IT111-Module-1.pptx

Introduction to Information Technology: The Future Now Chapter 1 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,...

Introduction to Information Technology: The Future Now Chapter 1 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Chapter 1 Topics UNIT 1A: The Mobile World, Information Technology, & Your Life Using Information Technology, 11e 1.1 Information Technology & Your Life: The Future Now 1.2 Information Technology Is Pervasive: Cellphones, Email, the Internet, & the E- World UNIT 1B: The Basics of Information Technology 1.3 The Practical User: How Becoming tech Smart Benefits You 1.4 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of Computers 1.5 Understanding Your Computer 2 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  UNIT 1A: The Mobile World, Information, & Your Life Using Information Technology, 11e As the result of developments in information technology, smartphones and tablet computers are changing nearly everything we do. Information technology refers to any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. 3 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  1.1 Information Using Information Technology, 11e Technology & Your Life The Future Now 4 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Two Parts of IT: Computers & Communications Information technology affects almost all aspects of our lives, including education, health, finance, recreation and Using Information Technology, 11e entertainment, government, jobs and careers, and your personal life. Part 1: Computer Technology A computer is a programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data —raw facts and figures—and processes, or manipulates, it into information we can use. Part 2: Communications Technology 5 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Education: The Promise of More Interactive & Individualized Learning Education has become heavily involved in information technology. Using Information Technology, 11e Information technology can be used for: Personalizing students’ education Automating tedious and rote tasks and managing classes Reducing instructors’ workload (course-management software) Graphical presentations (e.g., PowerPoint) What is misuse? Text messaging or emailing friends during class Surfing the Internet for entertainment Doing assignments for other classes Sharing answers 6 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Education: The Promise of More Interactive & Individualized Learning Online Learning, or distance learning, is Using Information Technology, 11e becoming common. Not all online schools/courses are accredited; students should check. Online courses are less expensive than traditional courses. Distance learning is available to students in rural areas. Tutoring, simulation, and avatars are also aspects of IT in education: 7 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Health: High-Tech for Wellness Computers are playing important roles in our personal lives. Using Information Technology, 11e Telemedicine: Medical care via telecommunications lets doctors treat patients from far away. 3D Computer models allow accurate tumor location inside a skull; X rays, MRIs, CT scans can be done remotely. Robots—automatic devices that perform functions ordinarily performed by human beings—permit precise microsurgery. Health websites provide medical information. Many health records are stored electronically. 8 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Money & Business: Toward the Cashless Society? Information technology is reducing the use of traditional money. Using Information Technology, 11e Virtual means something that is created, simulated, or carried on by means of a computer or a computer network. Virtual money includes cash-value cards, automatic transfers, and digital money “Electronic wallets” (e.g., PayPal) Electronic payroll deposit Online bill paying via debit and credit cards Micropayments for online products and to help charities 9 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Money & Business: Toward the Cashless Society? Smartphones are used for “showrooming” and shopping. Using Information Technology, 11e Technology can also be used to telecommute and to start businesses and earn money. 10 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Government & Electronic Democracy: Participating in the Civic Realmr Information technology is helping governments to deliver services and is affecting political activism. IT can help governments to improve services, including police services, which Using Information Technology, 11e use databases, computer systems with a collection of interrelated files. Online voting is becoming common. Information is easier to disseminate. Watchdog websites are growing. Easier fund raising from small donors. BUT: Gerrymandering is becoming easier—redrawing voting districts for partisan advantage. Voting machine problems can occur. Invasion of privacy is becoming an important issue. 11 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Jobs & Careers People now use computers to post résumés and find jobs. IT is used in starting new business ventures. Using Information Technology, 11e IT is used to prepare résumés and find jobs on many websites. To help find jobs, participate in social media and write comments on blogs (weblogs), frequently updated sites on the web intended for public consumption that contain a writer’s observations, opinions, images, and links to other websites. (But be aware of privacy issues and DON’T POST inappropriate pictures or text!) (Internet postings live forever!) 12 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Jobs & Careers Basic computer skills are needed for most jobs: Know how to use a keyboard. Using Information Technology, 11e Use email. Be able to use a word processor (usually Microsoft Word). Know basic spreadsheet and database software skills. Understand the basics of file sizes, computer memory limitations, and network arrangements. Know what the basic computer system components are. Discussion Question: Can anyone think of a career that does not require computer skills at all? 13 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Your Personal Life Computers are playing important roles in our personal lives. Online relationship sites, or online dating sites, Using Information Technology, 11e provide electronic forums that people may join in the hope of meeting compatible companions or mates. “Digital is embedded into the fiber of every aspect of our culture and our personal lives”– public safety and security; in the home; entertainment; finance; communications; traveling; shopping; medical care; and so on. Discussion Question: Can anyone think of an area of life NOT affected by IT? 14 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  1.2 Information Using Information Technology, 11e Technology Is Pervasive Cellphones, Email, the Internet, & the E-World 15 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  The Phone Grows Up The telephone is not what it used to be. 1973: First cellphone call Using Information Technology, 11e Mobile phone use estimated to rise to 7 billion users in 2014 Today’s smartphones can: Make voice calls Connect to Internet and web for all sorts of activities Send and receive text messages Take and send pictures and download music and video Obtain news and TV programs Scan special barcodes that take users to a website Provide maps Do research Pay for products and services 16 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Email’s Mass Impact Email revolutionized communication, and has many benefits, but in many areas it is being supplanted by Using Information Technology, 11e texting. Introduced in 1981 Reached 10 million users in about one year 1998 surpassed hand-delivered mail In 2013 about 144 billion messages per day In business, at least, email requires writing skills For personal activities, texting is replacing email Texting, or text messaging, is sending and receiving short written messages between mobile phones or other portable or fixed devices 17 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  The Internet, the World Wide Web, & the “Plumbing” of Cyberspace The net, the web, and cyberspace are not the same things. Using Information Technology, 11e Cyberspace Term coined by William Gibson in Neuromancer (1984) to describe a futuristic computer network people “plugged” into directly with their brains Now the term cyberspace encompasses not only the online world and the Internet in particular but also the whole wired and wireless world of communications in general. 18 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  The Net & Web Defined The Internet (the “Net” or “net”) is a worldwide computer network that connects hundreds of Using Information Technology, 11e thousands of smaller networks. These networks link educational, commercial, nonprofit, and military entities, as well as individuals. The World Wide Web (the “Web” or the “web” is an interconnected system of Internet computers (called servers ) that support specially formatted documents in multimedia form. (The word multimedia, from 19 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  UNIT 1B: The Basics of Information Technology Using Information Technology, 11e As the result of developments in information technology, smartphones and tablet computers are changing nearly everything we do. Information technology refers to any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. 20 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Using Information Technology, 11e 1.3 The Practical User How Becoming tech Smart Benefits You 21 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Being informed about information technology has practical payoffs. Using Information Technology, 11e Know how to make better buying decisions Know how to fix ordinary computer problems Know how to upgrade equipment and integrate it with new products Know how to use the Internet effectively Know how to guard against online dangers Know how computer knowledge can advance your career 22 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Using Information Technology, 11e 1.4 The “All-Purpose Machine” The Varieties of Computers 23 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines Computers come in different sizes; they also function as clients and/or servers. Using Information Technology, 11e There are five basic computer sizes. 1. Supercomputers 2. Mainframes 3. Workstations 4. Microcomputers 5. Microcontrollers © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  1. Supercomputers Supercomputers are used in very special situations. Priced from $1 million to over $350 million. Using Information Technology, 11e High-capacity machines with thousands of processors that can perform more than several quadrillion calculations per second. Faster and largest computer available. Used for government census, weather forecasting, designing aircraft, scientific projects, etc. The Titan (U.S.A.) computer is currently the largest supercomputer. The next supercomputer generation may use nanotechnology. 25 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  2. Mainframes Mainframe computers are used in many large businesses. Priced from $5,000 to $5 million Using Information Technology, 11e Process billions of instructions per second Size is dependent on the use Water-cooled or air-cooled Used to be called midsize computers Used by banks, airlines, colleges, and the like for millions of transactions 26 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  3. Workstations Workstations are used for graphics, special effects, and certain professional applications. Using Information Technology, 11e Expensive, powerful personal computers Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) applications Used for designing cars, drugs, movie special effects Are usually connected to a network 27 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  4. Microcomputers Microcomputers are used by individuals as well as businesses, and Using Information Technology, 11e they can be connected to networks of larger computers. There are many types of microcomputers. Personal computers that cost $500 to over $5,000 Used either stand-alone or in a network Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks (laptops), netbooks, tablets, mobile devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and e-readers 28 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Types of Microcomputers (1) Desktop and tower PCs Desktop Tower Using Information Technology, 11e PC PC Notebooks & netbooks Tablets © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Types of Microcomputers (2) Mobile devices & PDAs Using Information Technology, 11e E-readers Also called embedded computers, microcontrollers are tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and automobiles They are in microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, keyboards, car systems, etc. © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Servers The word server describes the way a computer— whether mainframe, workstation, or PC—is used. Using Information Technology, 11e A server, or network server , is a central computer that holds collections of data (databases) and programs for connecting or supplying services to PCs, workstations, and other devices, which are called clients. These clients are linked by a wired or wireless network. The entire network is called a client-server network. Purpose: Hold data and programs for clients to access and to supply services for clients. 31 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Using Information Technology, 11e 1.5 Understanding Your Computer 32 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  How Computers Work: Three Key Concepts All computer users must understand three basic principles: (1) Data is turned into information; (2) hardware and software have their own specific functions; and (3) all computers involve Using Information Technology, 11e input, processing, storage, and output, plus communications. 1. Purpose of a computer: Turning data into information Data: the raw facts and figures Information: data that has been summarized or otherwise transformed for use in decision making 2. Hardware vs. software Hardware = the machinery and equipment in a computer system Software (programs) = the electronic instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task (continued) 33 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  3. The basic operations of a computer: All computers use 4 basic operations + communications: Using Information Technology, 11e Input: What goes into the computer system Processing: The manipulation a computer does to transform data into information Storage: Primary storage, or memory, is temporary storage for data waiting to be processed (RAM) Secondary storage is permanent storage: media such as hard disk, DVDs, and CDs Output: What comes out—the results of processing, such as on the screen, printouts, sound Communications: Sending and receiving data 34 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Using Information Technology, 11e Panel 1.7 Page 29 35 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Customizing a Desktop Computer What would you need? Keyboard & mouse (input hardware) Using Information Technology, 11e Inside the system cabinet (processing & memory hardware) Case and power supply Processor chip – the central processing unit (CPU) Memory chips – random access memory (RAM) or primary storage Motherboard – the system board, the main circuit board, with expansion slots to plug in components 36 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. Using Information Technology, 11e Putting the component s together Panel 1.8 Page 31 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 38 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 39 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 40 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 41 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 42 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 43 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 44 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 45 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Storage capacity is represented in bytes Using Information Technology, 11e 1 byte = 1 character of data 1 kilobyte = 1,024 characters 1 megabyte = 1,048,576 characters 1 gigabyte = over 1 billion characters 1 terabyte = over 1 trillion characters 1 petabyte = about 1 quadrillion characters Exabyte (EB): Zettabyte (ZB): Yottabyte (YB): 46 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Output hardware Video Using Information Technology, 11e Sound cards Speakers Monitor Printer Communications hardware Modem 47 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Basic PC System Using Information Technology, 11e Panel 1.9 Page 33 48 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Software Computers use two basic types of software: system software and application software. Using Information Technology, 11e System Software—enables the computer to perform essential operating tasks and makes it possible for application software to run. Most important part: operating system (OS) Some operating system options Windows Unix Linux Mac OS 49 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Software Application Software—enables you to perform specific tasks—solve problems, perform work, Using Information Technology, 11e or entertain yourself. Compatibility: Application software is specific to the system software you use. Linux applications won’t work on Windows. Windows applications won’t necessarily work on Linux. © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  1.6 Where Is Using Information Technology, 11e Information Technology Headed? 51 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Computers are headed in three basic directions— Using Information Technology, 11e miniaturization, faster speeds, and greater affordability —and communications are improving connectivity, interactivity, and support of multimedia. 52 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  When Computers & Communications Converge: Five Results Convergence—combination of several industries Computers Using Information Technology, 11e Communications Consumer electronics Entertainment Mass media 1. Portability 2. Personalization 3.Collaboration 4. Cloud computing 5. Artificial intelligence 53 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Cloud computing basically means that instead of storing your software and/or data on your own PC or your own Using Information Technology, 11e company’s computers, you store it on servers on the Internet. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a group of related technologies used for developing machines to emulate human qualities, such as learning, reasoning, communicating, seeing, and hearing. Much of AI is based on the use of algorithms, formulas or sets of steps for solving particular problems. AI deals with Big Data, data that is so large and complex that it cannot be processed using conventional methods, © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.  Ethics Many important ethical issues are involved in the use of information technology. Using Information Technology, 11e Ethics is the set of moral values or principles that govern the conduct of an individual or a group. 3 ethical considerations resulting from development of IT: Speed & scale affect security and personal privacy Unpredictability—IT can be less predictable and reliable than other technologies Complexity—computer systems can be unmanageable 55 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.