Female Development Questions, Part 1 PDF

**Section I: Anatomy and Functions of the Female Reproductive System** **1. What is the function of the uterine tube?**\ A) Store and nourish oocytes\ B) Produce estrogen and progesterone\ C) Transport the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and serve as the site of fertilization\ D) Facilitate impla...

**Section I: Anatomy and Functions of the Female Reproductive System** **1. What is the function of the uterine tube?**\ A) Store and nourish oocytes\ B) Produce estrogen and progesterone\ C) Transport the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and serve as the site of fertilization\ D) Facilitate implantation of the zygote\ E) Protect the uterus during pregnancy\ **Correct Answer:** C **2. Where does fertilization typically occur in the uterine tube?**\ A) Infundibulum\ B) Ampulla\ C) Isthmus\ D) Interstitial part\ E) Cervix\ **Correct Answer:** B **3. What are the finger-like projections that capture the ovum after ovulation?**\ A) Fimbriae\ B) Cilia\ C) Granulosa cells\ D) Alveoli\ E) Ligaments\ **Correct Answer:** A **4. What type of tissue lines the inner mucosa of the uterine tube?**\ A) Stratified squamous epithelium\ B) Simple columnar epithelium with cilia\ C) Dense fibrous connective tissue\ D) Transitional epithelium\ E) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section II: Histology of the Ovary** **5. What is the outermost layer of the ovary called?**\ A) Tunica albuginea\ B) Germinal epithelium\ C) Medulla\ D) Cortex\ E) Perimetrium\ **Correct Answer:** B **6. Where are ovarian follicles found?**\ A) Germinal epithelium\ B) Cortex of the ovary\ C) Medulla of the ovary\ D) Peritoneum\ E) Tunica albuginea\ **Correct Answer:** B **7. What structure provides blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to the ovary?**\ A) Cortex\ B) Stroma\ C) Medulla\ D) Tunica albuginea\ E) Granulosa cells\ **Correct Answer:** C **8. What type of connective tissue supports the ovary's structure?**\ A) Hyaline cartilage\ B) Dense irregular connective tissue\ C) Stroma\ D) Adipose tissue\ E) Reticular tissue\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section III: Uterus and Its Regions** **9. Which region of the uterus is located above the uterine tubes?**\ A) Body\ B) Isthmus\ C) Cervix\ D) Fundus\ E) Endometrium\ **Correct Answer:** D **10. What layer of the uterus sheds during menstruation?**\ A) Myometrium\ B) Perimetrium\ C) Endometrium functional layer\ D) Endometrium basal layer\ E) Cervical canal\ **Correct Answer:** C **11. What is the main function of the myometrium?**\ A) Nourish the developing embryo\ B) Facilitate uterine contractions during labor\ C) Protect the uterus from external forces\ D) Secrete hormones to regulate the menstrual cycle\ E) Form the cervical plug\ **Correct Answer:** B **12. What structure connects the uterus to the vagina?**\ A) Isthmus\ B) Cervix\ C) Endometrium\ D) Round ligament\ E) Broad ligament\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section IV: Mammary Glands** **13. What is the function of the alveoli in the mammary glands?**\ A) Store milk until needed\ B) Produce milk\ C) Carry milk to the nipples\ D) Support the breast tissue\ E) Stimulate milk ejection\ **Correct Answer:** B **14. Which hormone stimulates milk production?**\ A) Oxytocin\ B) Progesterone\ C) Estrogen\ D) Prolactin\ E) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)\ **Correct Answer:** D **15. What structure transports milk to the nipple?**\ A) Lobules\ B) Lactiferous ducts\ C) Alveoli\ D) Suspensory ligaments\ E) Granulosa cells\ **Correct Answer:** B **16. What triggers the milk ejection reflex?**\ A) Progesterone secretion\ B) Suckling by the infant or emotional stimulation\ C) Increase in testosterone levels\ D) Activation of the round ligament\ E) Decrease in estrogen levels\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section V: Pathway of the Ovum** **17. What happens to the ovum during ovulation?**\ A) It is fertilized in the uterus\ B) It is released into the peritoneal cavity\ C) It implants in the uterine wall\ D) It divides into polar bodies\ E) It attaches to the fimbriae\ **Correct Answer:** B **18. How is the fertilized egg (zygote) transported to the uterus?**\ A) By blood vessels\ B) By muscular contractions and ciliary movement\ C) By lymphatic drainage\ D) By fimbrial absorption\ E) By enzymatic diffusion\ **Correct Answer:** B **19. Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur?**\ A) Cervix\ B) Fallopian tube\ C) Ampulla\ D) Endometrium of the uterus\ E) Ovary\ **Correct Answer:** D **Section VI: Oogenesis** **20. When do primary oocytes begin meiosis?**\ A) At puberty\ B) During fetal development\ C) After ovulation\ D) During fertilization\ E) After implantation\ **Correct Answer:** B **21. At what stage is the oocyte arrested until puberty?**\ A) Metaphase I\ B) Anaphase I\ C) Prophase I\ D) Metaphase II\ E) Prophase II\ **Correct Answer:** C **22. What type of follicle is surrounded by granulosa cells and contains a primary oocyte?**\ A) Graafian follicle\ B) Primordial follicle\ C) Secondary follicle\ D) Tertiary follicle\ E) Antral follicle\ **Correct Answer:** B **23. What structure forms after ovulation if fertilization does not occur?**\ A) Corpus luteum\ B) Corpus albicans\ C) Graafian follicle\ D) Secondary oocyte\ E) Zygote\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section VII: Hormonal Control** **24. What hormone triggers ovulation?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)\ D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)\ E) Prolactin\ **Correct Answer:** D **25. Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during the luteal phase?**\ A) FSH\ B) Estrogen\ C) Progesterone\ D) LH\ E) Oxytocin\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section VIII: Uterine and Ovarian Cycles** **26. During which phase of the uterine cycle does the endometrium rebuild?**\ A) Menstrual phase\ B) Proliferative phase\ C) Secretory phase\ D) Ovulatory phase\ E) Luteal phase\ **Correct Answer:** B **27. What happens during the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?**\ A) The endometrium is shed\ B) The endometrium prepares for implantation by thickening\ C) Ovulation occurs\ D) The Graafian follicle forms\ E) Primary follicles develop\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section IX: Fertilization** **28. When does the secondary oocyte complete meiosis II?**\ A) During ovulation\ B) Upon fertilization\ C) During implantation\ D) At puberty\ E) During the secretory phase\ **Correct Answer:** B **29. What is the first step in fertilization?**\ A) Implantation in the endometrium\ B) Completion of meiosis I\ C) Sperm binding to the plasma membrane of the oocyte\ D) Development of the blastocyst\ E) Fusion of gametes\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section X: Additional Questions** **30. Which uterine ligament attaches the uterus to the sacrum?**\ A) Broad ligament\ B) Round ligament\ C) Uterosacral ligament\ D) Ovarian ligament\ E) Suspensory ligament\ **Correct Answer:** C **31. What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization occurs?**\ A) It degenerates into the corpus albicans\ B) It persists to produce hormones\ C) It releases additional polar bodies\ D) It forms the blastocyst\ E) It becomes part of the ovary\ **Correct Answer:** B **32. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk ejection during breastfeeding?**\ A) Progesterone\ B) Oxytocin\ C) Estrogen\ D) Prolactin\ E) Luteinizing hormone\ **Correct Answer:** B **33. What is the function of the endometrium's basal layer?**\ A) Nourish the developing embryo\ B) Shed during menstruation\ C) Provide a base for regeneration of the functional layer\ D) Prevent uterine contractions\ E) Facilitate ovulation\ **Correct Answer:** C **34. What type of follicle contains a large antrum and is ready for ovulation?**\ A) Primordial follicle\ B) Secondary follicle\ C) Mature (Graafian) follicle\ D) Primary follicle\ E) Tertiary follicle\ **Correct Answer:** C **35. What is the role of cilia in the uterine tube?**\ A) Increase surface area for nutrient absorption\ B) Move the oocyte/embryonic mass toward the uterus\ C) Prevent the oocyte from entering the peritoneal cavity\ D) Facilitate fertilization by trapping sperm\ E) Stabilize the uterine tube during ovulation\ **Correct Answer:** B