Faecal Occult Test PDF

Disclosure: Please note that (e) Arteriovenous there are some mistakes, so malformations, feel free to refer to the diverticulosis (f) Haematobilia (haemobilia) original material. (g) Haemorrhoids ??? - me...

Disclosure: Please note that (e) Arteriovenous there are some mistakes, so malformations, feel free to refer to the diverticulosis (f) Haematobilia (haemobilia) original material. (g) Haemorrhoids ??? - means that what was (h) Swallowed blood from in the original material oral or nasal pharyngeal wasn’t so legible to read. bleeding. (i) Vigorous exercise can create occult blood. Detection of occult blood (j) Drugs (many). Drugs and the ingestion of using faecal occult test haemoglobin contained in Occult blood is a very small red meat such as beef and amount of blood which is not pork may cause a false visible (cannot be seen) in the positive (OB) occult stool faeces. test. Faecal occult blood test is a Faecal Blood Test POCT When OB is properly performed, a positive result Use of faecal occult blood should be an indication for a test thorough GI evaluation. 1. To diagnose; Interfering factors (a) the presence of colorectal Bleeding gums following a cancer. dental procedure. (b) Upper GIT bleeding e.g in Ingestion of red meat within the case of peptic ulcer. the 3 days before testing. (c) GI tumours. Ingestion of fish, and some (d) Inflammatory bowel vegetables such as turnips, disease. horse radish.  Drugs that may cause GI Instruct the patient not to bleeding including mix urine with the stool anticoagulants, aspirin, specimen. colchicine, iron preparations The OB can be done or (large doses) nonsteroid needs to be done for antiarthritics and steroids. multiple specimens on Drugs that may cause false separate days to increase positive results include the test accuracy. Colchicine, iron, oxidizing The patient should note drugs (e.g. iodine, bromides, that/ or if any anticoagulant boric acids, and ??? medication that the patient derivatives. may be taking. Drugs that may cause false Be gentle in obtaining stool negative results include by digital rectal examination. Vitamin C Traumatic digital Procedure and Patient examination can cause a Care false positive stool, Before the test: Explain the especially in patients with procedure to the patient and prior anorectal disease such how to collect the faecal as haemorrhoids specimen → It can be done Abnormal findings at home personally. GI Tumour Instruct the patient to Polyps refrain from drugs and food Ulcer known to interfere with OB Varices/ varicose veins testing. Inflammatory bowel Instruct the patient about disease the method or type of OB Diverticulosis test being used/ to be used. Ischaemic bowel disease GI trauma  Recent GI surgery Haemorrhoids Oesophagitis Gastritis Principle of the test The method for detection of occult blood relies on the catalytic splitting of a peroxide often hydrogen peroxide by haemoglobin and its derivatives. The oxygen released oxidize a coloured substance to a coloured form as seen on the filter paper.