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Internet of Things Welcome to our presentation on the Internet of Things, a rapidly evolving field with vast potential to transform our lives. Presentors Mark Angelou Idusma Cris Vincent Socorin Laurence Samson Justin Salcedo Topic Outline 1 Introduction to IoT 2 IoT Architecture 3 IoT Protocols and Standards Understanding the basics Exploring the core Examining of the Internet of Things, components of an IoT communication protocols its history, and key system, including devices, and standards that enable concepts. networks, and data IoT devices to interact with processing. each other. IoT Applications and 4 IoT Security and Privacy 5 IoT Challenges and 6 Use Cases Opportunities Analyzing security and Addressing the challenges Discovering diverse privacy considerations in and potential benefits applications of IoT across IoT ecosystems and associated with industries, from smart exploring mitigation widespread adoption of IoT. homes to industrial strategies. automation. 7 IoT Case Studies Examining real-world examples of IoT implementation, showcasing its impact and potential. Introduction to IoT 1 2 3 Connecting the Physical and Ubiquitous Sensors and Data Collection and Analysis Digital Worlds Actuators IoT bridges the gap between IoT devices are equipped IoT systems generate vast physical objects and the with sensors to collect data amounts of data that can be digital realm, enabling from the environment and analyzed to gain insights and communication and data actuators to control physical drive decision-making. exchange. processes. IoT Architecture Devices Network Cloud Platform Physical objects equipped with Infrastructure that connects Centralized system for data sensors, actuators, and IoT devices, including wired storage, processing, and communication capabilities. and wireless technologies, analysis, enabling applications facilitating data transmission. to access and manage IoT data. IoT Protocols and Standards Protocol Description MQTT Lightweight messaging protocol for constrained devices. CoAP Constrained Application Protocol designed for resource-limited IoT devices. Short-range wireless communication Bluetooth technology for device pairing and data exchange. Wi-Fi Wireless networking protocol for high-bandwidth data transfer. Zigbee Low-power wireless protocol for home automation and smart building applications. IoT Challenges and Opportunities Security and Privacy Protecting sensitive data and ensuring secure communication between devices. Scalability and Interoperability Managing the increasing number of interconnected devices and ensuring seamless communication between different systems. Data Management and Analytics Handling massive amounts of data generated by IoT devices and extracting valuable insights for decision-making. Innovation and Economic Growth Creating new products and services, fostering innovation, and driving economic growth through IoT solutions. Societal Impact Addressing societal concerns related to job displacement and potential risks associated with IoT technologies. IoT Security and Privacy Authentication and Data Encryption Authorization Protecting sensitive data Ensuring only authorized from unauthorized access users and devices can access during transmission and the IoT system. storage. Network Security Data Privacy and Compliance Implementing firewalls and intrusion detection systems Adhering to privacy to prevent unauthorized regulations and ensuring access and malicious attacks. responsible handling of personal data. IoT Applications and Use Cases Smart Homes Healthcare Home automation, Remote patient security systems, energy monitoring, wearables, management, and and medical device entertainment. management. Agriculture Transportation Precision farming, Connected vehicles, traffic livestock monitoring, management, and resource autonomous driving, and optimization. fleet optimization. Industrial Automation Smart Cities Traffic management, Optimized production environmental monitoring, processes, predictive infrastructure optimization, maintenance, and remote asset and citizen services. management. IoT Case Study: Smart City The city of Singapore has implemented an ambitious smart city initiative, leveraging IoT technologies to enhance various aspects of urban life, including transportation, energy efficiency, and citizen services. IoT Case Study: Industrial Automation Siemens, a leading industrial automation company, has developed an IoT-based solution that allows manufacturers to monitor and optimize their production processes in real-time, improving efficiency and reducing downtime. CONCLUSION The IoT is going to bring a revolution in the way we interact with the world around us, seamlessly connecting devices for smarter and efficient systems. With great opportunities across diverse industries, there are challenges to be overcome: security, privacy, and how to handle all this data. IoT is continuous development; in the near future, it will be marking the signature of our lives. Thank you for Listening. Link Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore Semantic Web Languages: Expressivity of SWL | SpringerLink MQTT - The Standard for IoT Messaging The Emerging Internet of Things - Centre for International Governance Innovation (cigionline.org) IoT Challenges and Opportunities | Coderus IoT Guides Design of rectangular façade modules through computational intelligence | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore Smart Nation Singapore Siemens Industrial IoT - Siemens Global NANOTECHNOLOGY GROUP B JOSE TULING JR ANGEL ROSE BITASOLO ROXAN JEAN LASTIMOSA RICO MARK NAPAROTA CONTENTS 03 04 05 06 INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND KEY CONCEPTS AND TOOLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES TECHNIQUES 07 08 09-11 12, 13 14 ETHICAL AND FUTURE PROSPECTS APPLICATION IN CASE STUDIES REFERENCES SOCIAL VARIOUS FIELDS (Local and IMPLICATIONS International) INTRODUCTION TO 03 NANOTECHNOLOGY Overview: ⚬ At the nanoscale, materials exhibit unique properties, combining principles from physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering to innovate and create new technologies. Definition: ⚬ Nanotechnology involves the science, engineering, and application of materials and devices with structures on the nanoscale (less than 100 nanometers). Importance: ⚬ It enables manipulation at the atomic level, leading to new properties and functions HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 04 Early Concepts and Theories Key Figures and Contributions: Milestones in Nanotechnology: The concept of nanotechnology Key ﬁgures include Richard Signiﬁcant milestones include the was ﬁrst introduced by physicist Feynman, who laid the theoretical invention of the scanning Richard Feynman in his 1959 talk, groundwork, and Eric Drexler, who tunneling microscope (STM) in “There’s Plenty of Room at the popularized the concept of 1981, which allowed scientists to molecular nanotechnology. The Bottom,” where he discussed the visualize and manipulate development of carbon nanotubes individual atoms, and the possibility of manipulating and graphene has also been discovery of fullerenes (buckyballs) individual atoms. pivotal. in 1985. KEY CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES 05 01 Nanoscale Dimensions: At the nanoscale, materials are measured in nanometers (one billionth of a meter). 02 Quantum Effects: At the nanoscale, quantum mechanical effects become significant. These effects can alter the electrical, optical, and magnetic properties of materials, leading to new functionalities. 03 Self-Assembly and Nanofabrication: Self-assembly is a process where molecules spontaneously form organized structures without human intervention. TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) 06 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) Nanolithography is a type of scanning probe microscope used for Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning imaging surfaces at the atomic level. Its Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a method of force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution fabricating nanometer-scale patterns. It is a development in 1981 earned its inventors, Gerd type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with simple nanolithography process with low cost, high throughput Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, then at IBM Zürich, and high resolution. It creates patterns by mechanical demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986. deformation of imprint resist and subsequent processes. The of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than imprint resist is typically a monomer or polymer formulation that the optical diffraction limit. is cured by heat or UV light during the SCANNING TUNNELING imprinting. Adhesion between the resist and the template is controlled to allow proper release. MICROSCOPE Atomic Force Microscope (https://www.youtube.com/watc Nanoimprint Lithography https://www.youtube.com/wat ETHICAL AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS 07 Health and Safety Regulatory and Ethical Concerns Issues Lack of Standardization Risk to human health Ethical Dilemmas Workplace Safety Public Perception and Trust Uncertain Long-Term Effects Ecotoxicity Environmental Bioaccumulation Impact Waster Management FUTURE PROSPECTS 08 Emerging Trends Nanotechnology is continuously evolving, with new trends such as nanorobotics, nanosensors, and advanced nanomaterials emerging. These trends have the potential to revolutionize various industries. Potential Breakthroughs Future breakthroughs in nanotechnology could lead to significant advancements in medicine, electronics, energy, and materials science. For example, developing more efficient drug delivery systems or creating new forms of renewable energy. Long-term Vision Includes creating sustainable and efficient technologies that address global challenges such as climate change, healthcare, and energy. MEDICINE APPLICATION IN VARIOUS FIELDS Drug Delivery Systems: Nanotechnology enables the creation of nanoparticles that can deliver drugs directly to targeted cells, improving the efficacy and reducing side effects. Cancer Treatment: Nanotechnology offers new methods for cancer treatment, such as using gold nanoparticles to target and destroy cancer cells with heat when exposed to infrared light. This method minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Diagnostic Tools: Nanoscale sensors and imaging agents can detect diseases at much earlier stages. 09 MEDICINE Drug Delivery Systems: nanoparticles that can de the efficacy and reducing Cancer Treatment: Nano treatment, such as using cancer cells with heat wh minimizes damage to sur Diagnostic Tools: Nanos diseases at much earlier Nanotech and Medicine 09 ELECTRONICS APPLICATION IN VARIOUS FIELDS Nanoelectronics: Nanotechnology is revolutionizing electronics by enabling the development of smaller, faster, and more efficient components. For example, transistors made from carbon nanotubes can significantly enhance the performance of electronic devices. Quantum Computing: Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in the development of quantum computers, which use quantum bits (qubits) to perform complex calculations much faster than classical computers. This has the potential to solve problems that are currently intractable. 10 Flexible Electronics: Nanomaterials like graphene and conductive polymers are used to create flexible electronic devices, such as bendable smartphones and wearable sensors. These materials maintain their APPLICATION IN VARIOUS FIELDS ENERGY 11 Solar Cells: Nanotechnology enhances the efficiency of solar cells by using nanomaterials to capture more sunlight and convert it into electricity. For example, quantum dots can be used to create solar cells that are more efficient and less expensive than traditional ones. Batteries: Nanotechnology improves battery performance by increasing energy density and reducing charging times. Nanomaterials like silicon nanowires can be used in lithium-ion batteries to store more energy and extend battery life. Fuel Cells: Nanotechnology helps in developing more efficient and durable fuel cells, which convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Nanocatalysts can increase the efficiency of fuel cells and reduce the ENERGY 11 Solar Cells: Nanotechnology enhanc using nanomaterials to capture more electricity. For example, quantum dot that are more efficient and less expen Batteries: Nanotechnology improves energy density and reducing charging nanowires can be used in lithium-ion extend battery life. Fuel Cells: Nanotechnology helps in Paper-thin solar cell can turn any surface into a durable fuel cells, which convert chem power source Nanocatalysts can increase the effici NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES: STATUS AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT ISSUES Nanotechnology is an emerging multidisciplinary field dealing with the manipulation of materials in the nanoscale to elicit new and unique properties. Despite the common notion that the field is in its infancy and is currently classified as an emerging field of study, it is not new as the scientific community already conducted several kinds of research encompassing nanoscience phenomena BORCELLE decades ago, and nanoparticles have existed in nature since time immemorial. 12 PROGRESSING NANOTECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE TARGETED CANCER TREATMENT: OVERCOMING HURDLES IN ITS CLINICAL IMPLEMENTATION” Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment: Nanocarriers: Target tumors selectively, improve drug delivery, spare healthy tissue. Imaging: Enhance early cancer detection. Challenges in Clinical Practice: 01 02 Biocompatibility Stability & Drug Release: Ensure safety, assess Balance stability and efﬁcient drug toxicity. release at tumors. 03 04 05 Immune Clinical Trials: Cost & Scalability Validate safety and Address production Response: Avoid nanoparticle efﬁcacy, gain challenges and 13 clearance by the immune regulatory approval. affordability. system. REFERENCES: Nanotechnology. (n.d.). https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/nanotechnology/ VIDEOS a. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). (2022, December 9). Paper-thin solar cell can turn any surface into a power source [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TS9ADU0oc50 b. 4-H. (2014, August 19). Nanotech and medicine [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9-cii9aOeE THANK'S FOR c. Canon. (2023, February 26). Nanoimprint Lithography (Canon Official) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UATjUgzGTl4 d. La Physique Autrement. [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/@vulgarisation WATCHING CASE STUDIES a. Chehelgerdi, M., Chehelgerdi, M., Allela, O. Q. B., Pecho, R. D. C., Jayasankar, N., Rao, D. P., Thamaraikani, T., Vasanthan, M., Viktor, P., Lakshmaiya, N., Saadh, M. J., Amajd, A., Abo-Zaid, M. A., Castillo-Acobo, R. Y., Ismail, A. H., Amin, A. H., & Akhavan-Sigari, R. (2023). Progressing nanotechnology to improve targeted cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in its clinical implementation. Molecular Cancer, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-023-01865-0 14 BSCpE 4B - GROUP C ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING/ DEEP LEARNING JULAPONG, VIOLY JOY JASPE, YMIR LOUIE MANGAMPO, SHIENA TADIAR, PAUL ANDRE Introduction Deﬁnition & Types of Artiﬁcial TOPIC Intelligence Applications of Artiﬁcial Intelligence Deﬁnition & Types of Machine CONTENTS Learning Deﬁnition & Types of Deep Learning OUTLINE Applications of Deep Learning Commercial Applications of Artiﬁcial Intelligence Case Study Summary WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior. In essence, it's about creating systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence. IN IT’S BROADEST SENSE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS INTELLIGENCE EXHIBITED BY COMPUTER SYSTEMS TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Narrow AI Artiﬁcial General Intelligence Artiﬁcial Superintelligence Reactive Machine AI Limited Memory AI Theory of Mind AI Self-Aware AI APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) and computer science that focuses on the using data and algorithms to enable AI to imitate the way that humans learn, gradually improving its accuracy. TYPES OF MACHINE LEARNING Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning Semi-Supervised Learning Reinforcement Learning Self-Supervised Learning Multi-Task Learning WHAT IS DEEP LEARNING Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses multilayered neural networks, called deep neural networks, to simulate the complex Neural Network is a method in AI that teaches decision-making power of the human brain. Some computers to process data in a way that is form of deep learning powers most of the inspired by the human brain. artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) applications in our lives today. TYPES OF DEEP LEARNING Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) Deep Reinforcement Learning APPLICATIONS OF DEEP LIMITATIONS LEARNING Data Customer Support Computational Power Medical Care Training Time Self-Driving Cars -Tesla -Apple -Nissan COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS A recommendation Artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) system is an artiﬁcial in ﬁnance helps drive intelligence Computer or insights AI vision algorithm, is a for datainﬁeld of usually computer analytics, associated science performance with that Artiﬁcial Intelligence healthcare can come in 3 Predictive machine analytics learning, that is the uses Big use of Data statistics to suggest andor focuses Natural on enabling language measurement, computers processing predictions forms: (NLP) andto identify is a branch forecasting, andof NATURAL modeling recommend techniques additional to products forecast futureto outcomes. consumers. FINANCE understand artiﬁcial objects and people in 1. Improving outcomes for both patients and to intelligence real-time (AI) calculations, that enables customer images and computers servicing, RECOMMENDER HEALTHCARE PREDICTIVE COMPUTER Current and historical data patterns areincluding examined LANGUAGE These videos. can comprehend, intelligent be based Like other types generate, data on various ofand retrieval, clinicalAI,and criteria, computer teams more. Itvision manipulate ishumanseeks a set of ANALYTICS SYSTEMS VISION and plotted past to determine purchases, search the likelihood history, that demographic those PROCESSING to perform and technologies automate that tasks language. enables 2. Lowering healthcare coststhat replicate ﬁnancial human services information, patterns and other will repeat. factors. Recommender capabilities. organizations In this to case, better computer understand 3. Beneﬁting population health vision seeks markets to and systemsboth replicate customers, are highly analyze useful the way and learnas humans they see, from help users and the digital way journeys, discover humans products make and sense services of what they they might see. and engage in a way that mimics human intelligence otherwise have not found on their own. MOST IMPACTFUL AI CHATGPT A chatbot and virtual assistant made by OpenAI, launched almost 2 years ago. Is a Generative Pre-Trained Transformer Credited with accelerating the AI boom. By January 2023, it had become the fastest growing application since the creation of the internet (100 million). LOCAL CASE STUDY The DOST-Advanced Science and Technology Institute-Automated Labeling Machine (ASTI-ALaM) Project is the DOST-ASTI component of the Philippine Sky Artiﬁcial Intelligence Program (SkAI-Pinas). INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY Tesla's Autopilot: An advanced driver-assistance system that introduces partial vehicle automation(Level 2) Tesla claims the features reduce accidents caused by driver negligence and fatigue from long-term driving IN SUMMARY REFERENCES https://asti.dost.gov.ph/projects/alam-project https://www.tesla.com/support/autopilot/ https://www.oracle.com/ph/artiﬁcial-intelligence/what-is-natural-language-processing/ https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-is-computer-vision#object-classiﬁcat ion https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/glossary/recommendation-system/ https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/predictive-analytics.asp https://www.zendesk.com/blog/ai-customer-service/# https://mcpress.mayoclinic.org/healthy-aging/ai-in-healthcare-the-future-of-patient-care-and-health-management/ https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/05/technology/ai-chatgpt-google-meta.html https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/feb/16/microsoft-openai-valuation-artiﬁcial-intelligence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ad79nYk2keg https://www.ibm.com/topics/machine-learning https://www.ibm.com/topics/deep-learning Augmented Reality Presented by: Ghea Y. Rosales Ma. Cristina Cano Kimberly Keith Autida Katrina Rolida Topic Outline AR Technologies 1 Introduction 4 i. Definition i. Computer Vision ii. Brief History and Evolution ii. SLAM iii. Projection-Based AR 2 How Augmented Reality works? i. Understanding Augmented Reality 5 The Applications i. Consumer Applications ii. How does it works? ii. Educational Application iii. Healthcare 3 The Types of Augmented Reality iv. Industrial Application i. Marker-Based AR v. Navigation and Travel ii. Markerless AR iii. Projection-Based AR 6 Case Studies i. Landmark and Tourist Spots Using Augmented Reality iv. Superimposition-Based AR ii. Forest Classroom: A Case Study of Educational Augmented v. Location-Based AR Reality Design to Facilitate Classroom Engagement What is Augmented Reality? A type of technology that allows digital images and information to be displayed onto physical environment. The history of AR 1960's: First AR System - Ivan Sutherland and his student Bob Sproull developed the first head-mounted display 1970s-1980s: Research and Theoretical Development - concept of overlaying digital information onto the real world emerged 1990's: The Term "Augmented Reality" - Tom Caudell and David Mizell at Boeing coined the term “Augmented Reality” 2000's: Early Commercialization and Expansion - Hirokazu Kato developed ARToolkit and the First AR-Enabled Mobile Phone was made. 2010's: Mainstream Adoption and Innovation - AR Glasses and Wearables became known. 2020's: ARKit & ARCore Advancements and AR Integration & Expansion Head-Mounted Virtual Fixtures Display system Google Glass The Augmented Reality... -AR is an enhanced version of the real world, achieved through the use of How does it computer-generated digital information. works? 1. Device 2.Camera 3.Digital Overlay 4.Display The Types of Augmented Reality Marker-Based AR Marker-based augmented reality experiences occur in response to a predetermined input into your smartphone or other device. Markerless AR The second primary type of AR is markerless augmented reality. Instead of a dedicated fiducial marker, markerless AR relies on data provided by geographic location, cameras, sensors like accelerometers or compasses, or even the time of day to determine how to respond. Markerless AR Projection-Based AR Projection-based augmented reality uses equipment to project images into a preprogrammed space. Users experiencing the AR are free to walk around and explore the space, but the projected images remain in the designated area. Superimposition-Based AR Superimposition-based augmented reality replaces one aspect or element of the visual field with something else or overlays an enhanced image onto the object. Location-Based AR Location-based augmented reality uses data from your device’s GPS, accelerometer, and other sensors to determine what image or information to show. AR TECHNOLOGIES Computer Vision Computer vision algorithms are at the heart of AR technology. These algorithms analyze the data from cameras and sensors to identify objects, surfaces, and environments in the real world. By recognizing and understanding the context of the real-world scene, the AR system can determine where and how to overlay digital content accurately. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) SLAM is a method used by AR systems to build a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously tracking the device’s location within that environment. This process is crucial for maintaining the accuracy of the digital overlays as the user moves through the real world. SLAM ensures that the augmented content remains in the correct position relative to the physical surroundings. Projection-Based AR This can turn any surface into an interactive display. It uses projectors combined with depth sensors and mapping technologies to overlay digital content onto real-world objects. IV. Applications of Augmented Reality AR overlaps digital content onto the real world. Using augmented reality, users still see and interact with their physical environments while experiencing supplementary digital information overlaid onto their field of vision. Augmented reality can be accessed on a mobile device through augmented reality apps, or with AR glasses. Here are several applications and examples; Customer Application Educational Application Healthcare Industrial Application Navigation and Travel A. Consumer Applications 1. Gaming Example: Pokémon Go 2. Shopping Example: IKEA Place B. Educational Applications C. Healthcare 1.Virtual Labs 1. Surgical Guidance and Patient care Example: Google Expiditions Example: Accuvein and AR medical Apps. Industrial Design E. Navigation and Travel Training 1.Enhancing Navigation Systems ⚬ Example: AR training models Example: Google Maps AR 2. Design Visualization 2. Tourist Information Example: AR in Architecture and AR Example: AR museum guides in Automotive VIDEO GOES HERE Real-Time Cases of Augmented Reality Applications in Daily Life 1. MEDICAL 1. WEATHER TRAINING BROADCASTING ⚬ At the Cleveland Clinic, AR ⚬ AR is used in weather broadcasts to headsets are used to teach provide interactive and immersive anatomy to medical students, weather reports, helping viewers providing a detailed and understand weather patterns better. interactive learning experience. CASE STUDIES THAT CASE STUDIES THAT USES USES AUGMENTED REALITY AUGMENTED REALITY Landmark and Tourist Spots Using Augmented Forest Classroom: A Case Study of Educational Reality by Ram Eujohn J Diamante Augmented Reality Design to Facilitate Classroom Engagement REFERENCES: https://www.coursera.org/articles/types-of- ar?msockid=3f221b0500ed655a07d50f0e01f964cb https://www.splashtop.com/blog/what-is-augmented-reality https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371304406_Landmark_and_Touri st_Spots_Using_Augmented_Reality https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/7/5/46 https://www.techtarget.com/iotagenda/definition/Google-Glass https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XLP4YTpUpBI&t=248s https://www.g2.com/articles/history-of-augmented-reality Virtual Reality Presented by: Carlojead Amaquin Rose Marie Suello Francis Ian Villacica Aaron Ranara Intro to Virtual Reality Content Outline History of VR. Types of VR. Features of VR Real Life Applications of VR. Case Study Introduction to Virtual Reality Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated environment that makes users feel immersed in a virtual world. It immerses the user in a digital world through headsets, controllers, and sometimes even haptic suits. Job Types for VR Professionals VR Designer and Developer Rigger Usually work on 3D renderings to create immersive digital A rigger creates the foundations for VR applications, worlds. automates animations, and works on body motion graphics. UX Designer VR Sound Effects Specialist A UX Designer works on developing and enhancing the A Sound specialist integrates and creates user experiences associated with the application. soundtracks as suited to the particular application. Design Architect A design architect works on the exterior and interior of the devices used for VR. Graphic Designers Graphic designers design the elements for print and digital Game Designer A game designer works on creating and designing games for mobiles and computers. The Evolution of Virtual Reality (VR): A Historical Journey From Early Concepts to Modern Innovations Early Concepts of VR 1935: Stanley Weinbaum’s story Pygmalion’s Spectacles – predicted VR with a device stimulating all senses. 1838: Sir Charles Wheatstone’s Stereoscope invention – first 3D images using binocular vision. Early VR Devices & Prototypes 1966-1968: Development of military VR simulators; Sutherland’s Sword of Damocles – first computer-based VR headset. 1956: Morton Heilig’s Sensorama – first VR machine combining 3D video, sound, and other sensory inputs. Interactive VR and Military Applications 1975: Myron Krueger’s VIDEOPLACE – first interactive VR platform. 1979: McDonnell-Douglas VITAL Helmet – integrated VR for military use; head tracker matched pilots' eye movements with computer-generated imagery. VR Enters the Market 1989: NASA’s Virtual Environment Workstation Project (VIEW) for astronauts. 1985: VPL Research – founded by Jaron Lanier and Thomas Zimmerman; coined the term “Virtual Reality” and developed VR gloves and goggles. Growth and Resurgence of VR 2012: Kickstarter raised $2.4 million for Oculus Rift. 1991: Launch of Virtuality – first mass-produced VR gaming systems. Modern VR Breakthroughs 2016: Rapid growth – hundreds of companies developed VR products. 2020: Launch of Oculus Quest 2 – global sales success. The Next Generation of VR 2023: Meta and Apple announcements of Meta Quest 3 and Apple Vision Pro. 2024: Apple Vision Pro release – widely anticipated but mixed reception due to high price. 5 Types of Virtual Reality Non-immersive Fully immersive Semi-immersive Augmented Reality Collaborative VR Non-immersive Fully immersive Non-immersive virtual reality is a virtual Contrary to non-immersive virtual reality, fully experience through a desktop. You can control immersive virtual technology ensures that you characters or activities within the software. have a realistic experience within the virtual Instead, users interact with the virtual world. environment through a computer screen Dota 2 Beat Saber Semi-immersive A Semi-immersive virtual reality is a mixture of non-immersive and fully immersive virtual reality. Semi-immersive virtual reality refers to experiences where the user does interact with a virtual environment with some senses (but not all) cut off, but is still completely aware of the physical environment around them. It does offer some aspect of a fully immersive VR experience, but not all. Augmented Reality Collaborative VR Augmented Reality is when a certain entity or This is a form of a virtual world where different device seems to be present in reality but is people from various locations can come into actually not. contact within a virtual environment, usually in the form of 3D or projected characters. Rather than putting you into a virtual world, a virtual entity is placed in the real world through any device. Pokémon Go Features Of Virtual Reality Immersive Experience Interactivity Real-Time Response Multisensory Integration Spatial Awareness Immersive Experience 360-Degree View: Users can High-Quality Graphics: Realistic look around in all directions visuals and sound make the virtual within the virtual environment. world feel lifelike. Interactivity User Interaction: VR allows users to interact with the environment using controllers, gestures, or voice commands, and real time voice chats. Real-Time Response Low Latency: Ensures that the system responds quickly to user actions, which is crucial for maintaining immersion. Motion Tracking: Tracks head, hand, and body movements to replicate them accurately in the virtual space. Multisensory Integration Visual and Auditory Feedback: High-resolution displays and 3D spatial audio provide realistic visual and sound experiences. Spatial Awareness Positional Tracking: The system tracks the user’s Room-Scale VR: Users can physically move within position in real-time, adjusting the virtual a designated area that corresponds to the virtual environment accordingly. environment. Virtual Reality in Real Life Application Virtual Reality Virtual reality is a simulated experience that can be similar to or a completely different from the real world. Virtual Reality in Healthcare Mental health therapy (e.g., Virtual exercises for physical Surgical training and simulation. exposure therapy for PTSD). therapy. Virtual Reality in Education Field trips without leaving the Enhanced understanding of Immersive learning experiences classroom complex concepts Virtual Reality in Engineering and Design 3D modeling and prototyping Architectural visualizations Product development and testing Virtual Reality in Sports Immersive viewing experiences Personalized perspectives Enhanced fan engagement Virtual Reality in Law Enforcement and Military Scenario-based training Tactical decision-making Risk-free practice Virtual Reality in Business o Virtual meetings and conferences Remote team collaboration Real estate virtual tours Conclusion VR is transforming multiple industries. Beyond gaming: VR's future in everyday life. The potential for growth and innovation. CASE STUDY International: Local: Virtual Reality Acceptance Simulating Culture in in Classrooms: A Case Study Manila during the in Teaching Science 19th Century through Virtual Reality 360 for Grade 7 Students The aim of this research is to This study will examine the explore the benefits of VR effects of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in education that can 360 in teaching Philippine engage the learning process using culture during the 19th century Virtual Reality (VR) in the classroom. to Grade 7 students. THANK YOU!

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