Health Care and Insurance Systems in Turkey PDF

T.C. Basic Sciences Üsküdar University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry Health Care and Insurence System in Turkey Prof. Dr. Nilgün TEKKEŞİN The social security system in...

T.C. Basic Sciences Üsküdar University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry Health Care and Insurence System in Turkey Prof. Dr. Nilgün TEKKEŞİN The social security system in Turkey is composed of three different major organizations; Social Insurance Institution (SGK/SSK) Social Security Institution for the Self-employed (Bağ- Kur) (Esnaf ve sanatkârlar ve Diğer Bağımsız Çalışanlar Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu) Pension Fund for Civil Servants (Emekli Sandığı) Hospitals SSK Hospitals Teachers’ Hospital Police Hospital Railway Workers Hospital Loading… Postal Telegraph Workers Hospital MoH Hospitals University Hospitals Military patients Military Hospitals Private Hospitals  Social Security Institution (SSI) united under SSI(2005), and became infrastructure to Genaral Health Insurance, Green Card as an instrument of Social Policy covered needy and uninsured people from catastrophic health expenditures. (Some of members will be transferred to GHI with an income test)  SGK/SSK 4A SGK (formerly known as SSK) is a social security organization for private sector and blue-collar public sector workers. Loading… The law entitles all persons who are employed by a contract of service to benefit from social insurance and health care. Ministry of Health can do special contracts with University and Private hospitals in order for their members to use such hospitals besides the SGK hospitals.  SGK/SSK 4A SGK members are insured for work injuries and professional job diseases, medical care, illness, disability, and maternity. When the insured person paid all his/her contributions for a specified period and have reached a specified age, they're entitled for Old Age Pension. If the insured person dies, widow, children, or close parents of the deceased are paid for funeral expenses and get his/her Pension payments.  Bag-Kur 4B This institution covers the self-employed outside the coverage of the Social Insurance (SSK) Law. These would be craftsmen, artisans and small businessmen, technical and professional people who are registered to a chamber or professional association, shareholders of companies other than co-operatives and joint stock companies, and self-employed in agriculture.  Bag-Kur 4B Members of Bag-Kur can choose the step at which they make their contributions between scales of 1 to 24, being 1 the lowest premium payment level with certain medical care limits. They are covered for all outpatient and inpatient diagnosis and treatment. Bag-Kur does not operate its own health facilities, but contracts with other public providers, including the SSK hospitals.  Emekli Sandigi 4C This is a Government Employees Retirement Fund for retired civil servants, it also includes health insurance. Retired Government employees pay only a 10% co- payment for medical drugs and all the rest for their health care is paid by this Fund. There is no specific health insurance premium collected from active civil servants therefore this Fund has huge expenditures with very little control on it, it's completely financed by Government allocations only,  Green Card System The Green Card system was established in 1992 and is directly funded by the Government. Poor people earning less than a minimum level of income which is defined by the law, are provided a special card giving free access to outpatient and inpatient care at the state and some university hospitals, and covering their inpatient medical drug expenses but excluding the cost of outpatient drugs. The expenditure for the almost 11 million Green Card holders has exceeded Government allocations thus  Other Health Services Private health insurance is well developed in Turkey. Many people pay their premium to private companies besides their regular contribution to state insurance systems, in order to get a better quality health service if they're ill. Loading… Also private pension funds (known as BES) have been started some years ago and growing very fast. These private funds are usually private banks or big insurance companies that offer this service.  Other Health Services There are many pharmacies all over Turkey (Eczane in Turkish) which are concentrated especially near hospitals but also in every neighborhood. Certain drugs are sold with green or red prescriptions permitting the Ministry to control sale of some medicines, and there are also many sold over the counter (OTC) without the need of a prescription.  Red Crescent The Red Crescent (Kizilay), equivalent of the Red Cross, is a humanitarian aid organization and covers the widest range of welfare services in Turkey, especially in times of war or natural disaster such as earthquakes.  MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION His recovery is uncomplicated, and the results demonstrated on echocardiography are not considered worrisome. Mr. Öztürk is discharged from the hospital after 2 days and is referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program at the hospital.  MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION His hospital costs and the three new medications that he receives on discharge — an anticoagulant, a beta- blocker, and a statin — are covered fully by the Social Security Institution. He makes an appointment the following week to see his family physician and to receive a repeat prescription for the medicines, for which he pays 20% of the cost. He is seen in the university hospital outpatient clinic 6 weeks after his discharge, for which he incurs a small  PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH A healthy 23-year-old woman is pregnant for the first time. Ms. Kaya and her family have recently enrolled in the Green Card scheme and registered with the new family medicine center when she discovers that she is pregnant. At the center, Ms. Kaya meets a nurse and the family doctor and receives advice on family planning, healthy nutrition, exercise, and risks associated with tobacco and alcohol use. During this visit, her pregnancy is confirmed.  PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH In her first antenatal consultation, Ms. Kaya has her history taken; a general physical check; measurements of height, weight, and blood pressure; abdominal examination to determine the size of the uterus; and a hand-held Doppler test to assess the fetal heart rate. She has a urine examination for bacteria and protein and blood tests for hemoglobin, ferritin, and hepatitis B.  PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH Ms. Kaya has postnatal checks for herself and the baby before being discharged home 24 hours after delivery. During the 6-week postnatal period, she receives four home visits by the family nurse; at the first visit, the baby is given a heel-prick test for phenylketonuria, congenital hypothyroidism, and biotinidase deficiency. Ms. Kaya receives continued support for breast-feeding and checks for postpartum depression. The baby is registered in the family health center and receives, according to schedule, immunizations for 11 conditions.  Turkish healthcare and medical system as a foreign national The Ministry of Health is in charge of all health services in Turkey. Turkey is a strong competitor in healthcare when compared with other countries such as; the US, Germany, and England are a few. The current statistics show Turkey as a low cost health provider compared to these nations.  Turkish healthcare and medical system as a foreign national Here’s an excellent financial example. Let’s say you needed a heart bypass surgery: in the US it would cost around $129,750.00, in Germany it would cost $17,355.00, in England it would be $27,770.00. in Turkey a heart bypass surgery would cost you $11,375.00-15,000.00.