service, aiming to offer a wider range of products or services to a broader customer base.

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Cross-industry collaboration

A collaboration between two businesses in different industries or sectors, aiming for wider market control and increased influence.

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Benefits of collaboration: Increased Sales

Increased sales can be a benefit of collaboration, as businesses can access more customers and offer a wider variety of products or services.

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Benefits of collaboration: Better Image & Reputation

A stronger brand image and improved public perception can result from collaboration, as businesses benefit from combined resources and reach.

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Benefits of collaboration: Customer Care

Businesses collaborating may offer better customer care through combined resources and expertise, enabling them to provide improved support and service levels.

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Benefits of collaboration: More Customers

Collaborating businesses can attract more customers due to a wider range of products, services, and market reach.

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Benefits of collaboration: More Income

Increased revenue is a potential outcome of collaboration, as businesses can benefit from increased sales, wider market reach, and enhanced customer satisfaction.

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Disadvantages of collaboration: Loss of Individual Image

One potential drawback of collaboration is the loss of individual brand identity, as two businesses merge their offerings.

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Disadvantages of collaboration: Less Personal Customer Service

Collaboration can lead to less personalized customer service as businesses focus on a broader customer base, potentially impacting customer experience.

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Disadvantages of collaboration: Shared Commission on Sales

Commission on sales needs to be divided among collaborating businesses, potentially reducing individual gains.

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Economic effects of tourism

The economic effects of tourism can be positive or negative depending on the type of tourism development and the location. Positive impacts include increased employment, GDP growth, and infrastructure development. Negative impacts include dependence on tourism, seasonal employment, and leakage of money outside the country.

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Tourism leakage

Leakage occurs when tourists spend money on imported goods or services, rather than local ones. This means money flows out of the destination country instead of circulating within its economy.

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Over-reliance on tourism jobs

An overreliance on tourism jobs can make an economy vulnerable to fluctuations in tourism demand, leading to decreased income and unemployment.

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Seasonal employment in tourism

Tourism jobs are often seasonal, meaning they are only available for a certain period of time each year. Seasonal employment can lead to income instability and difficulty in planning long-term careers.

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Low-skill tourism jobs

Many tourism jobs are low-skill and low-paid, offering limited opportunities for career advancement. This can lead to low wages and limited economic benefits for workers.

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Tourism impact on infrastructure

Tourism can drive demand for enhanced infrastructure, including better roads, transport links, and airports, which can benefit the overall economy and improve quality of life.

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Tourism driving innovation

Tourism development can lead to innovation and diversification of the economy, benefiting other sectors beyond hospitality, resulting in greater overall economic growth.

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Media impact on tourism

Increased media exposure through TV coverage, film locations, and social media can raise a destination’s profile and attract more tourists.

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Responding to customer demands

Tourism businesses need to respond to customer demands and market trends to remain competitive and attract visitors. This includes understanding what customers want from their experiences and tailoring offerings accordingly.

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Factors influencing tourism responses

Businesses can use factors like media coverage and customer preferences to develop innovative tourism products and services that appeal to a wider audience.

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Study Notes

8 Key Topics for Study

  •  There are 8 topics to learn
  •  These topics include 9 Sectors, Types of Tourism & Travel, Ownership & Aims, Statistics (Scale & Visitor Numbers), Interrelationships, Technology, GDP & Multiplier Effect & Employment, and Factors & Responses

9 Sectors

  •  This is one of the 8 major study topics

Types of Tourism & Travel

  •  Domestic tourism – holidays and trips in one's own country
  •  Outbound tourism – travelling to a different country for a visit or holiday
  •  Inbound tourism – visitors from overseas coming into the country

Ownership & Aims

  •  Public – owned/funded by the government; staffed by paid employees but possibly volunteers
  •  Aims – to provide service to the public, spend funds appropriately, maintain best quality service, financially break-even, and maintain service levels to reinvest profit for improving services
  •  Private – owned by individuals or companies; public limited company (PLC); small to medium-sized enterprise (SME); staffed by paid employees
  •  Aims – usually financial; make profit, increase market share, increase turnover; improve/maintain image; increase/diversify product/services

Statistics (Scale & Visitor Numbers)

  • No memorization needed for this topic
  • Students need to understand/apply techniques for answering questions about this topic
  • Information is presented in a table format that students can analyze

Interrelationships

  •  Distribution channels – how consumers get the product (online, high street, etc.)
  •  Interrelationships – organizations working together for mutual benefit
  •  Interdependencies – organizations relying on each other for better products/services

Technology

  •  E-brochures/websites, reviews/blogs/virtual tours, mailshots/popups/adverts, emailing tickets/vouchers, and apps for mobile/digital devices
  •  Technology in visitor attractions – multimedia, presentations, animatronics
  •  Technology at transport hubs & gateways - self-service check-in, body scanners
  •  Technology in accommodation - check-in, in-room entertainment, information
  •  Technology in travel, tour, and transport agencies - e-ticketing and m-ticketing

GDP & Multiplier Effect & Employment

  •  GDP – Gross Domestic Product, total amount of products and services produced in a country in a year
  •  Multiplier effect – direct spending by tourists, circulated throughout the economy on indirect products like retail and hospitality; impact on direct and indirect employment.
  • Direct employment in one of the 9 sectors
  • Indirect employment - jobs

Factors & Responses

  •  Development and innovation (e.g., larger/faster transport, airport growth)
  •  Media factors (e.g., increased TV coverage, social media)
  •  Social factors (e.g., changing family, grey market)
  •  Safety and security (e.g., terrorism)
  •  Environment and climate (e.g., climate change)
  •  Customer responses - e.g. good customer service, range of products, financial protection, technology, faster & more efficient service, safety, and security

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Description

Explore the 8 key topics crucial for tourism studies, including the 9 sectors, types of tourism, ownership models, and related aims. Understand how statistics, technology, and the economy play vital roles in tourism. This quiz will help you grasp essential concepts and their interrelationships.

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