Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems PDF

Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 1. One is not an imaging modality of the hepatobiliary system : A. MRI B. PTC...

Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 1. One is not an imaging modality of the hepatobiliary system : A. MRI B. PTC C. Triple phase (CT) D. abdominal ultrasound E. arthrography 2. Which is an indication for Ultrasound of the liver ? A. Jaundice B. backache C. renal stone D. hernia E. infants 3. Regarding the technique of Ultrasound of the liver : A. patient prone B. no fasting C. suspended inspiration D. linear probe E. left subcostal approach 4. Regarding Ultrasound of spleen.... A. normal adult size is 20 cm B. normal adult size is 6 cm C. normal adult size is 12 cm D. normal adult size is 18 cm E. normal adult size is 16 cm 5. From where do most primary liver tumors receive their blood supply ? A. hepatic artery B. hepatic vein C. portal vein D. all of the above E. none of the above 6. What technique used for opacifying the biliary tree in CT cholangiography ? A. MRCP B. 3D imaging C. cholangiographic agent D. CT E. EUS 7. What is generally preferred as oral contrast for pancreatic CT ? A. non contrast exam B. water C. iodinated contest D. barium E. Gadolinium 8. Portal phase scan time is after …. A. 25seconds B. 40 seconds C. 90 seconds D. 120 seconds E. 60-70 seconds 9. How do most liver metastases appear on T2-weighted images ? A. hypo intense B. isointense C. iso-hyperintense D. signal void E. bright -1- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 10. What is the minimum field strength required for liver lesion detection ? A. 1 T B. 1.5T C. 3T D. 23T E. 0.5 T 11. Which contrast agents are commonly used for liver MRI ? A. microbubbles B. iodinated contrast C. barium sulphate D. gadolinium E. gastrographin 12. What is the main purpose of MRCP ? A. islet cell tumors B. hemangioma C. pancreatitis D. biliary stones E. cholestasis 13. What has replaced the use of operative cholangiogram ? A. MRCP B. U/S C. multiphasic CT D. CT cholangiography E. arteriography 14. When is a postoperative T-tube cholangiography usually performed ? A. day 1 B. day 7 C. day 10 D. day 14 E. day 20 15. What size needle is used for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) ? A. 21 G B. 23 G C. 16 G D. 18 G E. 28 G 16. What type of contrast medium is typically used for an ERCP procedure ? A. 100 mg/ml B. 150 mg/ml C. 200 mg/ml D. 250 mg/ml E. 300 mg/ml 17. Which equipment is required for an ERCP procedure ? A. flouroscopy B. wires C. catheters D. iodinated contrast E. all of the above 18. What is the purpose of external biliary drainage ? A. relieve jaundice B. biliary stones C. treat sepsis D. prevent sepsis E. relieve hemorrhage -2- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 19. What is the indication for internal biliary drainage ? A. malignant stricture B. benigns stricture C. both a & b D. biliary trauma E. none of the above 20. What technique is used for the placement of a biliary stent in internal drainage of bile ? A. percutaneous transhepatic B. endoscopic C. laproscopic D. open surgical E. none of the above 21. Which imaging technique is commonly used for urological cancer staging ? A. CT B. MRI C. IVU D. U/S E. a & b 22. Which percutaneous procedure involves the insertion of a tube to drain urine from the kidney ? A. biposy B. cyst puncture C. nephrostomy D. lithotomy E. lithotripsy 23. Which imaging technique is used to evaluate renal tract calcifications ? A. plain radiograph B. arteriography C. venography D. radionuclide imaging E. MRI 24. What is the purpose of the immediate film in a IVU ? A. renal calcifications B. to show nephrogram C. to image the bladder D. to show ureters E. none of the above 25. When is compression contraindicated in a IVU ? A. recent surgery B. abdominal trauma C. large abd. Mass D. abd. Aortic aneurysm E. all of the above 26. What is the purpose of renal vascular interventional procedures ? A. renal obstruction B. patency of vessels C. infection D. perirenal collection E. none of the above 27. What is the recommended time for renal CT scan in order to prevent small lesions from being obscured ? A. 30 seconds post contrast B. 50 seconds post contrast C. 70 seconds post contrast D. 100 seconds post contrast E. 300 seconds post contrast -3- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 28. What is considered specific for a benign adenoma when measuring attenuation of adrenal mass ? A. less than 10 HU B. more than 20 C. more than 50 D. more than 100 E. none of the above 29. What percentage absolute washout is specific for a benign adenomas ? A. more than 10 % B. more than 30 % C. more than 50% D. less than 5% E. more than 60% 30. What technique is used in CT for assessing renal stone disease ? A. supine native CT B. IV & oral contrast C. thick slice D. high dose E. all of the above 31. What technique used to achieve renal collecting system distension in some protocols ? A. IV contrast B. compression bands C. retrograde approach D. all of the above E. none of the above 32. What is a significant consideration for a triple-phase CTU compared to IVU ? A. type of contrast B. patient positioning C. radiation dose D. all of the above E. none of the above 33. Which technique is to ensure appropriate timing of contrast injection in renal CT angiography ? A. oral contrast B. bolus tracking C. both a & b D. venography E. none of the above 34. What is the purpose of using T1-weighted scans in MRI of prostate ? A. post biopsy hemorrhage B. carcinoma C. calcifications D. all of the above E. none of the above 35. Which functional study included in multipara metric MRI prostate ? A. T2 B. SPIR C. DWI D. all of the above E. none of the above 36. What does the technique of excretory MR urography involve ? A. heavily T2 weighted B. angiography C. spectroscopy D. both a & c E. none of the above -4- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 37. What impact does high concentration of contrast agent have on MR urography ? A. no effect B. reduce signal intensity C. increase signal intensity D. none of the above E. all of the above 38. Where smaller children allowed to pass urine in micturition cyst gram ? A. standing B. on the table C. supine D. absorbent pad E. both c & d 39. How should boys micturate to allow spot films of the entire urethra ? A. oblique B. lateral C. anterior D. both a & b E. none of the above 40. What is the aftercare for patients after micturition cyst gram ? A. none B. hospitalization C. bed rest D. antibiotics E. both c & d 41. What is the indication for ascending urethrogram in male ? A. stricture B. congenital anomalies C. urethral trauma D. all of the above E. none of the above 42. What equipment’s used in ascending urethrogram in male ? A. foley’s catheter B. flouroscopy C. iodinated contrast D. all of the above E. none of the above 43. What equipment’s used in retrograde pyelography ? A. flouroscopy B. CT C. MRI D. U/S E. angiography 44. What is a contraindication for percutaneous renal biopsy ? A. hydatid cyst B. bleeding diathesis C. both a & b D. none E. recent surgery 45. When should HSG performed in a 28 day menstrual cycle ? A. between day 4 & day 10 B. between day 15 & day 20 C. between day 20 & day 28 D. between day 10 & day 15 E. no specife day -5- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 46. How is patient positioned during HSG ? A. prone B. sitting erect C. lateral D. supine, knees flexed E. none of the above 47. Which is not a complication of HSG ? A. pain B. syncope C. allergy D. infection E. hemorrhage 48. What is the purpose of insertion a draining catheter in the kidney ? A. releive obstruction B. injection of contrast C. removal of stone D. all of the above E. none of the above 49. What is a primary indication for CT of female reproductive system ? A. staging of cancer B. GIT bleeding C. renal stone D. both a & c E. none of the above 50. When is MRI used in endometrial & cervical cancer ? A. distant metsatasis B. local staging C. elderly patient D. all of the above E. none of the above 51. Equipment of PTC Chiba needle (a fine, flexible ______needle with stilette ,_________long) A. 18G_15–20-cm B. 22G_10–15-cm C. 24G_20–25-cm D. 22G_15–20-cm E. 18G_5–10-cm 52. indications of the ultrasound of the liver are right upper quadrant pain or mass and..... A. suspected portal hypertension B. staging known extrahepatic malignancy C. hepatomegaly D. all of above E. none of above 53. Limited to single lesion visualization per pass it is Disadvantages..... A. Ultrasound of the pancreas B. Ultrasound of the liver C. Ultrasound of the gallbladder and biliary system D. none of above E. all of them 54. Contrast medium of hysterosalpingography (HSG) …… A. (HOCM) or (LOCM) 150/200 mg I mL−1 20–30 mL. B. (HOCM) or (LOCM) 270/300 mg I mL−1 10–20 mL. C. (HOCM) or (LOCM) 300/370 mg I mL−1 10–20 mL. D. LOCM 150 mg I mL−1 20 mL. E. LOCM 200mg I mL−1 10–20 mL. -6- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 55. These are best seen using a transverse intercostal or epigastric approach …… A. hepatic veins B. portal vein C. hepatic artery D. all them E. none of them 56. One of the following methods of imaging the hepatobiliary system is most useful for detecting gallstones: A. Plain film B. Transabdominal ultrasound C. CT cholangiography D. MRI E. Radionuclide imaging with colloid 57. Which of the following methods of imaging the pancreas is more sensitive for detecting pancreatic calcifications ? A. Plain abdominal films B. Transabdominal US C. CT D. MRI E. ERCP 58. According to Hepato-biliary agent ? (gadolinium) A. Taken up by Normal B. Shorten T1 relaxation time C. Normal liver Shown increase signal in T1. D. All of above E. None of above. 59. which of the following method hepatobiliary system is invasive and Require contrast induction in to the Bile duct ? A. MRI B. PTC C. US D. Plain film E. CT 60. In children splenomegaly should be suspected if the spleen is... times the length of the adjacent kidney … A. less than 1.25 B. more than 1.25 C. more than 1.29 D. less than 1.35 E. Equal 61. contractions of the gallbladder on US may effect ? A. Fasting B. drugs C. Type of food D. All of above E. None of above 62. patient is…….. in ultrasound of the gallbladder and biliary system A. Erect B. prone C. АР D. Lateral E. Supine -7- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 63. lower common duct in ultrasound may impends by the following factors ? A. fat B. fluid C. gas in duodenum D. air in colon E. Blood 64. Distinction of the common hepatic duct from the common bile duct is not possible on …… A. radiography B. color- flow Doppler C. computed tomography (CT) D. ultrasound E. MRI 65. Patient Preparation of (ultrasound of the pancreas): A. There is no preparation B. Fasting for at least 6 h C. Fasting for at least 4 h D. Fasting for at least 2 h E. Nil by mouth 66. what the main advantage of multiphasic contrast enhanced in computed tomography for liver ? A. need oral positive contrast B. short scan time C. low the radiation dose D. It improve the detection and characterization of the liver lesion E. none of the above 67. what the characteristic feature of islet cell tamer and their metastatic of CT of the Pancreas ? A. Avoid enhancement on arterial phase B. Become isodense Portal phrase C. May contain clarification D. All of above E. None of them 68. A sign of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation on ultrasound is : A. The diameter of the duct is more than 40% of the accompanying portal vein branch B. The duct has increased reflectivity compared to the liver parenchyma C. The duct has posterior acoustic shadowing D. The duct has a smooth linear appearance E. The duct has a reversed flow direction 69. which of the following is technique that can be se suppressed fat Signal on magnetic Resonance image ? A. Fat suppression B. In and out phase imaging C. STIR D. Fat saturation imaging E. All above 70. According to MR pancreas which phase acquisition are best acquired Initial for Pancreatic islet tumor ? A. Coronal B. Axial oblique C. Sagittal coronal D. Coronal oblique E. Sagittal 71. What contrast used in MRI of liver and biliary tree…… A. Gadolinium B. Hepato-biliary agents C. Supra- magnetic iron oxide D. All of above E. NONE of above -8- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 72. Contraindications of CT of liver and biliary tree : A. Pregnancy B. Allergy to iodinated contrast agent C. Allergy to non-iodinated contrast agents D. both A&B E. none of above 73. Early and late arterial phase with portal venous phase is appropriate for patients with.... A. suspected hepatocellular cancer (triple phase) B. suspected hepatocellular cancer (single phase) C. liver tumors D. pancreas disease E. none of them 74. (Allergy to iodinated contrast agents) it is Contraindications of ……. A. CT Cholangiography B. CT of the Liver and Biliary free C. CT Of the Pancreas D. none of above E. all of above 75. Positive (e.g. iodinated) contrast may be given if necessary to opacify distal bowel loops but is contraindicated if ……. A. CT angiography is to be performed B. CT of the liver and Biliary Tree is to be performed C. CT of the pancreas is to be performed D. CT Cholangiography E. none of them 76. which of following is a feature of Diffusion Weighting Imaging ? A. based on the microscopic motion of water molecules B. very rapidly sequences C. provides additional in information about both lesion detection and characterization. D. All of above E. None of the above 77........ considered the definitive protocol for detection and characterization of typical cystic and cystic like structures and haemangiomas. A. CT B. enhanced MRI C. Unenhanced MRI D. X-ray E. None of the above 78. ….. can be given intravenously to temporarily distended the Pancreatic Ducts on MRI of Pancreas ? A. Water B. CO2 C. glucagon D. Secretin hormone E. non of above 79. …… This very rapidly acquired sequence forms an image based on the microscopic motion of water molecules and provides additional information regarding both lesion detection and characterization. A. Diffusion Weighted Imaging B. Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Liver Imaging C. TI-W GRE fat-suppressed volume acquisition D. T2-weighted spin echo (SE) E. none of above 80. The ideal procedures of Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging ARE ? A. metastatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma B. portal phase (hypo vascular malignancies) C. fibrosis D. equilibrium phase (cholangiocarcinoma, slow-flow haemangiomas) E. all of them -9- PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 81. What are the Contraindications of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ? A. cardiac pacemakers B. cochlear implants C. subarachnoid aneurysm ferromagnetic surgical clips D. retinal metal fragments E. all of above 82. in Intraoperative cholangiogaphy , After........ have been injected. Contrast medium should be seen to flow freely into the duodenum. A. 5 mL B. 10 mL C. 15 ml D. 20 ml E. 25 mL 83. Indications of Biliary Drainage...... A. Malignant biliary stricture B. prevent obstruction by a stone in the duct C. Benign stricture following balloon dilatation D. both A&C E. both B&C 84. as patient preparation of ultrasound of liver the fasting or restriction to clear fluids only required if the… A. gallbladder is also to be studied B. pancreas is also to be studied C. spleen is also to be studied D. none of above E. all of above 85. which of the following is best type of contrast media for Postoperative cholangiography ? A. HOCM 150 mg I mL–1; 20–30 mL. B. LOCM 150 mg I mL–1; 20–30 mL. C. HOCM 150 mg I mL–1; 60–80 mL. D. Both A and B E. Neither A and B 86. most common complication of Post operative cholangiography ? A. Septicemia B. Bile leak C. Obstruction D. All of above E. None of above 87. Ultrasound of the pancreas) The patient is …… A. prone B. supine C. R lateral recumbent D. L lateral recumbent E. none of above 88. contrast-medium laden portal venous blood has fully perfused the liver around.......... after the….. A. 60-70 s after the end of a bolus injection B. 40-70 s after the start of a bolus injection C. 60-70 s after the start of a bolus injection D. 40-70 s after the end of a bolus injection E. none of above 89. which of the following is not indication of urinary tract ultrasound ? A. Hypertension B. Mass C. Hematuria D. All of above E. NON of above - 10 - PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 90. Magnetization-prepared T1-weighted GRE. A further breath-hold technique with ….... sequential image acquisition. A. short B. very short C. long D. very long E. middle 91. …….. antibiotics used with MCU ? A. Trimethoprim. B. Buscopan. C. Glucagon. D. All above E. None of above 92. A common indication for ultrasound of the gallbladder and biliary system is: A. Suspected gallstones B. Suspected appendicitis C. Suspected diverticulitis D. Suspected renal colic E. Suspected ovarian cyst 93. ……. contraindication of ascending urethrogram for male ? A. Chronic renal failure. B. Allergic to contrast media C. Pregnancy. D. Acute urinary tract infection E. All of above. 94. Which one of that are indications of MR Cholangiopancreatography ? A. Investigation of obstructive jaundice B. Suspected chronic pancreatitis C. Suspected biliary colie/bile duct stones D. Suspected sclerosing cholangitis E. all of them 95. Indications of MRI of the pancreas: A. Staging of pancreatic tumour B. Suspected islet cell tumour C. Other indications are similar to CT D. all of above E. none of above. 96. Contrast Medium THAT can be used in Intraoperative cholangiogaphy: A. High osmolar contrast media (HOCM) B. low osmolar contrast media (IOCM) 150-i.c C. low iodine content to avoid obscuring any calculi: 20 mL D. all of above E. none of above 97. ……… contraindication for percutaneous renal cyst and punctured ? A. Bleeding diathesis B. Renal hydatid cyst C. Both A and B D. Neither A and B E. Obese patient 98. Contrast Medium that used in postoperative (T-TUBE) cholangiogaphy ? A. HOCM or LOCM 150 mg 1 mL-1; 20-30 mL B. HOCM or LOCM 170 mg I mL-1; 20-30 mL C. HOCM or LOCM 150 mg I ml-1: 40-50 mL D. LOCM 150 mg 1 mL-1; 20-60 mL E. LOCM 170 g 1 mL-1; 20-60 mL - 11 - PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 99. Indications of Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogaphy are...... A. Prior to therapeutic intervention B. Place a percutaneous biliary stent C. Dilate a postoperative stricture D. all of above E. none of above 100. when does the Chiba needle is inserted into the liver ? A. During respiration B. During suspended respiration C. Directly without instructions D. During shallow respiration E. none of above 101...... modality that can be used as guidance the needle insertion to the percutaneous renal cyst and biopsy ? A. CT and fluoroscopy B. X-ray and CT C. MRI and CT D. US and MRI E. CT and US 102. what the name of the technique that involve insertion of guide wire and sheathed to the collecting system of kidney through needle ? A. Hounsfield technique B. Burhenne technique C. Both A and B D. Seldinger technique. E. None of above 103. Advantage from using inclined axial imaging MRI of the uterus and cervix ? A. It increase image quality B. It increase signal-to noise. C. It Reduce se motion of bowel. D. To Provide accurate Local staging of uterine and cervical cancer E. None of above 104. Which symptom or condition is an indication for performing CT of the pancreas ? A. Epigastric pain B. Headache C. Knee pain D. Backache E. Hypo gastric pain 105. A contraindication for ultrasound of the liver is: A. Obesity B. Ascites C. Intestinal gas D. Metallic implants E. None of the above 106. One of the followings is considered as a reason to restrict fluids before an ultrasound of the liver: A. To reduce the risk of aspiration B. To enhance the visibility of the gallbladder C. To prevent motion artifacts from peristalsis D. To increase the acoustic impedance of the liver E. To decrease the attenuation of the sound waves - 12 - PixelDiagnost? Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems Hussein Shakir Abdzaid ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 107. Which of the following is a benefit of contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver compared to contrast-enhanced CT or MRI ? A. It provides higher spatial resolution B. It allows for dynamic imaging of the lesion C. It does not require ionizing radiation or nephrotoxic agents D. All of the above E. None of the above 108. Which of the following is a reason to measure the gallbladder volume on ultrasound before and after fatty meal ? A. To assess the presence of gallstones B. To assess the function of the gallbladder C. To assess the thickness of the gallbladder wall D. To assess the patency of the cystic duct E. To assess the size of the common bile duct 109. …….. common cause of hematuria that may require arteriography and it is embolization ? A. Cyst B. Infection C. Stone D. Tumor E. Trauma 110. Which of the following is a benefit of using gadolinium-enhanced T1weighted MRI for liver imaging ? A. It provides better contrast between normal and abnormal liver parenchyma B. It allows the assessment of the vascularity and enhancement pattern of liver lesions C. It enhances the diagnosis D. All of the above E. None of the above 111. The Indications of Ultrasound of the pancreas are …… A. Suspected pancreatic tumor B. Pancreatitis or its complications C. Facilitate guided biopsy D. Epigastric pain E. All of them 112. A characteristic of the normal gallbladder wall on ultrasound is: A. Hyperechoic B. Hypoechoic C. Isoechoic D. Anechoic E. Thin wall 113. Contraindications of percutaneous extraction of retained biliary calculi ….. A. Small T-tube (50 ms D. >10 ms E.