NCM 114 Care of Older Adults Week 1 PDF

DE OCAMPO MEMORIAL COLLEGE Ramon Magsaysay Blvd. Sta. Mesa, Manila COLLEGE OF NURSING NCM 114 CARE OF OLDER ADULTS WEEK 1...

DE OCAMPO MEMORIAL COLLEGE Ramon Magsaysay Blvd. Sta. Mesa, Manila COLLEGE OF NURSING NCM 114 CARE OF OLDER ADULTS WEEK 1 Prepared by: Julie Ann P. Para, RN, MAN (U) Principles of geriatrics and gerontology Gerontology - Is a multidisciplinary and is concerned with physical, mental, and social aspects, and implications of aging. - Is concerned with the biological, psychological, economic, and social study of aging. - A holistic study of aging and how environment and aging affects a person. Geriatrics - Is a medical specialty focused on care and treatment of older persons. - Study and management of diseases of the elderly. Although gerontology and geriatrics have differing emphases, they both have the goal of understanding aging so that people can maximize their functioning and achieve a high quality of life. Areas - Skilled nursing facilities o Like a small hospital where they can get nursing care. - Retirement communities o Where nurses create group activities and tasks. - Adult day care o Create plans on how to make the day of an older person worthwhile. - Residential care facilities o Like a house o When families cannot take care of their old folks anymore they transfer them here. - Transitional care units o Inside the hospital older clients may regress, these facilities gets the older person back to their normal stature and disposition and be more independent. - Rehabilitation hospitals o Strengthens systems of older clients. - Community based home care Principle and goal - Health promotion, health protection, disease prevention, and treatment of disease with emphasis on the evidence-based best practices and current clinical practice guidelines. - The goal for nurses who provide health care to older people is not only to improve the length of life, but to improve the quality of life. o Quality of life is achieved by dignity, respect, and advocacy. Subdivision - Aging happens at the beginning of conception and continues to the remainder of life. - These are subdivided to determine life expectancy - Life expectancy- number of years from the birth the individual can expect to live. - Young old- 60-74 years old - Middle old- 75-84 years old - Old old- 85-90 years old - Centennarians- 100 and above - Ages 70-79- septogerarians - Ages 80-89- octogerarians AGEISM - Stereotyping or discrimination against individuals or groups base on their age - Negative feedback towards aging and the elderly MYTH VS. FACT MYTH FACT Being old means being sick Fewer than 5% of people over the age of 65 are frail enough to require care in a skilled nursing facility Many older adults have chronic diseases but still function quite well Most older people are set in their Older people can learn new things and should be ways and cannot learn new things challenged to stay mentally active or take up new activities Healthy older adults find hobbies that they can enjoy to give life meaning and pleasure Health promotion is wasted on It is never too late to begin good lifestyle habits such as older people eating healthy diet and engaging in exercise Although it may not be possible to reverse all of the damage caused by bad habits, it’s never too late to stop smoking cigarettes or drinking too much alcohol. Even people who quit smoking at older ages enjoy better health outcomes than those who continue to smoke Older adults do not pull their own Older people contribute greatly to society by supporting weight and are a drain in societal the arts, doing volunteer work, and helping with grand resources children Paid employment is not the only measure of value and productivity and older people continue to make contributions to society into advanced old age and many continue working, volunteering and mentoring others ling after formal retirement Older people are isolated and Many older people join clubs and do volunteer work to lonely stay active and connected There are many ways to maintain contact with people and healthy older adults have a variety of great options for staying connected with others Older people have no interest in Although sexual activity does decrease in some older sex people, there are tremendous differences. Most often, the human need for affection and physical contact continues throughout life DEMOGRAPHICS OF AGING - There are currently around 901 million people aged 60 or over worldwide, representing 12.3 percent of the global population. By 2030, this will have increased to 1.4 billion or 16.5 percent, by 2050, it will have increased to 2.1 billion or 21.5 percent of the global population. - Old age is often considered from the economic perspective, with assumptions of what ageing population will cost. Yet wellbeing in later life is an accumulation of experiences throughout life. - As older adults increase there is also increase in the demand for health needs and health providers. Note: To determine that the country is aging, there should be at least 10% of the population of 60 years old and above in a country FEMINIZATION OF LATER LIFE - Male exposure to risk factors may account for the differences o Smoking, Vices and Occupational Risks - Increases in females exposures to risk factors will reduce difference in life expectancy - Women are known to live for at least 75 years old - May also occur due to transgenerational which means there are more born females than males The Philippines There are also policies and programs that recognize older people’s contribution, provide entitlements to access social services promote their full employment and maximize opportunities for their participation in national development. The government also recognizes the need to address older people’s specific need in terms of healthcare, housing and income security. While older people still face challenges in achieving income security and health status, the government is taking positive action, such as the Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010. Targeted old age allowance is still too limited to make any difference. In 2010, Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 or RA 9994 An act granting addition benefits to Senior Citizens § 20% discount in exception to VAT § 5% discount for utility bills (electricity and water)  § Exception from training fees (seminars conducted by the government) § Free medical and dental services in all DOH hospitals § If the Senior Citizen is considered indigent, s/he will not be charged for Flu vaccines in DOH Hospitals; will be given educational assistance; § Pensions from SSS, GSIS or PAG-IBIG § Given death benefits of a minimum 2,000.00 from the DSWD § Priority lanes in government agencies § Some LGUs grant Php 100,000.00 to centenarians The Philippines has a young population with a small (6.8%) proportion of the population in the older ages (60+) In the Philippines, the number of older people is increasing rapidly, faster than growth in the total population. In 2000, there were 4.6 million senior citizens (60 years and older), representing about 6% of the total population. In two decades, this has grown to 9.4 million older people or about 8.6% of the total population. The World Population Prospects 2019 projects that by 2050, older people will make up around 16.5% of the total population By 2025, we would have 11.9 million older people accounting for about 10% of the total population. By then, the Philippines will be an aging population by UN definition. 2019 2050 Population aged 60 and above (total) 9,433,000 23,863,000 Population aged 60 and above (% of 8.6 16.5 total population) Older women aged 60+ (% of total 4.83 9.40 population) Life Expectancy (males) 67.08 71.88 Life Expectancy (females) 75.31 79.5 Old-Age Dependency Ratio Age (Age 8.6 17.7 65+ / Age 15-64) Rural older people (% of total 6.48 population) Urban older people (% of total 6.54 population) Older persons living alone aged 60 5.4 and above (% of total population) Old-Age Dependency Ratio –comparing number of adolescence to senior citizens