Health Science Government Agencies (Unit 5) PDF

Here's a comprehensive breakdown of the essential vocabulary and information related to healthcare systems: ### Types of Care in Various Facilities **1. Acute Care** - **Description**: Acute care refers to short-term treatment for severe injuries or episodes of illness, urgent medical condition...

Here's a comprehensive breakdown of the essential vocabulary and information related to healthcare systems: ### Types of Care in Various Facilities **1. Acute Care** - **Description**: Acute care refers to short-term treatment for severe injuries or episodes of illness, urgent medical conditions, or recovery from surgery. Facilities include hospitals, emergency rooms, and urgent care centers. **2. Behavioral and Mental Health Services** - **Description**: These services focus on diagnosing and treating mental illnesses and emotional disorders. Facilities may include psychiatric hospitals, outpatient mental health clinics, and residential treatment centers. **3. Ambulatory Care** - **Description**: This type of care is provided on an outpatient basis without admission to a hospital or other facility. Examples include doctor's offices, outpatient surgery centers, and community health clinics. **4. Home Care** - **Description**: Home care services provide medical and non-medical support to individuals in their own homes. Services may include nursing care, therapy, and assistance with daily activities. **5. Long-Term/Residential Care** - **Description**: Long-term care facilities provide care for individuals who need assistance with daily activities for an extended period. This can include nursing homes and assisted living facilities. **6. Nursing Homes** - **Description**: Facilities that provide residential care for elderly or disabled individuals who require assistance with daily living and medical care. **7. Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF)** - **Description**: These facilities provide a higher level of medical care than standard nursing homes, including rehabilitation services and care from licensed nurses. **8. Hospitals** - **Types of Care Available**: Hospitals provide a range of services, including emergency care, surgery, maternity care, intensive care, and outpatient services. Common units in hospitals include: - Emergency Department - Intensive Care Unit (ICU)  - Surgical Unit - Maternity Ward - Radiology Department **9. Medical and Dental Practices** - **Description**: Facilities that provide general and specialized medical and dental care, including routine check-ups, treatment, and preventive care. **10. Optical Centers** - **Description**: Facilities that offer eye care services, including vision exams, eyewear fittings, and contact lens services. **11. Emergency Care Services** - **Description**: These services provide immediate medical attention for urgent health issues, typically found in emergency departments of hospitals or urgent care clinics. **12. Hospice** - **Description**: Hospice care provides support and comfort for patients in the final stages of terminal illnesses, focusing on quality of life rather than curative treatment. ### Difference Between Inpatient and Outpatient Care - **Inpatient Care**: Refers to care provided to patients who are admitted to a hospital or facility for at least one overnight stay. - **Outpatient Care**: Refers to care provided to patients who do not require overnight hospitalization and can return home after treatment. --- ### Specialty Care Medical and Dental Practices **1. Cosmetic Surgery Centers** - **Description**: Facilities that specialize in elective surgical procedures aimed at enhancing appearance. **2. Orthodontics** - **Description**: Dental practices focusing on diagnosing, preventing, and treating dental and facial irregularities, primarily using braces and aligners. **3. Pulmonology** - **Description**: Specializes in diagnosing and treating lung and respiratory system disorders. **4. Surgical Centers**  - **Description**: Facilities that provide surgical services that do not require hospital admission, often for minor procedures. --- ### Governmental Agencies **1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)** - **Abbreviation**: CDC - **Headquartered in**: Atlanta, Georgia - **Mission**: To protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. **2. World Health Organization (WHO)** - **Abbreviation**: WHO - **Headquartered in**: Geneva, Switzerland - **Mission**: To promote health, keep the world safe, and serve vulnerable populations by directing and coordinating international health efforts. **3. US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)** - **Abbreviation**: HHS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Mission**: To enhance the health and well-being of Americans by providing effective health and human services and fostering advances in medicine, public health, and social services. **4. National Institutes of Health (NIH)** - **Abbreviation**: NIH - **Headquartered in**: Bethesda, Maryland - **Mission**: To seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health. **5. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)** - **Abbreviation**: AHRQ - **Headquartered in**: Rockville, Maryland - **Mission**: To improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for all Americans. - **Focuses on following areas of research**: Healthcare quality, patient safety, effectiveness of care, and healthcare costs. **6. America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP)** - **Abbreviation**: AHIP - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C.  - **Purpose**: Represents the health insurance industry and advocates for policies that promote affordable, quality health care. **7. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)** - **Abbreviation**: FDA - **Established in**: 1906 - **Responsible for**: Protecting public health by ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs, biological products, and medical devices. **8. Administration for Children and Families (ACF)** - **Abbreviation**: ACF - **Additional locations**: Various regional offices across the U.S. - **Responsible for federal programs**: Child welfare, Head Start, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and more. - **Mission**: To promote the economic and social well-being of families, children, individuals, and communities. **9. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)** - **Abbreviation**: CMS - **Established in**: 1965 - **Headquartered in**: Baltimore, Maryland - **Additional locations**: Various regional offices. - **Established as a result of**: The enactment of Medicare and Medicaid under the Social Security Act. - **Primary Responsibility**: Overseeing and administering the nation’s major healthcare programs. **10. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)** - **Abbreviation**: OSHA - **Established in**: 1970 - **As part of the**: U.S. Department of Labor. - **Established to govern**: Workplace safety and health regulations. - **Requires states to develop**: Their own occupational safety and health plans. - **3 legislature under OSHA to ensure healthcare workers are protected**: 1. Bloodborne Pathogens Standard 2. Hazard Communication Standard 3. Respiratory Protection Standard **11. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)** - **Abbreviation**: VA - **Established in**: 1930 - **Responsible for**: Providing services and benefits to military veterans. **12. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)**  - **Abbreviation**: PhRMA - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Advocating for public policies that encourage pharmaceutical innovation and access to medicines. **13. Surgeon General and U.S. Public Health Service** - **Abbreviation**: USPHS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Leading public health initiatives and serving as the principal health advisor to the President. **14. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)** - **Abbreviation**: BLS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating essential economic information, including labor market statistics. **15. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)** - **Abbreviation**: DHS - **Established in**: 2003 - **Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)**: - **National Incident Management System**: A standardized approach to incident management. - **National Preparedness System**: A comprehensive framework for preparing for and responding to incidents. **16. US Public Health Service** - **Abbreviation**: PHS - **Established in**: 1798 - **Responsible for**: Protecting and promoting public health through various initiatives and programs. **17. Joint Commission** - **Abbreviation**: TJC - **Responsibilities**: Accrediting and certifying healthcare organizations and programs in the United States. --- ### Professional Associations **Benefits of Participating in Professional Organizations** - Networking opportunities with peers and industry leaders. - Access to continuing education and professional development resources. - Advocacy for the profession and influence on policy-making. - Staying informed about the latest research and best practices. **Examples of Professional Organizations**: 1. American Medical Association (AMA) 2. American Nurses Association (ANA) --- ### Other Organizations and Their Missions **1. American Cancer Society** - **Mission**: To save lives, celebrate lives, and lead the fight for a world without cancer by funding research, providing support, and advocating for patients. **2. American Heart Association (AHA)** - **Mission**: To be a relentless force for a world of longer, healthier lives through education, research, and advocacy against heart disease and stroke. **3. American Red Cross (ARC)** - **Mission**: To prevent and alleviate human suffering in the face of emergencies by mobilizing the power of volunteers and the generosity of donors. **4. March of Dimes** - **Mission**: To improve the health of mothers and babies by preventing birth defects, premature birth, and infant mortality through research, education, and advocacy. --- ### Hospital Organization and Career Pathways Notes **Organizational Structure** - **Description**: Hospitals typically have a hierarchical structure, including administrative, medical, nursing, and support services. This structure facilitates efficient management, clear communication, and effective patient care. - **Variability**: Organizational structures can vary between rural and suburban hospitals, with rural facilities often having a more generalized approach due to limited resources. **Hospital Board Composition** - Hospital boards often include: - Physicians - Community representatives  - Financial experts - Healthcare administrators - Legal advisors **Administrative Careers in a Hospital** 1. Hospital Administrator 2. Health Information Manager 3. Chief Financial Officer (CFO) ### Career Pathways of Health Science | Pathway | Description | List 4 Career Examples | |---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------ | | Clinical Services | Direct patient care and treatment. | Nurse, Physician, Radiologic Technologist, Physical Therapist | | Health Informatics | Management and analysis of health data and information. | Health Information Manager, Data Analyst, Clinical Coder, Health IT Specialist | | Healthcare Administration | Management and leadership in healthcare organizations. | Hospital Administrator, Practice Manager, Health Services Manager, Medical Director | | Public Health | Promotion of community health and disease prevention. | Epidemiologist, Public Health Nurse, Health Educator, Environmental Health Specialist | Feel free to ask if you need more detailed information on any specific area!