TLE-AFA-Agri Crop Production PDF

9 TLE-AFA-AGRI CROP PRODUCTION Quarter 1 – Module 5: Occupational Health and Safety Measures in the Workplace TLE – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 5: Occupational Health and Safety Measures in the Workplace First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 1...

9 TLE-AFA-AGRI CROP PRODUCTION Quarter 1 – Module 5: Occupational Health and Safety Measures in the Workplace TLE – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 5: Occupational Health and Safety Measures in the Workplace First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Rosalyn L. Flores Editor: Silreyta D. Calijan, Desan P. Mondia Reviewers: Jonathan L. Bayaton Illustrator: Jefferd C. Alegado Typesetter: Reynald M. Manzano, Rosalyn L. Flores Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid Adolf P. Aguilar Elmar L. Cabrera Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D Antonio B. Baguio, Ed.D. Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 E-mail Address: [email protected]  9 TLE-AFA-AGRI CROP PRODUCTION Quarter 1 – Module 6: Procedures in Land Preparation  What I Need to Know At the end of the module you should be able to: 1. Identify OHS hazards in the workplace; 2. Conduct hazard report based on OHS requirements; and 3. Observe proper procedures in the conduct of the report. What I Know Let us determine how much you already know about the personal protective equipment. Take this test. I. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write only the letter of your choice. 1. It is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee's health. Anything which may cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. a. Chemicals b. Exposure c. Risk d. Hazard 2. It is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. a. Risk b. Exposure c. Hazard d. Chemicals 3. This occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard. a. Risk b. Exposure c. Hazard d. Chemicals 4. This includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects slippery surfaces, manual handling, (lifting , pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting ventilation, air quality. a. Chemicals c. Psychosocial environment b. Mechanical and/or electrical d. Physical ii 5. It includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists. a. Mechanical and/or electrical c. Biological b. Chemicals d. Psychosocial environment 6. It includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that could lead to fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts and fumes from various processes such as welding. a. Chemicals c. Mechanical and/or electrical b. Psychosocial environment d. Biological 7. It includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals. a. Biological c. Mechanical and/or electrical b. Chemicals d. Psychosocial environment 8. It includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of sources. a. Psychosocial environment c. Chemicals b. Biological d. Mechanical and/or electrical 9. It is the physical or environmental conditions of work which comply with the prescribed Occupational Health Safety (OHS) standards and which allow the workers to perform his or her job without or within acceptable exposure to hazards. a. Safety c. Psychosocial environment b. Biological d. Chemicals 10. It is the practice related to production and work process. a. Occupational Safety c. Psychosocial environment b. Safety d. Biological Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson iii Lesson Occupational Health and 5 Safety Measures in the Workplace Many hazards are present in the farm. If the farmers are not aware of these hazards these may cause injury to their body or may cause diseases and even death. Farmers should always apply appropriate safety measures while working in the farm. In this lesson the students with the guidance and supervision of their teacher should identify farm works that involve the use of chemicals and hazardous tools and equipment; determine the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and determine farm emergency procedures regarding safety working environment. What’s In 1. What is PPE? 2. How does PPE protect workers? 3. Enumerate the different PPEs. 4. When and where should you wear PPE? Notes to the Teacher This contains OHS that will help you in guiding the learners to reduce illness, accidents and help prevent injury or disastrous events in the workpace. 1  What’s New 1. What when working in a workplace with materials, tools and equipment, are we exposed to 2. How can prevent hazard and risk from recurring? 3. Do you know what is risk and hazard? What is It APPLY APPROPRIATE SAFETY MEASURES WHILE WORKING IN FARM HAZARD and RISK EXPOSURE IN THE FARM Agricultural crop production deals with a lot of activities to be done in the different workplace. While performing these activities we expose ourselves to a lot of risk. Workplace hazard is a major cause of accident, injury, or harm to a worker 2 who performs such task. These hazards should be the major concern of all who are involved in a certain job or work. It is important to distinguish hazard, risk and exposure when undertaking risk management. Hazard is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee's health. Anything which may cause injury or ill health to anyone or a near a workplace is a hazard. Risk is the livelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. The level of the risk increases with the severity to the hazard and the duration and the frequency of exposure. Exposure occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard. TYPES OF HAZARD Hazards are classified into five different types. They are: 1.Physical – includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects, slippery surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air quality. 2.Mechanical and /or electrical – includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists. 3.Chemical – includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that could lead to fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts and fumes from various processes such as welding. 4. Biological – includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals. 5. Psychosocial environment – includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of sources. FARM EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFETY WORKING ENVIRONMENT Identify the potential emergencies. The emergencies that may occur on a crop production farm could include: a. Fire b. Flood c. Typhoon d. machinery equipment e. electrical shock f. snake or spider bite g. chemical exposure h. injuries i. illness and 3  j. accidents 1. Provide emergency facilities appropriate for the sorts of emergencies that might occur on the farm (e. g. deluge showers, eye washes, firefighting equipment, first aid kits). 2. Make sure that the correct equipment is available to contain and handle any chemical or other dangerous materials spills that might happen. 3. To help minimize the risk of a personal injury or property damage in the event of an emergency, people working on and visiting the farm need to know and understand the emergency procedures and their responsibilities. 4. Instruct every one working on the farm in the emergency response procedures. 5. Everyone should know the location of the fire alarms, fire extinguishers and first Aid kits; how and where to contact emergency services ; and where to safely assemble in the event of an emergency. The following factors may increase risk of injury or illnesses for farm workers 1. Age – injury rates are highest among children age 15 and under and adults over 65. 2. Equipment and Machines – most farm accidents and fatalities involve machinery, proper machine guarding and doing equipment maintenance according to manufacturer’s recommendations can help prevent accidents. WORKPLACE HAZARD REPORTING PROCEDURES Incident reporting is critical, and near-miss reporting is important, but hazard reporting is also extremely necessary for the safety of your workforce. All hazards that are found in the workplace should be reported immediately to a supervisor, the safety department or management. This is a standard practice 4 that should exist in any workplace and every employee should be made aware that this is the appropriate action to take should they encounter any hazard or potential hazard they discover. However, many employees may feel (justified or not) that the hazards they encounter, sometimes on a daily basis, are just how things are and reporting them is not necessary. Designing, setting up and communicating a Hazard Reporting Program is a good idea for any business to help avoid this potentially dangerous attitude. Implementing a Hazard Reporting Program will help ensure that your workplace is safer for your employees and reduce costly incidents or business interruptions. All employees should be trained in hazard recognition and avoidance. Hazard Reporting is a critical part of this training so that employees know exactly what to do when they encounter a hazard they can’t immediately correct. Don’t get overwhelmed by the word “training” because you can design the training to be as simple as you need for your specific team. Depending on the types of hazards your employees might encounter, this training could be a mandatory all-day in-person training session for high-hazard jobs, or on-the-job training led by a competent supervisor, or even a 30-minute safety meeting. For low-hazard jobs, at least consider an annual online training or email reminder so employees understand hazard reporting is not only acceptable but also expected. During hazard reporting training, the following points should be emphasized: What is an unsafe condition that should be reported? This is any circumstance found in the workplace that could allow an incident to occur that might harm people, equipment or property. Give examples specific to your workplace such as rusted or broken tools, inadequate PPE provided, containers that are not labeled, insufficient stairway lighting, broken machine guards, or a leaking refrigerator in the break room. What is an unsafe act that should be reported? This is any behavior that could lead to an incident that might harm people, equipment or property. Unsafe acts might not be intentional. Examples of unsafe acts might include using equipment in a careless manner or not using PPE as required. What should be done if an unsafe condition or act is witnessed in the workplace? This depends on the hazard reporting procedure in your workplace so be specific. Let employees know exactly what steps they should take which could be filling out a form or verbally telling a supervisor. When should a hazard be reported? Any unsafe condition or act should be reported immediately, or at the next available safe opportunity that the employee has to do so. What should employees expect after a hazard is reported? Let employees know what the expected time frame is for corrective and preventative measures that are expected and how employees can follow-up on the corrections progress, if needed. Where can employees find a copy of the Hazard Reporting Procedure? Are hard copies of procedures kept at headquarters, or is the Safety Manual found online on the company’s intranet? It’s important that employees know how they can access all company policies and procedures on their own. 5  You can start simple when it comes to implementing a hazard reporting system in your workplace, and then let this program evolve as the company grows, significant workforce is hired or new industry sectors are added. Here are some examples of what a hazard reporting program might look like, simple to more complex. Design a program that works for your company and your employees. Document the procedure in a step-by-step format that is easy to understand and the communicate to your employees what the process is and where they can find the procedure to reference at any time. Example 1: Example 2: 6 Example 3: Example 4: Example 5: Incident and accident reporting is critical, and near-miss incident reporting is important, but hazard reporting is also extremely necessary for the safety of your workforce. Addressing a potential hazard before it causes an injury or property damage can save any company significant losses. Giving employees an avenue that they can pursue to report hazards and unsafe acts empowers them to feel like they are an integral part of the company, but only if those hazards are addressed, corrected and resolved. 7 A successful workplace safety and health program includes a hazard reporting process that is effective. Hazard reporting ensures employees: are involved in your safety management system aware and vigilant for current safety issues respect safety management as a means of creating a safe, productive work environment Hazard reporting ensures that supervisors, managers and the safety department have the information they need to control hazards before they become a liability, ultimately saving the company money. If employees are reluctant to report hazards in the workplace, here are some great ways to improve the quality of hazard reporting in your safety program. Make reporting as easy as possible. Ensure there is no negative stigma and no punishment attached to hazard reporting. Give recognition to those who submit hazard reports. Engage workers in the resolution of hazards to ensure the correction is satisfactory for all involved and does not create additional hardships inadvertently. Keep an open discussion about safety issues, perhaps following up on the specific hazard reported at the next safety meeting. Never assign blame to an individual when it comes to hazards found. Rather, attribute hazards to “systems” like insufficient budget assigned for tool replacements, lack of training, or comprehensive process needed. Post signs or posters around the workplace that reinforces the message that unsafe conditions and acts must be reported. 8  What’s More Example of a Hazard Report (Template) What should I do if I notice a hazard? You should report it immediately to your supervisor. You do not need to wait for an inspection team to come by. In fact, health and safety legislation requires employees to report hazards to their supervisor. The immediate hazard reporting process allows employees to report hazardous conditions or practices as they notice them. This procedure allows for prompt reporting and subsequent corrective action without waiting for the next round of regular inspections. Hazards can be reported verbally or by filling a simple form available at bulletin boards or other conspicuous places. The following is an example of such a form. Hazard Report Form - Example Name: Date: Location: Equipment: Description of the hazard: Suggested corrective action: Signature: Supervisor's remarks: Corrective action taken: Signature of Supervisor: Date: IDENTIFICATION Direction: Write the word/s that corresponds to the statements below. Write the answers in your notebook. 9 1._______________ is the potential for harm or adverse effect on an employee's health. 2. _______________is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. The level of risk increases with the severity of the hazard and the duration and frequency of exposure. 3._______________occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard. 4._______________includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects, slippery surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air quality. 5. ______________ includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists. 6. ______________ includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that could lead to fire or explosions, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts and fumes from various processes such as welding. 7. ______________ includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals. 8.______________includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of sources. 9. ______________the physical or environmental conditions of work which comply with the prescribed Occupational Health Safety (OHS) standards and which allow the workers to perform his or her job without or within acceptable exposure to hazards. 10.______________the practices related to production and work process. What I Have Learned I have learned that… ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 10 I have realized that… ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________  What I Can Do IDENTIFYING HAZARDS Materials 2 sheets bond paper 1 pc Pencil/Ball pen INSTRUCTION: 1. Visit a backyard garden in your neighborhood. 2. Observe the surroundings. 3. List all possible hazards observed 4. Classify these hazards 5. Identify persons who are at risk with this hazard 6. Suggest all possible solutions to reduce or eliminate the risk 7. Make a hazard report. Follow the format from the discussion. 8. Perform the activity with the guidance and supervision of your guardian or parent. Find out by accomplishing the Scoring Rubric honestly and sincerely. Remember it is your learning at stake! CRITERIA SCORE Potential hazards are properly identified 20 15 10 5 Report is properly made Suggestions are made to reduce risk Potential victims are properly identified Use of proper PPE during the conduct of the survey 11 Used appropriate tools Assessment I. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write only the letter of your choice. Use your notebook for your answer. 1. It is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee's health. Anything which may cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. a. Chemicals b. Exposure c. Risk d. Hazard 2. It is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace. a. Risk b. Exposure c. Hazard d. Chemicals 3. This occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard. a. Risk b. Exposure c. Hazard d. Chemicals 4. This includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects slippery surfaces, manual handling, (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air quality. a. Chemicals c. Psychosocial environment b. Mechanical and/or electrical d. Physical 5. It includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists. a. Mechanical and/or electrical c. Biological b. Chemicals d. Psychosocial environment 12  13 Additional Activities ASSESSMENT WHAT I CAN DO 1. Physical (It will be graded using I. 2. Mechanical and/or the rubric.) 1. D Electrical 2. A 3. Chemical 3. B 4. Biological 4. D 5. Physical 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A What I Have Learned What’s More What I Know? Answers may vary l. I. 1. Hazard 1. D 2. Risk 2. A 3. Exposure 3. B 4. Physical 4. D 5. Mechanical and/or 5. A electrical 6. A 6. Chemicals 7. A 7. Biological 8. A 8. Psychosocial 9. A environment 10. A 9. Safety 10. Occupational Safety ll. Answers may vary. III. What’s New? 1. hazard 2. Answer may vary 3. Answer may vary Answer Key References Hazard Report https://sitemate.com/us/resources/articles/safety/hazard-report- example/#:~:text=A%20hazard%20report%20is%20the,formal%20record%20of%20t hat%20hazard. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.prochoi ce.com.au%2Fworkplace-safety%2Fsafety-hazard- reporting%2F&psig=AOvVaw2a- cFClrL4d87GPryDTuLz&ust=1594711693419000&source=images&cd =vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCKCNoajayeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD https://www.google.com/search?q=workplace%20safety%20measures%20icon&tbm =isch&tbs=isz%3Al&hl=en- US&ved=0CAEQpwVqFwoTCPjT6qrMyeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAO&biw=1349 &bih=608#imgrc=8cv6oVX2Qe0ecM&imgdii=1Iu5Zp3s4AwRDM https://weeklysafety.com/blog/workplace-hazard-reporting https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/work/work-overview/top-work-related-injury- causes/#:~:text=Work%20Overview,- Top%20Work%2DRelated&text=The%20top%20three%20leading%20causes,involvi ng%20days%20away%20from%20work. For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 Email Address: [email protected] Website: lrmds.depednodis.net