JP - 08.02.2025 PDF Vocabulary Definitions

JP - 08.02.2025 08 February 2025 04:38 Resent (v): To feel angry about something that is unfair. (It sometimes comes with strong emotional responses, like feeling hurt or offended.) Condemn (v): To express strong disapproval of something or someone, often in a public way, because you believe i...

JP - 08.02.2025 08 February 2025 04:38 Resent (v): To feel angry about something that is unfair. (It sometimes comes with strong emotional responses, like feeling hurt or offended.) Condemn (v): To express strong disapproval of something or someone, often in a public way, because you believe it is wrong, harmful, or immoral. (It can also mean to declare something as unacceptable.) Superstitious: Believing in or influenced by superstitions, which are irrational beliefs that certain actions or events can cause specific outcomes. Conservative: Holding traditional attitudes and values, resistant to change or innovation. Estuary: The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream. Pitch-black: Completely dark; without any light. Choppy: (Of a body of water) having many small waves; rough. Faint: Barely perceptible; lacking strength or clarity. Mesmerizing: Capturing one's complete attention; spellbinding. Flicker: To shine unsteadily; to flash intermittently. Unison: Simultaneous performance or utterance of action or speech. Abdomen: The part of the body containing the digestive organs; in insects, the posterior part of the body. Emit: To produce and discharge something, especially gas or radiation. Discrete: Individually separate and distinct. Bioindicators: Organisms used to monitor the health of an environment or ecosystem. Degradation: The process of something being damaged or deteriorated. JP Page 1 Anthropogenic: (Of environmental pollution and pollutants) originating from human activity. Drought: A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water. Delve: To research or make inquiries into something. Fascinating: Extremely interesting or charming. Synchronize: To occur at the same time or rate. Habitat: The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. Bioluminescence – The emission of light by living organisms, such as fireflies and certain deep- sea creatures. Enigmatic – Mysterious, difficult to understand or explain. Resilient – Able to recover quickly from difficulties or adapt to change. Translucent – Allowing some light to pass through but not completely clear. Nocturnal – Active at night. Pulsating – Expanding and contracting rhythmically, like a heartbeat or flashing light. Meticulous – Extremely careful and precise. Ephemeral – Lasting for a very short time; fleeting. Undulating – Moving in a smooth, wave-like motion. Predominantly – Mainly; for the most part. Diminish – To become smaller or less in importance. Intricate – Very detailed or complicated. Fluctuate – To change or vary irregularly. Vulnerability – The quality of being exposed to harm or danger. Irreplaceable – Impossible to replace if lost or destroyed. Intermittent – Occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous. JP Page 2 Intermittent – Occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous. Symbiotic – A relationship where two organisms depend on each other for survival. Catalyst – Something that causes or speeds up a significant change or reaction. Fragmentation – The process of breaking into smaller parts. Coexistence – The ability to live together peacefully. Spectacle – A visually striking display or performance. Illuminate – To light up or make something clear. Converge – To come together from different directions. Dwindling – Gradually reducing in size, amount, or strength. Synchrony – The state of happening at the same time. Decipher – To interpret or understand something complex or unclear. Inhabitant – A person or animal that lives in a particular place. Tangible – Something real and able to be touched or measured. Perturb – To disturb or unsettle. Proliferation – A rapid increase in numbers. Obscure – Not well known or difficult to understand. Ecosystem – A community of interacting organisms and their environment. Vitality – The state of being strong and full of energy. Subtle – Delicate or difficult to notice. Harmonious – Forming a pleasing or consistent whole. Persist – To continue despite challenges. Conservation – The protection and preservation of natural resources. Reverberate – To echo or have a lasting impact. JP Page 3 Reverberate – To echo or have a lasting impact. Infinitesimal – Extremely small. Intrinsic – Belonging naturally; essential. Phrasal verbs: Light up – To illuminate or make something brighter. Example: Fireflies light up the night sky with their bioluminescence. Give off – To emit or release something (light, heat, smell, etc.). Example: Fireflies give off a soft, glowing light to communicate with each other. Die out – To become extinct or disappear completely. Example: Some firefly species are at risk of dying out due to habitat loss. Fade away – To gradually disappear. Example: The glow of fireflies fades away after a few seconds. Take over – To become dominant or replace something else. Example: Artificial lights are taking over the natural darkness that fireflies need to thrive. Break down – To decompose or disintegrate. Example: Scientists study how fireflies' bioluminescence breaks down over time. Look into – To investigate or research something. Example: Researchers are looking into why fireflies synchronize their flashes. Bring about – To cause something to happen. Example: Urbanization has brought about a decline in firefly populations. Cut down – To reduce or decrease something (often trees or forests). Example: Cutting down trees in wetlands destroys the fireflies' natural habitat. Run out (of) – To use up a supply of something until it is gone. Turn on – To activate or start something. Example: Fireflies turn on their light using a chemical reaction in their bodies. Turn off – To deactivate or stop something. Example: The firefly’s glow turns off when the chemical reaction stops. Catch on – To become popular or understood. JP Page 4 Catch on – To become popular or understood. Example: Scientists are catching on to the importance of studying fireflies for medical research. Carry out – To conduct or perform an action. Example: Researchers are carrying out experiments to understand fireflies' flashing patterns. Step up – To increase effort or action. Example: Conservationists need to step up efforts to protect firefly habitats. Set off – To trigger or cause something to happen. Example: A single flash from a firefly can set off a chain reaction of synchronized blinking. Wipe out – To completely destroy or eliminate something. Example: Pollution and deforestation are wiping out firefly populations in some areas. Slow down – To decrease speed or intensity. Example: The flashing of fireflies slows down as temperatures drop. Make up – To comprise or form part of something. Example: Fireflies make up an important part of the ecosystem by serving as bioindicators. Blend in – To match or mix well with surroundings. Turn on – To activate or start something. Example: Fireflies turn on their light using a chemical reaction in their bodies. Turn off – To deactivate or stop something. Example: The firefly’s glow turns off when the chemical reaction stops. Catch on – To become popular or understood. Example: Scientists are catching on to the importance of studying fireflies for medical research. Carry out – To conduct or perform an action. Example: Researchers are carrying out experiments to understand fireflies' flashing patterns. Step up – To increase effort or action. Example: Conservationists need to step up efforts to protect firefly habitats. Set off – To trigger or cause something to happen. Example: A single flash from a firefly can set off a chain reaction of synchronized blinking. Wipe out – To completely destroy or eliminate something. Example: Pollution and deforestation are wiping out firefly populations in some areas. Slow down – To decrease speed or intensity. JP Page 5 Slow down – To decrease speed or intensity. Example: The flashing of fireflies slows down as temperatures drop. Make up – To comprise or form part of something. Example: Fireflies make up an important part of the ecosystem by serving as bioindicators. Blend in – To match or mix well with surroundings. Example: Fireflies blend in with their environment during the day, making them hard to spot. Set up – To establish or prepare something. Example: Scientists set up equipment to study the fireflies' flashing patterns. Come across – To encounter or find something unexpectedly. Example: While studying bioluminescence, the researchers came across some new firefly species. Take in – To absorb or understand information. Example: The mesmerizing glow of fireflies is hard to take in all at once. Look out for – To watch or be alert for something. Example: Conservationists are looking out for signs of firefly population decline. Pick up – To learn or acquire something. Example: The researchers picked up new insights into fireflies' mating rituals through careful observation. Put out – To extinguish or stop something from burning. Example: Bright city lights can put out the natural glow of fireflies in the area. Hold back – To prevent from moving forward or advancing. Example: Pollution is holding back the recovery of firefly populations. Go off – To suddenly start or explode. Example: The fireflies' synchronized flashing can go off at the same time, creating an amazing light show. Shut down – To stop something from operating or functioning. Example: Firefly flashes shut down when the energy for bioluminescence runs out. Bring up – To introduce or mention a topic. JP Page 6 JP Page 7 JP Page 8