ICOM-REV_PRELIM.pdf

ICOM –LESSON 1– COMPUTING DEVICES Computing Devices- machine that uses binary data that automatically perform calculations. TYPES OF COMPUTING DEVICES: 1. Personal computer- design to prosecute one particular person(e.g Desktop, laptop) 2....

ICOM –LESSON 1– COMPUTING DEVICES Computing Devices- machine that uses binary data that automatically perform calculations. TYPES OF COMPUTING DEVICES: 1. Personal computer- design to prosecute one particular person(e.g Desktop, laptop) 2. Mobile devices- touchscreen to small notebook-sized mobile devices(e.g smartphone, tablet) *list of top 6 mobile operating systems ANDROID- used by many manufacturers make it a versatile choice. IOS- significant player in the premium smartphone market. KAIOS- features phone and low-end smartphones. Affordability(nokia) TIZEN- samsung operating system. HARMONYOS(hongmeng os)- developed by huawei. Linux- based custom roms: not an independent os. Custom android roms like lineageos. 3. Server- network computer that shares resources. Provide centralized access as well as storage such hardware like keyboard, mouse, printer. (e.g rack server: used in data centers, heavy-duty computing task. Tower server: resemble traditional desktop, optimized for server task. Blade server: compact server design to fit into a blade chassis. Efficient use of space/ resources. 4. Supercomputer- fastest and most expensive server. Used in research by hospitals, university governments to accomplish a single, specialized task. 5. Mainframe- large computer that can serve a large organization. 6. Other computing devices- gaming consoles, raspberry pi, calculators, e-reader. –LESSON 2– COMPUTER DEVICES Computer devices also known as computer hardware components that are physical parts of devices. INTERNAL COMPUTER COMPONENTS: 1. Motherboard- backbone for the entire computer. 2. Central processing unit(CPU)- computer chip where all the computer calculation takes place. 3. Random access memory(RAM)- volatile memory. Requires a constant source of electricity. Measured in small groups of data called “bytes". 4. Graphical processing unit(GPU)- also known as “graphics card" designed to accelerate the rendering of image and videos in the computer. 5. Network interface card(NIC)- provides network connectivity. 6. Optical drive- used for reading and writing optical disk(eg. CD/DVD drives or bluray) 7. Power supply- converts line voltage AC power from an electric outlet.  8. Expansion slot- printed circuit board that you install into the slot in computer’s system. 9. Cooling system- helps regulate the temperature of the CPU and GPU to prevent overheating. 10. Heat sink- transfer the heated air from the component to the fan. 11. Liquid cooling- designed to dissipate heat more efficiently than the traditional air cooling fan. 12. Storage devices- hardware components that used to store, access, and retain digital data/files. 13. HDD and SSD- HDD use magnetic spinning disk(platters) to store data. SSD use NAND flash memory cells. 14. Additional storage devices: external hard drive. USB flash drive. memory cards. optical disk. network attached storage(NAS) cloud storage. –LESSON 3– COMPUTER CONNECTOR Port is a hardware interface that you can use to connect devices to a computer. *GENDER Female- computer jacks are most often female(holes). Male- cable plugs are most often male(pins). TYPES OF COMPUTER CONNECTOR: 1. PS/2 PORTS- also referred to as mini-din connector. Round 6 pin port. Connector for an old keyboard, mouse. 2. SERIAL PORTS- personal computer connector that transfer data on bit at a time over a single wire. 3. PARALLEL PORTS- typically used to connect a printer to a system unit. 4. POWER CONNECTOR- “main power connector" supplying electrical power to computer. 5. USB PORTS- latest USB standard release. 6. FIREWIRE PORTS- high speed interface for peripheral devices. 7. THUNDERBOLTS PORT- an input-output connector developed by apple and intel. Display signal on a single cable. 8. AUDIO PORTS- audio/video connector. 9. VGA(video graphics array)- most commonly used for LCD monitor. 10. DVI(digital visual interface)- keeps data in digital form from the computer to display. 11. HDMI(high-definition multimedia interface). Interface between any audio/video sources.  12. ESATA connectors- External SATA(eSATA) connector for external storage devices. 13. RJ-45 PORTS- used on twisted pair-cable. Used in telephone system and network connectivity. 14. TR and TRS connectors- used in balance audio cables. High definition audio. 15. 3-pin XLR connectors- standard for balance audio cables 16. Radio corporation of America(RCA)- used to carry audio and video transmissions to and from a variety of devices. 17. Display port- digital display aims to replace DVI and VGA. –LESSON 4– PERIPHERAL DEVICES Peripheral is a device that connects to a computer to expand the computer’s functionality. Input Output Storage Share data Share data: eg. -Touch screens display -smartphones and tablets -headsets -game controllers -voice assistants - interactive whiteboards –LESSON 5– COMPUTER SOFTWARE Collection of instructions or program that tell the computer how to perform specific tasks. SYSTEM SOFTWARE- computer software that serves as an intermediary between computer hardware and application software. TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM: -Microsoft windows -macOS -Linux -DOS(disk operating system) -chrome OS -Unix APPLICATION SOFTWARE- generally written to run specific operating systems. *CLASSIFICATION OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE* 1. Productivity software word processing. Desktop publishing spreadsheet. Personal information manager(PIM) presentation. remote desktop database. pdf 2. Collaboration software online workspace. video conferencing document storage/sharing. instant messaging screen sharing. email 3. Utility software antimalware software firewalls disk cleanup and optimization 4. Specialized software computer-aided design(CAD). scientific graphic design gaming software medical. entertainment