GLSS 8 Field Officers Manual PDF

i LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................... xii ACRONYMS.....................

i LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................... xii ACRONYMS....................................................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER ONE...................................................................................................................... 1 1 Background................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Definition of Concepts............................................................................................ 2 1.3 GLSS 8 and its Scope............................................................................................... 2 1.4 Objectives of GLSS 8............................................................................................... 3 1.5 Tracking Ghana’s Development Programme...................................................... 3 1.6 Tracking Agenda 2063 Goals................................................................................. 4 1.7 Tracking the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)......................................... 4 1.8 Stages of GLSS 8 Implementation.......................................................................... 4 1.9 What is new in the GLSS 8?..................................................................................... 5 1.10 The Project Directorate........................................................................................... 5 1.11 Mode of Fieldwork.................................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER TWO.................................................................................................................... 10 2 Legal Authority and Confidentiality of the Information.......................................... 10 2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Legal Authority for the Survey.............................................................................. 10 2.3 Legal Right to Enter Premises to Conduct the Survey........................................ 10 2.4 The Act Requires the Public to Respond to Survey Enquiries............................. 10 2.5 The Act Requires Survey Officials to be Truthful.................................................. 10 2.6 The Act Demands Careful Handling of Documents and Logistics.................... 10 2.7 Confidentiality of Survey Information.................................................................. 11 2.8 Taking of Oath of Secrecy.................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................. 12 3 Conduct, Role and Responsibilities of Field Officers.............................................. 12 3.1 Your Behaviour is Important................................................................................. 12 3.2 How to Approach People.................................................................................... 12 3.3 Language of the Interview................................................................................... 13 3.4 What You Wear Matters....................................................................................... 13 3.5 Patience and Tact are Needed.......................................................................... 14 3.6 Role and Responsibilities of the Interviewer........................................................ 14 3.6.1 You must work through to the end of the survey data collection exercise..... 15 3.6.2 You must work as a full-time field officer during the data collection period... 15 3.6.3 You must work without the assistance of unauthorised persons....................... 15 3.6.4 You must be a team player................................................................................. 15 3.6.5 Checking the Completed Questionnaire........................................................... 15 3.7 Interviewing Skills................................................................................................... 16 3.8 How to Deal with Difficult Respondents.............................................................. 16 3.9 Things You Must DO............................................................................................... 16 3.10 Things You Must NOT DO...................................................................................... 17 3.11 The Success of GLSS 8 Depends on You.............................................................. 17 3.12 Role and Responsibilities of Field Supervisor....................................................... 18 3.13 Relations With the Supervisor................................................................................ 19 3.14 Roles of the Senior Interviewer............................................................................. 19 3.15 Child Protection and Field Ethics......................................................................... 19 ii CHAPTER FOUR.................................................................................................................. 21 4 Sexual Harassment................................................................................................... 21 4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 21 4.2 Definition of Sexual Harassment........................................................................... 21 4.3 Objectives of the GSS Sexual Harassment Policy............................................... 22 4.4 Forms and Acts of Sexual Harassment................................................................ 22 4.5 Cues of Sexual Harassment.................................................................................. 24 4.5.1 Comment on physical appearance................................................................... 24 4.5.2 Stalking through digital media............................................................................. 24 4.5.3 Physical harassment that is not sexual................................................................ 24 4.5.4 Persistent proposal without consent.................................................................... 24 4.5.5 Advances and threats.......................................................................................... 25 4.5.6 Unwelcome conversation and jokes with sexual nature................................... 25 4.5.7 Peer pressure......................................................................................................... 25 4.5.8 Victim of revenge................................................................................................. 25 4.6 Prevention of Sexual Harassment........................................................................ 25 4.7 How to React to Sexual Harassment................................................................... 26 4.8 Sanctions for Sexual Harassment......................................................................... 26 4.9 Procedures for Reporting Harassment and Effect.............................................. 26 4.10 Discussion of Intent vs Impact.............................................................................. 26 CHAPTER FIVE.................................................................................................................... 27 5 Preliminary Operations Before Field Data Collection............................................. 27 5.1 Training Programme for all Field officers............................................................. 27 5.2 Documents and Materials to Receive After Training......................................... 27 5.3 Field officers’ Materials Receipt Form.................................................................. 28 5.4 Community Entry and Household Entry............................................................... 28 5.4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 28 5.4.2 Community............................................................................................................ 28 5.4.3 Community Leadership........................................................................................ 28 5.4.4 Community entry.................................................................................................. 29 5.4.5 Guidelines for community entry........................................................................... 29 5.5 How to Locate Selected Households.................................................................. 30 5.5.1 Finding the address............................................................................................... 30 5.5.2 Household entry (contacting the households)................................................... 30 5.5.3 Guidelines for household entry............................................................................ 31 5.6 Basic Security, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Field officers......................... 32 5.6.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 32 5.6.2 Definition of Concepts.......................................................................................... 32 5.6.3 Identifying hazards and assessing the risk........................................................... 32 5.6.4 Mitigating potential risk......................................................................................... 33 5.6.5 Health Guidelines.................................................................................................. 33 5.7 Planning your itinerary.......................................................................................... 34 CHAPTER SIX...................................................................................................................... 35 6 Identifying Enumeration Area Maps........................................................................ 35 6.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 35 6.2 Definition of Concepts.......................................................................................... 35 6.3 Types of Maps........................................................................................................ 36 6.3.1 Type 1 Enumeration Area (EA) map.................................................................... 36 6.3.2 Type 2 Enumeration Area map............................................................................ 36 6.3.3 Type 3 Enumeration Area map............................................................................ 37 iii 6.3.4 EA Boundary description (PHC 2)........................................................................ 38 6.3.5 General steps for reading EA map...................................................................... 38 6.3.6 How to read Type 1 EA and locate Type 1 EA map.......................................... 39 6.3.7 How to read Type 2 EA and locate Type 2 EA map.......................................... 40 6.3.8 How to read Type 3 EA and locate Type 3 EA map.......................................... 42 6.3.9 Deserted Localities................................................................................................ 43 6.4 How to Locate a Cluster....................................................................................... 43 CHAPTER SEVEN................................................................................................................. 44 7 Basics of Tablet and Use of CAPI............................................................................. 44 7.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 44 7.2 General Overview of a Tablet............................................................................. 44 7.2.1 What is a tablet?................................................................................................... 44 7.2.2 Tablet Accessories................................................................................................ 45 7.3 Key functions of the tablet required for GLSS 8 CAPI application.................... 45 7.4 Rules Governing Tablet Use.................................................................................. 49 7.5 Tablet and Accessories Care and Use................................................................ 50 7.6 Basic Troubleshooting........................................................................................... 50 7.7 Issuance and Receipt of IT Assets........................................................................ 51 7.8 Introduction to CAPI............................................................................................. 52 7.8.1 What is CAPI?........................................................................................................ 52 7.8.2 Why use CAPI in GLSS 8 data collection?........................................................... 53 7.8.3 Benefits of CAPI over paper questionnaire for data collection........................ 53 7.9 Data Flow in GLSS 8 CAPI Application Operations............................................. 53 7.10 Structure of GLSS 8 CAPI Menu System............................................................... 54 7.10.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 54 7.10.2 To use the CSentry............................................................................................. 55 7.10.3 Login ID composition........................................................................................ 55 7.10.4 Supervisors’ main menu.................................................................................... 57 7.10.5 Supervisor’s menu: view report........................................................................ 59 7.10.6 Supervisor’s menu: Sync to HQ......................................................................... 59 7.10.7 Supervisor’s menu: Deleting training data...................................................... 60 7.10.8 Interviewer’s menu............................................................................................ 61 7.10.9 Terminologies..................................................................................................... 64 CHAPTER EIGHT.................................................................................................................. 65 8 General Instructions for Completing Questionnaires............................................. 65 8.1 Format/Layout of Questionnaires........................................................................ 65 8.2 Entering Responses............................................................................................... 65 8.3 Questions that Require Description and Coding of Responses........................ 65 8.4 Other (Specify)...................................................................................................... 65 8.5 Skipping.................................................................................................................. 66 8.6 Past 12 months and Past 7 days........................................................................... 66 CHAPTER NINE................................................................................................................... 67 9 Completing Survey Information and Household Roster......................................... 67 9.1 Completing the Survey Information Sheet.......................................................... 67 9.1.1 First Visit.................................................................................................................. 67 9.1.2 Detailed physical address of Structure................................................................ 67 9.1.3 Household Contact Phone Number(s)................................................................ 68 9.1.4 Language for Interview........................................................................................ 68 9.1.5 The Interview.......................................................................................................... 68 9.1.6 Tempo of the Interview......................................................................................... 68 iv 9.1.7 Objectivity of the Interviewer............................................................................... 68 9.1.8 Privacy During Interview....................................................................................... 68 9.1.9 Survey Schedule.................................................................................................... 69 9.1.10 Date of Next Visit............................................................................................... 69 9.2 Section 1: Household Roster and Demographic Characteristics...................... 69 9.2.1 Purpose.................................................................................................................. 69 9.2.2 Respondent........................................................................................................... 69 9.2.3 Definition of Concepts.......................................................................................... 69 9.2.4 Completing the Household Roster (Demographic Characteristics) Questions 76 CHAPTER TEN..................................................................................................................... 86 10 Section 2: Education Literacy and Apprenticeship................................................ 86 10.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 86 10.2 Definition of Concepts.......................................................................................... 86 10.3 Part A: Completing the Education and Literacy Questions.............................. 86 10.4 Part B: Educational Career................................................................................... 94 10.5 Part C: Literacy and Apprenticeship................................................................... 95 10.6 Part D: Household Learning Assessment............................................................. 98 10.6.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 98 10.6.2 Purpose of the Assessment............................................................................. 100 10.6.3 Levels of Assessment....................................................................................... 101 10.6.4 Completing the Household Learning Assessment General Questions....... 101 10.6.5 Assessment Instruments Scope and Format.................................................. 103 10.6.6 Test Security..................................................................................................... 138 10.6.7 Assessment Security Agreement Form........................................................... 139 10.6.8 Preparation of Learners for the Assessment.................................................. 140 10.7 Part E: Self –Esteem............................................................................................. 141 10.7.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 141 10.7.2 Completing the Self-Esteem Questionnaire.................................................. 142 CHAPTER ELEVEN............................................................................................................. 144 11 Section 3: Health Condition.................................................................................... 144 11.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 144 11.2 Respondents........................................................................................................ 144 11.3 Definition of concepts........................................................................................ 144 11.4 Part A: Health Conditions in the Past 2 Weeks Questions................................ 146 11.5 Part B: Health Insurance Questions.................................................................... 151 11.6 Part C1: Fertility (Children Ever Born, Antenatal, Delivery and Postnatal Care) 153 11.7 Part C2: Completing Childcare and Nourishment Questions......................... 157 11.8 Part D: Preventive Health................................................................................... 158 11.9 Part E: Lifestyle and Health Conditions.............................................................. 159 11.10 Part F: General Health and Well-Being.......................................................... 171 11.11 Part G: Difficulties in Performing Activities..................................................... 174 11.11.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 174 11.11.2 Issues to consider............................................................................................. 175 11.11.3 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 175 11.11.4 How To Complete Difficulties in Performing Activities Questions................. 176 CHAPTER TWELVE............................................................................................................. 180 12 Section 4: Economic Activity................................................................................. 180 12.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 180 12.2 Current Economic Activity Status and Characteristics of Main Job............... 180 v 12.3 Definition of Concepts........................................................................................ 181 12.4 Occupation Groupings (ISCO).......................................................................... 186 12.4.1 How to Identify the Occupation of Respondents........................................ 187 12.4.2 Definition of Concepts for Occupational Groups........................................ 195 12.4.3 Code Lists......................................................................................................... 197 12.4.4 Use of CAPI Application in Identifying Occupations.................................... 198 12.4.5 Some Probing Questions for Identifying Occupations................................. 199 12.5 Industry................................................................................................................. 201 12.5.1 The International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Revision 4).......... 201 12.5.2 Definition Of Concepts................................................................................... 206 12.5.3 Illustration of Industry Coding Structure of Lower Levels (Group and Class) 212 12.5.4 Concepts and Definition................................................................................ 212 12.5.5 Structure for Section G Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles............................................................................................. 214 12.6 Employment Status and Employment Sector................................................... 216 12.7 Part A: Completing Current Economic Activity Status Questions................... 217 12.8 Part A1: Completing Work by Children 5 To 17 Years Questions..................... 234 12.8.1 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 235 12.9 Part B: Completing Current Economic Activity Status of Secondary Questions 237 12.10 Part C: Completing Time-Related Underemployment in The Past 7 Days Questions......................................................................................................................... 240 12.11 Part C1: Completing Time-Related Underemployment for Temporary Absent Persons Questions........................................................................................................... 242 12.12 Part D: Completing the Usual Economic Activity Questions........................ 243 12.13 Part E: Completing the Unemployment Questions....................................... 246 12.14 Part F: Completing the Health and Safety Questions.................................. 252 12.15 Part H: Completing The Time Use in Housekeeping Activities Questions.... 257 12.15.1 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 257 CHAPTER THIRTEEN........................................................................................................... 261 13 Section 5: Migration ICT and Mortality.................................................................. 261 13.1 Part A: Introduction to Migration and Returned Migrant................................. 261 13.1.1 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 261 13.1.2 Completing the Migration and Returned Migrant Questions...................... 261 13.2 Part C: Information Communication Technology............................................ 264 13.2.1 Types of ICT devices........................................................................................ 266 13.2.2 Completing the ICT Questions....................................................................... 269 13.3 Part D: Introduction to the Mortality.................................................................. 273 13.3.1 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 274 13.3.2 Completing the Mortality (Household Deaths) Questions........................... 275 CHAPTER FOURTEEN......................................................................................................... 277 14 Identification of Respondents for Section 8, 9 and Section 10............................ 277 14.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 277 14.1.1 Definition and Concepts................................................................................ 277 14.1.2 Completing the Questions to Identify Respondents for Sections 8, 9 and 10 278 CHAPTER FIFTEEN............................................................................................................. 283 15 Housing Conditions and Sanitation....................................................................... 283 15.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 283 vi 15.1.1 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 283 15.2 Part A: Completing the Housing Conditions and Expenses Questions........... 284 15.3 Part B: Completing Occupancy Status of the Dwelling Questions................. 288 15.4 Part C: Completing the Housing Expenses Questions...................................... 289 15.5 Part D: Completing the Utilities and Amenities Questions............................... 291 15.6 Part E: Characteristics of the Structure.............................................................. 313 15.7 Part F: Characteristics of the Dwelling............................................................... 313 15.8 PART J: Anthropometry....................................................................................... 319 15.8.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 319 15.8.2 Materials and equipment for anthropometry............................................... 320 15.8.3 Procedures and precautions before measuring height and weight.......... 321 15.8.4 Preparing to take weight................................................................................ 323 15.8.5 Weighing adults and children who can stand on the scale by themselves. 325 15.8.6 Weighing infants or children who must be held by an adult while on the scale 326 15.8.7 Troubleshooting............................................................................................... 328 15.8.8 Preparing to measure height/length............................................................. 329 15.8.9 Measuring a child’s height............................................................................. 331 15.8.10 Measuring a child’s length............................................................................. 334 15.8.11 Measuring an adult’s height.......................................................................... 336 15.8.12 Dismantling the measuring board................................................................. 338 CHAPTER SIXTEEN............................................................................................................ 339 16 Section 8: Agriculture.............................................................................................. 339 16.1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 339 16.1.2 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 339 16.2 Part A: Completing Agricultural Land, Livestock, Equipment and Assets Questions......................................................................................................................... 340 16.2.1 Livestock/Fishing/Poultry:................................................................................ 344 16.2.2 Agricultural Equipment/Implements.............................................................. 346 16.3 Part B: Completing the Farmland Details Questions........................................ 348 16.4 Parts C1 and C2: Completing the Harvest and Disposal of Crops Questions 350 16.5 Part D: Completing the Seasonality of Sales and Purchases Questions......... 355 16.6 Parts E: Completing Other Agricultural Income Questions.............................. 355 16.7 Parts F: Completing the Costs and Expenses of Agricultural Inputs Questions 356 16.8 Part G: Completing the Processing of Agricultural Produce Questions......... 364 16.9 Part H: Completing the Own Produce Questions............................................. 366 CHAPTER SEVENTEEN....................................................................................................... 368 17 Section 9: Household Expenditure......................................................................... 368 17.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 368 17.1.1 Eligibility criteria and reference period......................................................... 368 17.1.2 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 369 17.2 Part A: Completing the Less Frequently Purchased Items Questions.............. 369 17.3 Part B: Completing the Frequently Purchased Items Questions...................... 370 17.4 Part C: Completing the Household Food Insecurity Questions....................... 371 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 371 17.5 Part D: Completing the Household Water Insecurity Questions...................... 373 17.6 Completing the Food and Non-Food Prices Questions................................... 376 17.7 Definition of Concepts........................................................................................ 377 vii 17.8 Price data collection.......................................................................................... 377 CHAPTER EIGHTEEN......................................................................................................... 378 18 Section 10: Non-Farm Household Enterprises....................................................... 378 18.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 378 18.1.1 Importance of Non-Farm Enterprise.............................................................. 378 18.1.2 Characteristics of a Non-Farm Enterprise...................................................... 378 18.1.3 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 378 18.2 Part A: Completing the Basic Characteristics of Non-Farm Household Enterprises........................................................................................................................ 385 18.3 Part B: Completing the Persons Engaged and Earnings Questions................ 390 18.4 Part D1 (i): Completing the Quantity and Cost of Materials Purchased for Manufacturing, Construction and Mining and Quarrying Activities Questions......... 392 18.5 Part D1 (ii): Completing the Value of Production and Sale of Products for Manufacturing, Construction, Mining and Quarrying Activities Questions................ 393 18.6 Part D3 (i): Completing the Quantity and Cost of Materials Purchased for Services Questions.......................................................................................................... 393 18.7 Part D4: Completing the Cost and Revenue of Enterprise Engaged in Wholesale and Retail Trade Questions......................................................................... 393 18.8 Part D5i: Revenue of Enterprise Which Provide Services Other Than Wholesale and Retail........................................................................................................................ 393 18.9 Part D6: Completing the Preparation and Sale of Meals (Operating in the Past 7 Days)............................................................................................................................. 394 18.10 Part D7: Completing the Preparation and Sale of Meals (Not Operating in the Past 7 days).............................................................................................................. 395 18.11 PART E: Completing the Other Revenue Questions..................................... 395 18.12 Parts E1 and E2: Completing the Other Revenue Questions of Enterprise. 396 18.13 Parts F1 and F2: Completing the Other Expenditures Questions................. 397 18.14 Parts G1 and G2: Completing the Assets of the Enterprise Question......... 397 18.15 Part H: Completing the Consumption, Payments, and Savings of the Enterprise Questions....................................................................................................... 400 CHAPTER NINETEEN.......................................................................................................... 403 19 Section 11: Income Transfers and Miscellaneous Income and Expenditure..... 403 19.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 403 19.2 Part A: Completing the Remittances Made by Household Questions........... 403 19.3 Part B: Completing the Remittances Received by Household Questions...... 406 19.4 Parts C1 and C2: Completing the Miscellaneous Income Questions............. 408 19.5 Part D: Miscellaneous Expenditure.................................................................... 414 19.6 Part E1: Return Migrants – Past 5 Years.............................................................. 415 19.7 PART E2: Migrant Who Have Left Household / Out Migrants – Past 5 Years. 417 CHAPTER TWENTY............................................................................................................. 419 20 Section 12: Savings, Assets, Credit, Insurance, and Investment......................... 419 20.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 419 20.2 Part A: Completing the Savings Questions....................................................... 420 20.3 Part B: Completing the Assets and Durable Consumer Goods Questions..... 424 20.4 Part C: Completing the Credit and Insurance Questions................................ 424 20.5 Part D: Completing the Investment and use of Financial Services Questions 427 CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE.................................................................................................... 431 21 Section 13: Governance, Peace, and Security (GPS).......................................... 431 21.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 431 21.1.1 objectives of the Section................................................................................ 432 viii 21.1.2 Private Nature of the Interview...................................................................... 432 21.1.3 How to Randomly Select a Household Member for Interview.................... 432 21.1.4 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 434 21.2 Part A: Completing Safety Questions................................................................ 438 21.3 Part B: Completing Stealing, Robbery and Unlawful Entry Questions............. 438 21.4 Part C: Completing the Sexually- Related Offence Questions....................... 443 21.5 Part D: Completing Violence and Security Questions..................................... 445 21.6 PART E: Completing Peace and Social Cohesion Questions.......................... 449 21.7 PART F: Completing Political Engagement Questions...................................... 451 21.8 Part G: Completing Effectiveness of Government Agencies Questions........ 451 21.9 Part H: Completing Privacy and Data Protection Questions.......................... 453 CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO.................................................................................................... 455 22 Gender and Assets Ownership.............................................................................. 455 22.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 455 22.1.1 Definition of concepts.................................................................................... 455 22.2 Part A: Completing the Household Building/Apartment Roster Questions.... 457 22.3 Part B: Completing the Individual Land Details Questions.............................. 459 22.4 Part C: Completing the Individual Building/Apartment Details Questions..... 462 22.5 Part D: Completing the Individual Livestock Questions................................... 464 CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE.................................................................................................. 466 23 Community Questionnaire..................................................................................... 466 23.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 466 23.1.1 Definition of Concepts.................................................................................... 467 23.2 Completing the Socio-Demographic and Infrastructure Questions............... 468 23.3 Completing the Education Questions............................................................... 470 23.4 Completing the Health Questions..................................................................... 473 23.5 Completing the Agriculture Questions.............................................................. 475 23.6 Completing the Changes in the past 2 Years.................................................. 477 CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR.................................................................................................. 480 24 Data Quality Monitoring......................................................................................... 480 24.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 480 24.2 Concepts and Definitions................................................................................... 480 24.3 Objectives of the Data Quality Monitoring....................................................... 481 24.4 The Data Quality Monitoring Processes............................................................. 481 24.4.1 Content error checks...................................................................................... 481 24.4.2 Performing consistency checks on the data................................................ 481 24.5 The Data Quality Monitoring Tools..................................................................... 482 24.5.1 CSPro error report............................................................................................ 482 24.5.2 DQM monitor report........................................................................................ 483 24.5.3 GLSS 8 dashboard........................................................................................... 484 24.5.4 Correcting Inconsistencies and Other Errors Identified................................ 486 24.6 Clearance of Field Officers................................................................................ 486 24.6.1 Cycle level clearance.................................................................................... 486 24.3.1 Team final clearance...................................................................................... 486 CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE.................................................................................................... 487 25 Leadership Role of the Field Supervisor................................................................. 487 25.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 487 25.2 Main Task of the Supervisor During Data Collection........................................ 487 25.2.1 Mastering the Field Officer’s Manual............................................................. 487 25.2.2 Commanding the confidence of your interviewers..................................... 487 ix 25.2.3 Contacting the Regional Statistician in case of difficulties......................... 487 25.2.4 Giving Approved Directives to the interviewers........................................... 488 25.2.5 Leading in an exemplary manner................................................................. 488 25.2.6 Cooperating with the interviewers................................................................ 488 25.2.7 Completing interviews in the assigned EAs................................................... 488 25.2.8 Replacing interviewers when necessary....................................................... 488 25.3 Supervisor’s duties before field data collection............................................... 489 25.3.1 Training, retraining, and coaching of interviewers....................................... 489 25.3.2 Expanding list of historical events to estimate the age of respondents..... 489 25.3.3 Sharing work for the interviewers................................................................... 489 25.3.4 Helping in publicising the survey.................................................................... 490 25.3.5 Preparing of itinerary....................................................................................... 490 25.3.6 Distributing Field Officer’s logistics................................................................. 490 25.3.7 Completing the Field Supervisor’s Materials Receipt Form.......................... 490 25.4 Role of the Supervisor During Field Data Collection........................................ 490 25.4.1 Keeping in touch with your interviewers........................................................ 490 25.4.2 Conducting spot checks................................................................................ 491 25.4.3 What to do during field visits.......................................................................... 491 25.4.4 Conducting re-interviews............................................................................... 491 25.4.5 What to do after a re-interview...................................................................... 492 25.4.6 Supporting interviewers to deal with difficult cases..................................... 493 25.4.7 Action to be taken after interviewers’ unsuccessful visits............................ 493 25.4.8 Providing Interpreters...................................................................................... 494 25.4.9 Holding a stock of materials........................................................................... 495 25.5 Role of the Supervisor after Data Collection.................................................... 495 25.5.1 Syncing cluster results...................................................................................... 496 25.5.2 Collecting documents and materials from each interviewer..................... 496 25.5.3 Reviewing the Completed Work.................................................................... 496 25.5.4 Dealing with omissions and errors.................................................................. 496 25.6 Supervisor Using CAPI for GLSS 8 Data Collection Exercise............................. 496 25.7 How to maintain Good Teamwork.................................................................... 496 APPENDICES..................................................................................................................... 498 APPENDIX 1: OATH OF SECRECY.................................................................................... 498 APPENDIX 2: LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.............................................................................. 499 x  LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 : Monetary poverty trends in Ghana, 1987 - 2017........................................... 1 Figure 1.2: GLSS 8 Questionnaire Structure....................................................................... 3 Figure 1.3: GLSS 8 Stages of Implementation................................................................... 5 Figure 1.4: GLSS 8 Organogram......................................................................................... 7 Figure 6.1: Example of Type 1 EA (EA numbers 057)...................................................... 36 Figure 6.2: Example of Type 2 EA (EA number 058),....................................................... 37 Figure 6.3: Example of Type 3 EA (EA number 080)........................................................ 38 Figure 6.4: Example of PHC 2 - Description Form for Type 1 EA (057)........................... 39 Figure 6.5: Example of PHC 2 - Description Form for Type 2 EA (060)........................... 41 Figure 6.6: Example of PHC 2 - Description Form for Type 3 EA (080)........................... 42 Figure 7.1: Features of a tablet........................................................................................ 44 Figure 7.2: Data flow in the GLSS 8 application.............................................................. 54 Figure 7.3: Supervisor and Interviewer syncing data to HQ via the internet................ 60 Figure 7.4: Interviewer’s Main Menu................................................................................ 61 Figure 12.1: Structure of occupation under 52 (sales workers)................................... 196 xi  LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Cluster level Interviewer Workload................................................................... 8 Table 1.2: Teams Leave Schedule..................................................................................... 9 Table 4.1: Forms and Acts of Sexual Harassment........................................................... 23 Table 7.1: Issuance and Receipt of IT Assets Forms........................................................ 51 Table 10.1: Table of Specification for KG – Literacy in English.................................... 104 Table 10.2: Table of Specification for KG - Numeracy................................................. 105 Table 10.3: Table of Specification for KG – Literacy..................................................... 106 Table 10.4: Table of Specification for KG – Numeracy................................................ 109 Table 10.5: Table of Specification for Lower Primary - Literacy................................... 112 Table 10.6: Table of Specification for Upper Primary – Numeracy............................. 128 Table 10.7: Table of Specification for Junior High School – Literacy........................... 130 Table 10.8: Table of Specification for Junior High School – Literacy........................... 132 Table 10.9: Table of Specification for Junior High School – Numeracy...................... 133 Table 10.10: Table of Specification for Senior High School – Literacy........................ 135 Table 10.11: Table of Specification for Senior High School – Literacy........................ 136 Table 10.12: Table of Specification for Senior High School – Numeracy.................... 137 Table 12.1:Distinguishing factors across work responses.............................................. 184 Table 12.2: ISCO Frame.................................................................................................. 188 xii  ACRONYMS DDQMT District Data Quality Management Team ECE Early Childhood Education ESP Education Strategic Plan EA Enumeration Area FCUBE Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education GES Ghana Education Service GLSS Ghana Living Standards Survey GSS Ghana Statistical Service GPS Global Positioning System HCI Human Capital Index IT Information Technology JHS Junior High School JHS Junior High School KG Kindergarten LP Lower Primary MoE Ministry of Education M&E Monitoring and Evaluation NaCCA National Council for Curriculum and Assessment NPCF National Pre-Tertiary Curriculum Framework NPLAF National Pre-Tertiary Learning Assessment Framework NST National Standardised Test NVTI National Vocational Training Institute OOSC Out of School Learners POI Point of Interest PHC Population and Housing Census SHS Senior High School SEN Special Education Needs SA Supervisory Area SDG Sustainable Development Goal TVET Technical and Vocational Education and Training USAID United States Agency for International Development UP Upper Primary WASSCE West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination xiii MAP OF GHANA PREFACE xiv The Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) provides information for understanding and monitoring living conditions in Ghana. The GLSS 8 is the eighth round of this nationwide household survey. The main data collection would span 12 months (from August 2024 to July 2025). The survey will collect detailed information on the demographic characteristics of the household population, education, health, employment, migration and remittances, information communication technology (ICT), asset ownership, housing, household agriculture, non-farm household enterprises, financial services, and anthropometry. Information will also be collected on perception of governance, peace and security and knowledge of data protection in Ghana. The survey will produce data for the preparation of a Poverty Profile Report and separate reports on different thematic areas such as education, health, economic activity, housing conditions, non-farm household enterprises, household consumption and expenditure, etc. This Field officer’s Manual provides guidelines for Interviewers and Supervisors to utilise during training and data collection. The manual provides an understanding of the Survey processes and its objectives, how the survey will be conducted, questionnaire content, and the roles of interviewers and supervisors. The manual also provides definitions of key concepts and provides clarifications to ensure all definitions are well understood. Examples have also been provided for illustrative purposes to enhance understanding. The overarching purpose is to ensure that all field officers conform to the same set of guidelines to ensure the accuracy and quality of the data collected. Thus, this manual should be used as reference material for all persons involved with the implementation of the GLSS 8 to ensure quality data collection. Accordingly, field officers are required to study this manual thoroughly to guide the collection, compilation, and synchronisation of data. It is also essential that officers continuously study this manual alongside other survey instruments thoroughly to gain an in-depth understanding of the survey work. The manual comprises twenty-eight (28) chapters that explain the background information, including legal authority; conduct, role, and responsibilities of field officers; use of maps in the Survey; tablets and Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) use; and leadership of the field officer. Professor Samuel Kobina Annim Government Statistician and Survey Director xv  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This field officer’s Manual is the outcome of collaborative efforts by key stakeholders, including Management and Staff of the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), and faculty from universities across the country. The team of experts who worked on its production has brought their varied skills, knowledge, and experiences in the various thematic areas to enhance the content and practical usability of this manual. GSS gratefully acknowledges the support of all individuals who have contributed to the development of this manual. The Service is also grateful for the financial and technical support received from the Government of Ghana, the World Bank, Steering and Technical Advisory Committees, and the Governing Board of GSS. xvi  CHAPTER ONE 1 Background 1.1 Introduction The lack of thorough, trustworthy, and timely statistics to support the design and monitoring of development policies and programmes on the living conditions has been a persistent challenge facing many developing countries. The Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) was initiated in 1980 by the Policy Research Division of the World Bank to explore ways of improving household data on living conditions collected by National Statistical Offices (NSOs) in developing countries. Ghana adopted the LSMS initiative and conducted the first Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) in 1987 to address this data need. The GLSS is a nationally representative household survey that provides statistics on living conditions and indicators for examining the socioeconomic conditions of households. This information is relevant for estimating progress toward the goals embedded in national and international development frameworks. Seven GLSS rounds have been conducted since its inception with the latest being GLSS 7 in 2016/17. The eighth round (GLSS 8) will be conducted in 2024/25. In addition to providing information on the different dimensions that measure living conditions, the GLSS has also provided monetary poverty data (Figure 1.1) that have been used for policy decision-making in the country over the last three decades. Figure 1.1 : Monetary poverty trends in Ghana, 1987 - 2017 * Ghana Household Budget Survey 1 1.2 Definition of Concepts Poverty Refers to the lack of access to basic needs including food, clothing, and shelter. The lack of access may be due to no or insufficient money, non-available or inadequate public services and support. Poverty can be measured in monetary or non-monetary terms. Living Conditions This refers to the circumstances in which people live and encompasses factors such as shelter, food, clothing, access to clean water, education, employment, and safety. Living Standards This refers to internationally acceptable benchmarks for measuring living conditions. Examples of such benchmarks include having three square meals in a day or access to improved drinking water. 1.3 GLSS 8 and its Scope The GLSS 8 will provide information to measure living conditions and evaluate both monetary and non-monetary poverty levels of households in all 16 regions to inform policy decision-making. It is a multitopic survey that will collect information in the following modules: 1. Demographics 2. Education and literacy 3. Health and well-being 4. Economic activity 5. Migration and remittances 6. ICT 7. Mortality 8. Housing 9. Household agriculture 10. Household income, consumption, and expenditure 11. Household food and water security 12. Non-farm enterprises 13. Savings, assets, credit, insurance and investment 14. Governance peace and security 15. Gender and assets ownership 2 Figure 1.2: GLSS 8 Questionnaire Structure 1.4 Objectives of GLSS 8 Generally, the GLSS seeks to provide data for examining the socio-economic conditions of households and, monitoring and estimating progress towards the achievement of national development goals, the Agenda 2063 and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The specific objectives of GLSS are to: a. Estimate monetary and non-monetary poverty; b. Identify new weights of consumer items to re-base consumer price index; c. Estimate national accounts using households’ final consumption expenditure; d. Assess health status, literacy levels, living conditions, employment (including child work) and governance and security; and e. Track knowledge and outcomes of specific policy interventions especially in education. 1.5 Tracking Ghana’s Development Programme The GLSS 8 will provide statistics to measure and track progress of Ghana’s Coordinated Programme of Economic and Social Development under the following pillars: a. revitalising the economy; b. transforming agriculture and industry; c. strengthening social protection and inclusion; 3 d. revamping economic and social infrastructure; and e. reforming public service institutions. 1.6 Tracking Agenda 2063 Goals The GLSS 8 will provide statistics to measure and track five of the 20 Agenda 2063 goals. There are: Goal 1: a high standard of living, quality of life and well-being for all citizens; Goal 2: well, educated citizens and skills revolution underpinned by science, technology, and innovation; Goal 3: healthy and well-nourished citizens; Goal 17: full gender equality in all spheres of life; and Goal 18: engaged and empowered youth and children. 1.7 Tracking the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) GLSS 8 will generate statistics to measure and track progress towards achieving 10 of the 17 SDGs (1 – 8, 10, 16), namely; a) Goal 1: no poverty; b) Goal 2: zero hunger; c) Goal 3: good health and well-being; d) Goal 4: quality education; e) Goal 5: gender equality; f) Goal 6: clean water and sanitation; g) Goal 7: affordable and clean energy; h) Goal 8: decent work and economic growth; i) Goal 10: reduced inequality; and j) Goal 16: peace, justice, and strong institutions. 1.8 Stages of GLSS 8 Implementation Three broad stages of GLSS are identified for implementation: the preparatory, main household data collection and post-data collection phases. The main training represents the primary mode of preparing field officers for the second phase of implementation activities. 4 Figure 1.3: GLSS 8 Stages of Implementation 1.9 What is new in the GLSS 8? GSS has integrated eight new approaches into the conduct of the GLSS 8 to improve the quality of the data collected. These are: a. using Geographic Positioning System (GPS) coordinates to develop interactive maps to trace the locations of selected households; b. applying geo-fencing (virtual boundaries) to sampled EAs to guide field officers during data collection; c. using a dashboard for real-time monitoring of data collected during the listing exercise and main data collection; d. using data quality monitors for data validation for daily identification of data errors and inconsistencies; e. introducing literacy and education as the thematic focus; f. benchmarking the statistics generated from GLSS8 with that of the 2021 Population and Housing Census (PHC), Annual Household Income and Expenditure Survey (AHIES), Domestic and Outbound Tourism Survey (DOTS) and Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) for added data quality assurance; g. Comparative analysis of poverty estimates and household consumption and expenditure recall using 5-day interval recall period for GLSS 8 and 3 day interval recall period for AHIES. 1.10 The Project Directorate The Project Directorate is made up of the following: 1. The overall management of the conduct of GLSS 8 is under the Government Statistician who is also the National Project Director. 2. The Deputy Government Statistician reports to the National Project Director and 5  is the Project Technical Director responsible for: the administration of the survey; implementation of its broad guidelines; direction of the work of the Directorate; authorising expenditures; and making the necessary contacts for the smooth running of the project. 3. The Project Implementation Team (PIT) lead by the Coordinator will assist the Project Technical Director in the conduct of the survey. 4. The team will train interviewers, keep in touch with the survey teams and see to it that instructions for completing the questionnaires are followed. 5. The PIT must be ready to give prompt and appropriate solutions to any technical or other problems that may arise in the field. 6. The PIT is also responsible for the design of the CAPI applications and data processing programs. 7. The team will ensure that all supervisors, senior interviewer and interviewers follow instructions for running the programs and for the efficient use of the tablets and accessories. 8. GLSS 8 Secretariat staff will assist the PIC in performing their duties. 6 Figure 1.4: GLSS 8 Organogram 1.11 Mode of Fieldwork The GLSS 8 fieldwork will adopt a face-to-face data collection approach and will ran for 12 months (360 days) which will be made up of 10 cycles with each cycle lasting for 35 days and 1 day for travelling. There will be 38 teams to work across the 16 regions. There will be five interviewers in each of the 38 teams and will be assigned to work in a particular cluster during the 35 days cycle of the 10 cycles. During each cycle, each interviewer will interview 15 households seven times each, visiting three 7 households each day at 5 days interval. The team composition, interviewer workload and the team’s leave schedule has been presented below. Team Composition: Each team will be made up of the following: Team ------------------------------------------------------------- Supervisor … 1 Interviewers … 5 Senior Interviewer/Editor … 1 Driver … 1 Total … 8 Interviewer Workload: The batches of households that will be interviewed on each visit is presented in the Table below. Table 1.1: Cluster level Interviewer Workload Visit 1 Visit 2 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Day 8 Day 9 Day 10 Household 1: 1 4 7 10 13 1 4 7 10 13 Household 2: 2 5 8 11 14 2 5 8 11 14 Household 3: 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Visit 3 Visit 4 Day 11 Day 12 Day 13 Day 14 Day 15 Day 16 Day 17 Day 18 Day 19 Day 20 Household 1: 1 4 7 10 13 1 4 7 10 13 Household 2: 2 5 8 11 14 2 5 8 11 14 Household 3: 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Visit 5 Visit 6 Day 21 Day 22 Day 23 Day 24 Day 25 Day 26 Day 27 Day 28 Day 29 Day 30 Household 1: 1 4 7 10 13 1 4 7 10 13 Household 2: 2 5 8 11 14 2 5 8 11 14 Household 3: 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 Visit 7 Day 31 Day 32 Day 33 Day 34 Day 35 Household 1: 1 4 7 10 13 Household 2: 2 5 8 11 14 Household 3: 3 6 9 12 15 NOTE: The 36th day of each cycle will be used for travelling to the next EA. 8 Table 1.2: Teams Leave Schedule Number of EAs to be Completed per Team per Cycle Team Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Total No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Clusters 1 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 2 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 3 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 4 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 6 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 7 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 8 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 9 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 10 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 11 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 12 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 13 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 14 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 5 45 15 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 45 16 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 45 17 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 45 18 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 5 45 19 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 45 20 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 45 21 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 45 22 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 5 45 23 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 45 24 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 45 25 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 45 26 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 5 45 27 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 45 28 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 45 29 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 45 30 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 5 45 31 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 45 32 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 45 33 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 45 34 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 5 45 35 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 45 36 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 45 37 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 45 38 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leave 45 Total Clusters 175 175 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 1710 9  CHAPTER TWO 2 Legal Authority and Confidentiality of the Information 2.1 Introduction The Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 8 (GLSS 8) will be conducted in accordance with the Statistical Service Act, 2019 (Act 1003). The law allows GLSS 8 field officers to have access to any premises, compound, house, or structure solely for the purpose of the survey. It allows field officers to only ask questions required for the completion of the survey questionnaire or check entries already made. The Act forbids field officers from going outside this scope of activities. It particularly stresses maintaining the confidentiality of the information collected from individuals. Penalties are specified for both members of the public and field officers who contravene the Act. 2.2 Legal Authority for the Survey The Legal Authority for conducting GLSS 8 is the Statistical Service Act 2019 (Act 1003) which empowers the Government Statistician to conduct statistical surveys and censuses in Ghana. 2.3 Legal Right to Enter Premises to Conduct the Survey Any person authorised by the Government Statistician in writing is empowered to enter any premises within reasonable hours (i.e., between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m.) to administer the household questionnaire. This does not mean that you must work only within these hours. It may be necessary for you to work outside these hours depending on the respondent’s time schedule and consent. Any person who hinders or obstructs any Survey Official in the execution of his/her duties is guilty of an offense with the penalty of a fine or a term of imprisonment or both (Section 54c of the Statistical Service Act 2019, Act 1003). 2.4 The Act Requires the Public to Respond to Survey Enquiries The Act also prescribes penalties for failure to furnish information and for making false statements. The penalty is a fine or a term of imprisonment or both (Section 54b of the Statistical Service Act, 2019, Act 1003). 2.5 The Act Requires Survey Officials to be Truthful Field officers who falsify information will be punished. The penalty is a fine or a term of imprisonment or both (Section 54a of the Statistical Service Act, 2019, Act 1003). 2.6 The Act Demands Careful Handling of Documents and Logistics There is a penalty for the destruction, defacing, or mutilation of forms or other documents and logistics for the GLSS 8. The relevant section of the Statistical Service Act 2019, Act 1003 reads as follows: 10  “Any person, who, without lawful authority, destroys, defaces or mutilates any schedule, form or other document containing particulars obtained in pursuance of the provisions of this Act shall be guilty of an offense and liable on summary conviction to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months or to both fine and imprisonment”. 2.7 Confidentiality of Survey Information The information you obtain is CONFIDENTIAL and shall only be used to compile statistics. The law places a restriction on publishing particulars of individuals and requires that all data are published as numerical tables, summaries, and general conclusions. Field officers are prohibited from disclosing any information to anyone who is not an authorised officer (GLSS 8 team) or leaving information where others may have access to it. Disclosure of any information obtained in this survey without lawful authority is an offence liable to a fine or a term of imprisonment or both (Statistical Service Act 2019, Act 1003). You will administer the Survey Questionnaire using the CAPI. On no account should you allow any unauthorised person(s) to use your tablet or any of the Survey forms. 2.8 Taking of Oath of Secrecy To ensure confidentiality, field officers are required to take an oath of secrecy (see Appendix 7). In the oath-taking, you will promise to fulfil your duties as a Field officer faithfully and honestly and you will promise not to disclose any information which comes to your knowledge because of your engagement as an interviewer or supervisor. This oath is prescribed by the law and is administered to all the staff of the Statistical Service as well as all other persons engaged to perform a duty under the Statistical Service Law. If you violate the oath, you will be guilty of an offense and liable to punishment, which is either a fine or a term of imprisonment, or both (Statistical Service Act 2019, Act 1003). Any person who fails to take the oath will not be allowed to work as a Field officer for the Survey. 11  CHAPTER THREE 3 Conduct, Role and Responsibilities of Field Officers 3.1 Your Behaviour is Important The success of the GLSS 8 depends largely on how well respondents cooperate in giving the needed information. You will work in teams consisting of five (5) Interviewers and one Supervisor. The Interviewers are required to interview all the selected households assigned to them by the Supervisors and record accurate responses. By the time you approach the people, every effort would have been made already to publicize the GLSS 8 through all the important publicity and education channels such as the Press, Television, Radio, Community Information Centres, Chiefs, Assembly and Unit Committee Members to obtain the cooperation of the people. Nevertheless, your success as a field officer depends greatly upon your approach. 3.2 How to Approach People Whenever you are about to enter a house for an interview, remember that you are a stranger and must, therefore, observe all the following rules and customs governing visits to other people’s houses: a. knock or ring the bell and wait for a response to usher you in; b. greet and exchange customary courtesies; c. look cheerful; d. ask for an elder of the house and briefly explain the reasons for your visit; and e. answer every question that you will be asked about the exercise truthfully and politely. Example of a Prescribed Greeting: “Good morning, Sir/Madam, I work with Ghana Statistical Service which is currently conducting the Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 8 nationwide. I am a Field officer (SHOW YOUR ID CARD) assigned to this area. My work is to identify all selected households and ask questions about your living conditions. This information collected from this survey will be used to guide policy and planning for Ghana’s development. The information you give me will be strictly confidential and will not be disclosed to anybody.” Many of the people you will visit may already be aware of the nature of the work you are engaged in. If a respondent does not know about the survey, you must proceed to briefly explain the nature of the GLSS 8 operations to them. You must desist from promising any developmental projects or other rewards in cash or kind to respondents. You must also explain that GLSS 8 has nothing to do with taxation and deportation of non-Ghanaians. Explain that the information provided is confidential because the Statistical Service Act (2019) forbids the disclosure of any personal/ individual 12 information obtained to any organisation for taxation or deportation of non- Ghanaians. Immediately after the introduction and your brief explanation: a. Proceed to obtain the information required. Do not waste time with any person or group of persons as this may delay your work during the survey period. b. Do not be aggressive nor overly sociable but maintain a pleasant and business- like composure. c. When leaving the household, remember to thank the respondent, the head (if applicable) and any other member for their cooperation. 3.3 Language of the Interview You must as much as possible, conduct your interview in a language that is understood by the person who is answering the questions. Occasionally, you will meet individuals who do not understand any of the languages you speak. In such cases, you must ask the respondent to a household member or neighbour that he/she trusts to translate the questions as well as the responses. The interpreter person must be told that he/she must not add anything to the questions you have asked, nor volunteer any explanations to the responses. During the interview, if the respondent raises any objection to the actions of this interpreter, ask the respondent to replace him/her. If members of any of the 15 selected households in your Cluster do not understand your language, you must, with the knowledge of your Field Supervisor, engage an interpreter. For individual interviews, when there is a language gap, allow the respondent to select an interpreter that he/she is most comfortable with. 3.4 What You Wear Matters Every Field officer will be given a GLSS 8 jacket, T-shirt and ID Card. Always wear these outfits during the survey period. Put on simple but decent clothes that are welcoming, and culturally acceptable in the locality. Do not wear anything to frighten, intimidate or offend any person or the people whose co-operation you are seeking. Do not wear clothes that resemble uniforms of a police officer, a soldier, a scout, fire, prison, customs, or immigration officer, or use paraphernalia of any political party. Avoid clothes that indecently expose parts of your body. NOTE: ALWAYS WEAR YOUR GLSS 8 JACKET or T-SHIRT AND ID CARD. Choose comfortable footwear that covers the whole foot to facilitate movement during the survey period and protect your feet. The golden rule: dress to blend into the environment of the interview. 13 Recommended attire and footwear. Examples of inappropriate attire. 3.5 Patience and Tact are Needed You must always be courteous and friendly. You must remain patient and tactful even in cases where respondents are being difficult or provoking. This is very necessary to obtain the cooperation of all kinds of people. You must not, under any circumstance, lose your temper because this can disrupt the entire survey exercise and make it difficult for you to proceed further, and again affect the main data collection. The success of the Survey largely depends upon the public’s willing cooperation, and it is your job to obtain this by being polite, tactful, and patient always. 3.6 Role and Responsibilities of the Interviewer As an Interviewer, you play an important role in the GLSS 8 operation. You are in a team of 190 Field officers with the common goal of obtaining accurate and complete information about all households and all living quarters which qualify to be 14 interviewed in the country. Your job is to ask questions about the selected households and the dwellings they occupy in your assigned clusters correctly and record the answers accurately. It is the single most important job in the Survey. The quality of the survey data will depend largely on the effort you make and the thoroughness with which you and your fellow field officers carry out your tasks. The information you collect becomes the foundation upon which the GLSS 8 results will be based. You must make thus every effort to obtain complete and accurate answers and to record them carefully and correctly. The GLSS 8 results cannot be better than the data you obtain. Incorrect data collected by field officers could potentially lead to bad decisions, policies, and development plans based on the incorrect published data and reputational damage to GSS. 3.6.1 You must work through to the end of the survey data collection exercise You are expected to work conscientiously to complete work in the area assigned to you in the stipulated time. You should not abandon the work before the end of the exercise except for the reason of sickness. In case you become ill or incapacitated while working on the Survey, you must report this immediately to your Field Supervisor or, in his/her absence, to the secretariat to arrange for your replacement. 3.6.2 You must work as a full-time field officer during the data collection period Note that your work as a GLSS 8 field officer is full-time. You are forbidden to engage in any other activity such as teaching, petty trading, political or religious activities during the period of the survey exercise. 3.6.3 You must work without the assistance of unauthorised persons You must not permit anybody, not even members of your family or household, to help you with your work. Note that punitive action would be taken against you if found culpable. 3.6.4 You must be a team player A successful data collection exercise requires teamwork. You must therefore be a responsive and reliable team member. The survey data collection is not complete until work in all assigned clusters is completed. As such, your supervisor can send you to assist a member of your team to complete a day’s work, if necessary. 3.6.5 Checking the Completed Questionnaire After finishing each interview, you must verify that all the sections have been filled out correctly. You must make sure that all required information for the entire household members indicated in each section has been recorded correctly. This must be done immediately after the interview before data is transmitted to the supervisor and, most importantly, before leaving the Enumeration Area. 15 You must never under any circumstance make any other changes in the completed questionnaire without asking the respondent the same questions again. Errors detected must be corrected during your next visit to the households. 3.7 Interviewing Skills Field officers must master the following interviewing skills which involve knowing how to: a) establish a good rapport with the respondent; b) obtain respondents’ consent before starting an interview; c) be attentive and listen to responses provided by the respondent; d) ask questions without changing the meaning or sequence; e) probe and ask follow-up questions to elicit the right responses; f) record information accurately; g) maintain neutrality throughout the interview period; h) refrain from suggesting answers to the respondents; i) be courteous, patient, and tactful; j) handle difficult or reluctant respondents; k) patiently go through the interview with the respondent; l) answer questions from the respondent frankly; and m) position yourself (sitting or standing) appropriately during interviews. 3.8 How to Deal with Difficult Respondents Occasionally, you may come across people with a suspicious or uncooperative attitude. In such cases: a) you may obtain help from neighbours whom you have already interviewed. You should try to find another person known to the uncooperative respondents to help you to explain the purpose of your visit. This may help you obtain a favourable response; b) if he/she still refuses to cooperate, take note and report the matter to your Field Supervisor who will also engage this respondent. The Supervisor must explain to the uncooperative person that all the information you are collecting is confidential and will not be disclosed to anyone; c) if the Supervisor is unsuccessful, he/she should seek assistance from opinion leaders in the community. [This is one of the reasons why you are always required to pay a courtesy call on the Chief or Headman or Assemblyman/woman of any town, village, or hamlet you visit before you start your work so you can request their assistance]; and d) if the respondent is still uncooperative, then the Supervisor should notify the Regional Statistician and subsequently the GLSS 8 secretariat. 3.9 Things You Must DO a) Study your Manual thoroughly in order to adhere to the survey field procedures and do your work efficiently; 16 b) Carry your Identity Card, introductory letter, tablet and Field officer’s Manual with you at all times while working; c) Interview only adults; d) Always conduct the interview in such a way that the respondents are always assured of “confidentiality”; e) Sync with your Supervisor after each day’s work; f) Be patient, tolerant, and courteous at all times when dealing with respondents; g) Keep to appointed times with your respondents; h) As far as possible, visit again and again, households where interviews have not been completed; and i) Discuss all your problems and uncertainties with your Field Supervisor. 3.10 Things You Must NOT DO a) Do not interview people in a group except when they are members of the same household; b) Do not permit any unauthorised person to accompany you on your visits. If, in an exceptional case, you have to depend on a guide to locate a hamlet or house, ask them to excuse you before you start the interview; c) Do not keep your respondents waiting after you schedule an appointment with them; d) Do not argue with your respondents; e) Do not enter any fictitious information on your Tablet. You will be found out and charged with fraud. In some cases, respondents themselves will tell you “to provide the answers for them”. You should patiently explain to them that the Survey regulation does not allow you to provide information for respondents and that you would be charged with fraud if you did that. f) Do not discuss politics or religion, or involve yourself in any controversial arguments; g) Do not disclose to anyone, except to GLSS 8 officials, any of the information you receive in the course of your duties as an Interviewer; h) Do not permit any unauthorised person, not even a member of your family, to see the information entered on the tablet; i) Do not delegate your work as an Interviewer to another person; and j) Do not combine your work with any other activity (economic, personal, religious, political selling of items or any other commercial or organisational interest). 3.11 The Success of GLSS 8 Depends on You The success of the GLSS 8 depends on how well you carry out your tasks as an Interviewer. Among other things, you must be conscientious and honest. Do not hesitate to bring to the notice of your Field Supervisor anything which strikes you as being doubtful. Note that your entries will be carefully checked during and after data collection is completed in a cluster, and you will be asked to go back to the field and correct all your mistakes at your own cost. 17 3.12 Role and Responsibilities of Field Supervisor The Field Supervisor is responsible for all clusters assigned to him/her. He/She has specific roles before, during and end of fieldwork. Before fieldwork a) Collect all necessary materials including the maps of the clusters allocated to the team; b) Develop an itinerary for the team and present it to the GLSS 8 Secretariat before leaving for the field; c) Arrange to meet community leaders and/or traditional authorities to inform them about the objectives of the Survey, and solicit their cooperation; and d) Identify the boundaries of the assigned clusters. During fieldwork a) Assign selected households to interviewers in your team before work commences. b) Ensure that interviewers have correctly identified all households assigned to them; c) Ensure that interviewers have asked the appropriate questions to all the identified household members as well as the dwellings they occupy; d) Check and assist interviewers to address challenges that may be encountered during the interviewing; e) Review the interviewers' work by carrying out checks on the answers to various questions, parts and sections of the questionnaire; f) Report unresolved issues to the Regional Statistician or the GLSS 8 Secretariat; g) Sync with interviewers daily and review their work for errors and inconsistencies; h) Check for partial save cases and ensure that you revisit these households for corrections and completeness; i) Sync with interviewers anytime there is a CAPI update; j) Conduct re-interviews; k) Sync to HQ daily. [Note: No Sync, No Sleep (NSNS)]; l) Act on feedback from Data Quality Monitors (DQMs) on data-related errors; m) Report to the Data Quality Monitoring Team (DQMT) and request support where necessary; n) Notify DQM when a cluster is completed and closed; and o) Report to the Secretariat all vehicle-related issues. End of fieldwork a) Account for all structures in the assigned clusters and make sure they reflect in the database; b) Account for the total number of localities expected for each Type 3 EAs; c) Ensure that data for the clusters assigned to the team have no duplicates, gaps, or partial saves; d) Resolve all inconsistencies and errors identified in each cluster assigned to your team; e) Reconcile data on tablets with DQM; 18 f) Collect all returnable materials and logistics and submit them to the Secretariat; g) Return signed Assets and Material Return Forms; and h) Submit all financial returns to the Secretariat. 3.13 Relations With the Supervisor Interviewers should always follow the advice given to him/her by the supervisor who is the representative of the GLSS 8 Secretariate at the regional level. He/she will assign each interviewer to work at the beginning of each cycle of the survey. To certify that your work is up to standard, the supervisor will carry out the following checks in the field. a) He/she will examine in detail all questionnaires filled out by each interviewer to verify that each interview was conducted completely and properly. b) He/she will make random visits to some of the households that each interviewer has already interviewed to make sure that you went to the correct addresses. c) He/she will observe three or more of your interviews in a cycle to evaluate your method of asking questions. Interviewers will not be informed in advance. d) Each day he/she will discuss your work with you and make regular reports to the Project Directorate on your performance in the field. Your supervisor is the link between you and the survey organisation. Just as you will receive instructions from him/her, you must inform him/her of any difficulties or problems that you encounter. For instance, if you do not understand a procedure or the meaning of a question in the questionnaire, you should ask your supervisor for an explanation. 3.14 Roles of the Senior Interviewer 1. edits all completed questionnaires in the cluster; 2. sits and observes interviews; 3. assists Supervisor in the administration of the community and prices questionnaires; 4. reviews performance with interviewers; 5. relieves each interviewer 3 days of the 35-day cycle; and 6. also steps in as an interviewer in emergency situations. 3.15 Child Protection and Field Ethics Child protection The GLSS 8 Field Officers will come into contact with different categories of persons irrespective of their sex, age, race, ethnic background, and religious affiliation. Field Officers are therefore to ensure the protection of the rights of their respondents (ensuring informed consent, privacy, confidentiality, anonymity, non-discrimination and dignity). One of such categories of persons that require utmost attention are children. The available legislations and policy frameworks define a child as any person below the age of 18 years. Child Protection is the prevention of, and response to, exploitation, abuse, neglect, harmful practices and violence against children. As part of a broader concept of children's rights, all children have the right to be protected from all forms of child 19 abuse, neglect, exploitation and violence. Ghana’s 1992 Fourth Republican Constitution establishes the rights of the child and provided the framework for the enactment of appropriate legislation to protect the rights of children. Similarly, The Children’s Act, 1998 (Act 560) provides for the rights of the child. The GLSS 8 acknowledges that child protection issues are paramount, particularly, during specific sessions, and parts of the questionnaire administration - functional literacy, apprenticeship, child work, anthropometry measures, measure of upper arm circumference (MUAC), waist and hip measurements, where children will be engaged directly. Field ethics and rules To ensure that all Field Officers engage in acts consistent with the child protection policy of Ghana, Field Officers must ADHERE to these instructions: 1. Treat every child with the utmost dignity and respect. 2. Interview only children who have been pre-selected for GLSS 8. 3. Seek the consent of the parent/guardian of the selected child as well as the consent of the child before commencing every interview. Note that, the consent of the child is as paramount as that of the parent/guardian. If the parent/guardian agrees that the child should be interviewed, but the child declines after several attempts to convince her/him, respect the decision of the child. 4. Put on a smiling face before, during, and after the interview to make the child comfortable around you. 5. Accept any courtesy that will be provided to you during the interview of a child in the household. In addition, Field Officers must AVOID the following: 1. Avoid any form of stigma, and discrimination against any child (whether selected or not selected for interview) in the community you will be working. 2. Do not promise any child before, during, and after the interview, any gift including food aside what GLSS 8 will provide. 3. Do not carry any child – on the lap, chest or at the back. This could be misinterpreted by some members of the community, or can endanger the child if something goes wrong while handling the child. 4. Avoid posing leading information or questions to the child as this will put the child in an expectant mood – example, have you eaten or are you hungry? Such a question may make the child feel that you will provide her/him with food. 5. Do not wear, hold or possess any outfit, item or object, respectively, that has the