Grade 8 Science Reviewer for Quiz 2.2 PDF

**What is a Typhoon?** A typhoon is a large, rotating storm system with a low-pressure center, strong winds, and heavy rainfall. It is a type of tropical cyclone that forms over warm ocean waters. **Types of Tropical Cyclones** Tropical cyclones are classified based on their intensity: 1. **Tro...

**What is a Typhoon?** A typhoon is a large, rotating storm system with a low-pressure center, strong winds, and heavy rainfall. It is a type of tropical cyclone that forms over warm ocean waters. **Types of Tropical Cyclones** Tropical cyclones are classified based on their intensity: 1. **Tropical Depression:** A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of up to 61 km/h (38 mph). 2. **Tropical Storm:** A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 62-88 km/h (39-54 mph). 3. **Typhoon:** A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 118 km/h (73 mph) or higher. 4. **Super Typhoon:** An extremely powerful typhoon with maximum sustained winds of 241 km/h (150 mph) or higher. **Parts of a Typhoon** 1. **Eye:** The calm center of the storm. 2. **Eyewall:** A ring of intense thunderstorms surrounding the eye. 3. **Spiral Bands:** Bands of thunderstorms that spiral outward from the eyewall. **How Typhoons Form** 1. **Warm Ocean Waters:** Warm ocean waters provide the energy needed for a typhoon to form. 2. **Low-Pressure Area:** A low-pressure area develops over the warm ocean waters. 3. **Rising Air:** Warm, moist air rises, creating an area of low pressure. 4. **Condensation and Cloud Formation:** As the moist air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds. 5. **Rotating Winds:** The Coriolis effect causes the rising air to rotate, creating a spinning storm. 6. **Intensification:** As the storm intensifies, the winds become stronger and the eye becomes more defined. **The Philippines and Typhoons** The Philippines is highly prone to typhoons due to its geographical location. It lies within the typhoon belt, a region where warm ocean currents and atmospheric conditions favor typhoon formation. **Typhoon Hazards** Typhoons can cause significant damage and loss of life. Some of the primary hazards associated with typhoons include: - **Strong Winds:** High-speed winds can damage buildings, uproot trees, and cause power outages. - **Heavy Rainfall:** Intense rainfall can lead to flooding, landslides, and mudslides. - **Storm Surge:** A rise in sea level caused by strong winds and low atmospheric pressure can inundate coastal areas. - **Tornadoes:** Tornadoes can form within the outer bands of a typhoon. **Typhoon Preparedness and Response** To minimize the impact of typhoons, it is essential to be prepared. Here are some tips: - **Create an Emergency Kit:** Assemble a kit with essential supplies like water, food, medications, flashlights, and a battery-powered radio. - **Develop an Evacuation Plan:** Identify safe evacuation routes and shelters. - **Stay Informed:** Monitor weather forecasts and warnings issued by PAGASA. - **Follow Safety Guidelines:** During a typhoon, stay indoors, avoid flooded areas, and be cautious of falling debris. - **Participate in Community Preparedness Activities:** Join community drills and workshops to learn about disaster response and preparedness. **Storm Warning Signals** PAGASA issues Storm Warning Signals to alert the public about the severity of an impending typhoon. - **Signal No. 1:** Strong winds may be expected in coastal areas. - **Signal No. 2:** Stronger winds may be expected in coastal areas. - **Signal No. 3:** Strong winds may be expected in most areas of a region. - **Signal No. 4:** Very strong winds may be expected in most areas of a region. - **Signal No. 5:** Violent winds may be expected in most areas of a region. **Rain Warning Signals** PAGASA also issues Rain Warning Signals to alert the public about heavy rainfall. - **Yellow Rainfall Warning:** Expect light to moderate rain, which may cause flooding in low-lying areas. - **Orange Rainfall Warning:** Moderate to heavy rain is expected, which may cause flooding in low-lying areas and landslides. - **Red Rainfall Warning:** Heavy to intense rainfall is expected, which may cause severe flooding and landslides.