L10. Infection Prevention & Control.pdf

Infection Prevention & Control Patient Safety Lecture no. 10 COLOR INDEX Main Text Important Male Slides Female Slides Dr’s Notes Extra ...

Infection Prevention & Control Patient Safety Lecture no. 10 COLOR INDEX Main Text Important Male Slides Female Slides Dr’s Notes Extra  From Blackboard! Demonstrate the devastating effects of inadequate infection prevention & control in health-care settings Show students how they as individual members of the health-care team can help minimize the risks of contamination & infection to improve patient safety Knowledge requirement The main principles and methods for The extent of the problem HCAI prevention and control The modes of infection transmission The main causes & types of HCAI in healthcare settings Performance requirement How to apply standard precautions Adhere to other infection prevention and control measures as required is very important Apply principles of asepsis Be immunized against hepatitis B and other infectious disease Use and dispose of protective clothing and equipment appropriately Know what to do if exposed to blood or other bodily fluids Use and dispose of sharps properly Act as a role model for other health-care staff Educate community members as to how they can help to prevent infections Encourage others to use standard precautions to prevent and control HCAI (Health-Care Associated Infection) Understand the potential social, economic and emotional burden of HCAI on patients, and act accordingly Be able to discuss HCAI with patients and relatives with sensitivity and clarity This lecture was presented by Dr. Fahad Alrashed For the required reading from Blackboard click here  What Is The Urgency? As you know, here in infection prevention & control measures, we expect to see the spreading of infectious diseases within an organization/hospital. As a result, we need to treat the patient with the appropriate antibiotic so with time we create a species of bacteria that can not respond to treatment with this antibiotic (resistant) this leads to: Can no longer rely on antibiotics Infected patients: ○ Stay longer in hospital ○ Die (develop complication lead to death) Increased rates of nosocomial infections ○ Are treated with more toxic & less effective drugs ○ Are prone to surgical site infections Global Response: campaigns to decrease infection rates WHO “SAVE LIVES: Clean Your Hands” campaign Centers for Disease Control and Prevention campaign to prevent antimicrobial resistance in health-care settings Institute for Healthcare Improvement “5 million lives” campaign Main Causes of Infection Person-to-person via hands of health-care Personal equipment (e.g. stethoscopes, providers, patients and visitors personal digital assistants) and clothing Device contamination (e.g. ventilator associated pneumonia, central Airborne transmission line associated bloodstream infection, catheter associated UTI) (sneezing & coughing) Rare common-source Environmental contamination Hospital staff carriers outbreaks  Main Types of Infection Urinary tract Pneumonia infections usually Surgical associated with associated with infections ventilators catheters Blood stream infections Other sites, include GI associated with the use of device and other device an intravascular device related infection Environmental Cleanliness What do we need to do to reduce the chance of disease infection spreading? The environment: 1 Make sure that all the surfaces are visibly clean 2 Increased cleaning during outbreaks 3 Use hypochlorite and detergents during outbreaks Hand Hygiene to Minimize Spread of Infection Pathogens are most often transmitted from patient to patient through the hands of healthcare provider, so hand hygiene is single most important measure for preventing the spread of microorganism in healthcare sitting. So, when you need to adhere to hand hygiene, follow this steps: Before touching a Before clean/ After body fluid patient aseptic procedure exposure risk After touching a After touching a patient patient surrounding Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 1 Gloves 2 Gowns 3 Face masks & shield  Safe Disposal of Sharps Discard each Do not recap, Do not leave a Keep handling to needle into a Do not overload bend or break sharps' bin in the a minimum sharps' container a bin if it is full needles after use reach of children at the point of use What Students Need to Do Apply standard Be immunized Use personal precautions against Hepatitis B protection methods Encourage others to Know what to do if use standard exposed precautions Encourage Others to Participate in Infection Control Students may routinely observe staff who: 1. Fail to practice infection prevention 2. Fail to comply with hand hygiene and control recommendations practices Summary ◎ Know the main guidelines in each of the clinical environments in which you are working ◎ Accept responsibility for minimizing opportunities for infection transmission ◎ Let staff know if supplies are inadequate or depleted ◎ Educate patients and families/visitors about clean hands and infection transmission ◎ Ensure patients on precautions have same standard of care as others: frequency of entering the room & monitoring vital signs  MCQs Q1. What is the single most important measure for preventing the spread of microorganisms in a healthcare setting? C. Using personal D. Environmental A. Hand hygiene B. Wearing gloves protective equipment cleanliness Q2. Which of the following is NOT a main cause of healthcare-associated infections? A. Person-to-person C. Rare common B. Airborne transmission D. Food contamination transmission source outbreaks Q3. What is the safe disposal method for sharps, such as needles? C. Discard the needle A. Recap the needle B. Bend & break the D. Throw the needle in into a sharps' container after use needle after use a regular trash bin at the point of use Q4. Which organization launched the "SAVE LIVES: Clean Your Hands" campaign? B. Centers for Disease C. Institute for A. World Health D. Food and Drug Control and Prevention Healthcare Organization (WHO) Administration (FDA) (CDC) Improvement (IHI) Q5. What is the potential consequence of inadequate infection prevention & control in healthcare settings? C. Longer hospital D. Improved A. Increased patient B. Decreased healthcare stays for infected effectiveness of satisfaction costs patients antibiotic treatment Q6. Which of the following consider as Personal Protective Equipment? A. Gloves B. Gowns C. Face mask D. All of above A1. A A2. D A3. C A4. A A5. C A6. D For Anki cards click here  Team Leaders Aroub Almahmoud Remaz Almahmoud Lama Almutairi Team Members Farah Abukhalaf Nazmi M Alqutub Aljoharah Alkhalifah Areej Alquraini Aleen Alkulyah Moath Alhudaif Aryam Almsari Rahaf Alshowihi Mohammed Alqutub Sarah Alshahrani Aishah Boureggah Raghad Alqhatani Sultan Albaqami Lama Alotaibi Lama Alrushid Sarah Alajaji Haya Alzeer Faris Alzahrani [email protected]