Female Reproductive Questions part 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the uterine tube?

Facilitate implantation of the zygote

Store and nourish oocytes

Produce estrogen and progesterone

Transport the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and serve as the site of fertilization (correct)

Protect the uterus during pregnancy

Where does fertilization typically occur in the uterine tube?

Interstitial part

Ampulla (correct)

Infundibulum

Cervix

Isthmus

What are the finger-like projections that capture the ovum after ovulation?

Ligaments

Fimbriae (correct)

Granulosa cells

Cilia

Alveoli

What type of tissue lines the inner mucosa of the uterine tube?

Simple columnar epithelium with cilia Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the ovary called?

Germinal epithelium Signup and view all the answers

Where are ovarian follicles found?

Cortex of the ovary Signup and view all the answers

What structure provides blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to the ovary?

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

What type of connective tissue supports the ovary's structure?

Stroma Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the uterus is located above the uterine tubes?

Fundus Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the uterus sheds during menstruation?

Endometrium functional layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the myometrium?

Facilitate uterine contractions during labor Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the uterus to the vagina?

Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli in the mammary glands?

Produce milk Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates milk production?

Prolactin Signup and view all the answers

What structure transports milk to the nipple?

Lactiferous ducts Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the milk ejection reflex?

Suckling by the infant or emotional stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ovum during ovulation?

It is released into the peritoneal cavity Signup and view all the answers

How is the fertilized egg (zygote) transported to the uterus?

By muscular contractions and ciliary movement Signup and view all the answers

Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur?

Endometrium of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

When do primary oocytes begin meiosis?

During fetal development Signup and view all the answers

At what stage is the oocyte arrested until puberty?

Prophase I Signup and view all the answers

What type of follicle is surrounded by granulosa cells and contains a primary oocyte?

Primordial follicle Signup and view all the answers

What structure forms after ovulation if fertilization does not occur?

Corpus albicans Signup and view all the answers

What hormone triggers ovulation?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during the luteal phase?

Progesterone Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the uterine cycle does the endometrium rebuild?

Proliferative phase Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?

The endometrium prepares for implantation by thickening Signup and view all the answers

When does the secondary oocyte complete meiosis II?

Upon fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in fertilization?

Sperm binding to the plasma membrane of the oocyte Signup and view all the answers

Which uterine ligament attaches the uterus to the sacrum?

Uterosacral ligament Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization occurs?

It persists to produce hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk ejection during breastfeeding?

Oxytocin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endometrium's basal layer?

Provide a base for regeneration of the functional layer Signup and view all the answers

What type of follicle contains a large antrum and is ready for ovulation?

Mature (Graafian) follicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cilia in the uterine tube?

Move the oocyte/embryonic mass toward the uterus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Function

The uterine tube transports the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and is the site of fertilization.
Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube.
Fimbriae are finger-like projections that capture the ovum after ovulation.
The inner mucosa of the uterine tube is lined with simple columnar epithelium with cilia.

Ovary Histology

The outermost layer of the ovary is the tunica albuginea.
Ovarian follicles are found in the cortex of the ovary.
The medulla of the ovary contains blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves.
The ovary is supported by connective tissue, specifically dense irregular connective tissue.

Uterus and Its Regions

The fundus of the uterus is located above the uterine tubes.
The endometrium functional layer sheds during menstruation.

Mammary Glands

Alveoli in the mammary glands produce milk.
Prolactin stimulates milk production.
Oxytocin stimulates milk ejection.

Oogenesis

Primary oocytes begin meiosis at puberty.
The oocyte is arrested in prophase I until puberty.
A follicle surrounding the oocyte is important for its development.

Hormonal Control

LH triggers ovulation.
Progesterone maintains the uterine lining during the luteal phase.

Uterine and Ovarian Cycles

The endometrium rebuilds during the proliferative phase.
The secretory phase of the uterine cycle involves endometrial thickening for implantation.

Fertilization

Fertilization occurs when the ovum and sperm combine, which triggers the final stage of meiosis (meiosis II) in the ovum.
The blastocyst implants in the endometrium of the uterus.

Additional Questions

The broad ligament attaches the uterus to the pelvic side walls.
The corpus luteum persists to produce hormones if fertilization occurs.
During breastfeeding, oxytocin stimulates milk ejection during breastfeeding.
A mature (Graafian) follicle is ready for ovulation.
Cilia in the uterine tube move the oocyte toward the uterus.

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