Mongol Expansion Notes PDF
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This document provides notes on the Mongol Empire's expansion and conquest, with a focus on their interactions with China, particularly during the Yuan Dynasty. It touches on the Mongols' nomadic lifestyle, unification under Genghis Khan, and the impact they had on trade routes and cultural exchange. It also discusses the effects on China, including Kublai Khan's role and the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty.
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1. Mongol Expansion -The Mongols developed skills necessary for a nomadic lifestyle a.Horse riding b.Fighting skills -Genghis Khan set out to unify the Mongol clans a.Created a new law code b.Group of clan chiefs -The Mongols conquered clans in the steppes and soon major...
1. Mongol Expansion -The Mongols developed skills necessary for a nomadic lifestyle a.Horse riding b.Fighting skills -Genghis Khan set out to unify the Mongol clans a.Created a new law code b.Group of clan chiefs -The Mongols conquered clans in the steppes and soon major civilizations a.New recruits for army b.Clans paid tribute -After Genghis Khan died the territory was divided into Khanates a.The East khanate was controlled by Kublai Khan A.Focussed on controlling China -The Mongols brought damage and stability to the lands they conquered a.Encouraged trade and closer contact between Asia and Europe b.Taxed products -Mongols tolerated all beliefs and cultures and even adopted some a.Learned about gunpowder from the Chinese 2. Mongol Conquest of China -Kublai Khan established his capital in Khanbaliq in northern China -Kublai Khan brought an end to the Song Dynasty and finished conquering southern China a.Started the Yuan Dynasty A.Appointed Mongols as top leaders -The Mongols had their own language, laws, and customs, separating them from the Chinese a.Lived apart and did not interact with Chinese -The Yuan dynasty did not use civil service examinations -Government jobs were open to non-Chinese people -Mongols practiced Buddhism -China reached its wealth and power peak under the Mongols a.Mongols gained the Chinese people’s support -Marco Polo came from Venice and lived in Khanbaliq during Kublai Khan’s rule -Marco Polo was a privileged resident of China and was sent on trips to gather information -Yuan dynasty built ships and expanded sea trade a.Muslims and Europeans used Chinese discoveries in their homelands -Mongol armies advanced into Vietnam and Korea a.Korean officials (Koryo) remained in power because they agreed to Mongol control b.Mongols forced Koreans to build warships -Quanzhou was a major trade city located on a large natural harbor in southeast China a.Emperors of Tang, Song, and Yuan dynasties allowed foreigners to trade here b.Brought merchants from Arabia, Persia, India and Europe
