Oxford Mathematics Primary Years Programme PDF

Student Book PY P O x ford Ma thema tics Pr imar y Year s Programme A n n ie Fac ch i net t i 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers th...

Student Book PY P O x ford Ma thema tics Pr imar y Year s Programme A n n ie Fac ch i net t i 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries. Published in Australia by Oxford University Press Level 8, 737 Bourke Street, Docklands, Victoria 3008, Australia. © Oxford University Press 2019 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First published 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence, or under terms agreed with the reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. ISBN 978 0 19 031220 6 Edited by Vanessa Lanaway, Red Dot Scribble Illustrated by Daniel Rieley Typeset by Newgen KnowledgeWorks Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India Proofread by Gill Owens, GO Edit Printed in China by Leo Paper Products Ltd Acknowledgements Cover and internal: Shutterstock To the teacher Ox ford Mathemat ics PY P prov ides st udent s w it h g u ided a nd i ndependent work to suppor t mat hemat ica l sk i l ls a nd u nder st a nd i ngs, as wel l as oppor t u n it ies for problem - solv i ng in rea l-world contex t s. Teacher s w ill f i nd t he suppor t i ng mater ia ls clea r, comprehen sive a nd ea sy to u se. W h i le t he ser ies of fer s complete coverage of t he PY P mat hemat ics scope a nd sequence, teacher s ca n a lso u se t he topics t hat f it wel l w it h ot her a rea s of work to suppor t st udent lea r n i ng across t he PY P c u r r ic u lu m. Student Books Each topic feat u res: Gu ided prac t ice – a worked exa mple of t he concept, fol lowed by t he oppor t u n it y for st udent s to pract ise, suppor ted by ca ref u l sca f fold i ng Independent prac t ice – f u r t her oppor t u n it ies for st udent s to con sol idate t hei r u nder st a nd i ng of t he concept in d i f ferent ways, w it h a decrea si ng a mou nt of sca f fold i ng E x tended prac t ice – t he oppor t u n it y for st udent s to apply t hei r lea r n i ng a nd ex tend t hei r u nder st a nd i ng in new contex t s. Differentiation D i f ferent iat ion is key to en su r i ng t hat ever y st udent ca n access t he c u r r ic u lu m at t hei r poi nt of need. In add it ion to t he g radu a l relea se approach of t he St udent Book s, t he Teacher Book s help teacher s to choose appropr iate pat hways for st udent s, a nd prov ide act iv it ies for st udent s who requ i re ex t ra suppor t or ex ten sion.  O x ford Ma thema tics Pr imar y Year s Pro gramme 1 C ontents N U M BE R , PAT T E R N AND F U NCT ION M E A SU R E M E N T, SH A PE AND S PACE Unit 1 Number and place value Unit 5 Using units of measurement 1. 2-digit numbers 2 1. Length and area 63 2. Reading and writing numbers 7 2. Volume and capacity 68 3. Ordering numbers 11 3. Mass 73 4. Counting on 15 4. Telling time 77 5. Partitioning 19 5. Duration 81 6. Counting back 23 Unit 6 Shape 7. Difference between 27 1. 2D shapes 85 8. Skip counting 31 2. 3D shapes 89 9. Equal shares 35 Unit 7 Location and transformation 10. Ordinal and cardinal numbers 39 1. Position 93 Unit 2 Fractions and decimals 2. Directions 97 1. Fractions of a whole 43 2. Fractions of a group 47 DATA H A N DL I NG Unit 3 Money and nancial mathematics 1. Ordering coins 51 Unit 8 Data representation and interpretation Unit 4 Patterns and algebra 1. Representing data 101 1. Patterns 55 2. Interpreting data 105 2. Number patterns 59 Unit 9 Chance 1. Chance 10 9 Glossary 113 Answers 121  UNIT 1: TOPIC 1 2-digit numbers Counting to 10 0 For wards counting pattern by 1s 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Backwards counting pattern 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 by 1s 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 0 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 What is the pattern 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 in the tens column? Guided practice 1 What comes be fore and af ter …? a 22 23 24 b 37 c 55 d 68 e 72 f 30 2 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S Independent practice 1 Fill in the missing numbers. a 26 27 28 31 b 43 45 49 c 66 67 2 Fill in the missing numbers. a b c d OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 3  Tens and ones 1 ten 1 ten and 2 ones 2 tens and 4 ones 3 tens and 7 ones 10 12 24 37 Ho w many sticks are in each bundle? Do you need to count the bundled sticks Guided practice every time? 1 How many … tens? tens? ones? ones? altogether? altogether? c d tens? tens? ones? ones? altogether? altogether? 4 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S Independent practice 1 Group in 10s, then count. a b c 2 Match the pic tures with the numbers. 26 13 31 21 3 Draw counters to show 47. OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 5  Extended practice 1 Who am I? a I have 5 tens. b I have 1 ten. I have 9 ones. I have 6 ones. I am. I am. c I have 2 tens. d I have 8 tens. I am less than 21. I am more than 88. I am. I am. 2 What is … a 2 more than 4 8? b 2 less than 61? c 1 more than 4 tens? d 1 less than 3 tens? 6 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 2 Reading and writing numbers Numbers can be shown with: words numerals pic tures t wenty - four 24 All compound numbers are written with a hyphen in them – t wenty-four, Guided practice 1 Write the numerals. a twelve b twenty - eight c f if teen d f if ty -three e four teen f for ty - ve 2 Circle the correc t way to write the numbers. a 18 eighty eighteen eighty - one b 46 four ty six six ty -four for ty -six OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 7  Independent practice 1 Match the player with the shir t. My number is I ’m number ninety -f ive. ninety. I wear number ninety -four. I wear number nineteen. 2 Write in words. a 71 b 62 c 38 d 10 0 8 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 Match the words, pic tures and numerals. six ty -three 36 seventeen 23 twenty -two 63 twenty -three 42 thir ty -six 17 for ty -two 22 I wonder why “nine” doesn’t change to make the word “ninety ” , but “ve” changes to make “fty ”? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 9  Extended practice 1 Write words and numerals for: a Words Numeral Words b Numeral Words c Numeral d Words Numeral e Words Numeral 10 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 3 Ordering numbers 50 is bigger than Look at the tens column is bigger than rst to work out which 2-digit number is bigger. is smaller than Guided practice 1 Colour the correc t word. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 bigger a smaller bigger b smaller 2 Colour the correc t word. 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 bigger bigger a b smaller smaller bigger bigger c d smaller smaller OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 11  Independent practice 1 Colour the number between: a 24 and 26. b 80 and 82. c 49 and 51. d 77 and 80. 2 Match the numbers, pic tures and words. 73 Less than 20 36 1 less than 37 63 More than 70 16 1 more than 62 12 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 Write the numbers in the correc t places. a 40 b 35 c 22 4 Write the numbers in the correc t places. a 50 b 42 c 55 d 48 5 Write the numbers from smallest to largest 13 67 113 48 37 52 84 6 Write the numbers from largest to smallest 51 86 74 15 105 21 39 Are 2-digit or 3-digit numbers bigger? Why? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 13  Extended practice 60 143 234 725 47 18 180 1 Write: a the biggest number. b the smallest number. c the numbers with a 4 in the tens place. d the numbers smaller than 50. 2 Write the numbers in the correc t place. 0 50 a 40 b 25 c 10 d 3 e 38 3 Write from smallest to largest 346 634 436 4 06 364 643 14 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 4 Counting on and 4 is 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Why is it easier to count on from the number? Star t from the bigger number to count on – 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. Guided practice 1 Count on to f ind the answers. a 9 and 3 is. 9 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 b 11 and 6 is. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 c 2 and 15 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 15 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 15  Independent practice 1 Circle the bigger number. Then count on. a 14 and 5 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 b 3 and 16 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 c 12 and 11 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 2 Show on the number line and solve. a 10 and 4 is. 10 b 4 and 13 is. c 11 and 6 is. 16 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 a How many? b Draw 6 more. c How many now? Remember, you can start from the bigger number. You don’t have to count them all again. 4 a How many? b Draw 8 more. c How many now? 5 8 and 16 a Draw the bigger number in red b Draw the smaller number in blue to count on. c How many altogether? 6 15 and 7 a Draw the bigger number in red b Draw more in blue to count on. c How many altogether? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 17  Extended practice 1 Count on from the bigger number. a 23 and 9 is. b 6 and 25 is. c 4 and 31 is. d 37 and 7 is. e 32 and 5 is. f 12 and 26 is. 2 Count on to f ind: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 a 5 more than 42. b 7 more than 53. c 12 more than 65. d 8 more than 86. 18 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 5 Partitioning Par titioning means separating. 23 can be par titioned as: 10 and 13 20 and 3 15 and 8 Ho w else could you Guided practice partition 23? 1 Record how the numbers have been par titioned. a is the same as and 7 b is the same as and 19 c is the same as and OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 19  Independent practice 1 Draw counters to show the par titions. Then f ill in the gaps. a is the same as and 8 6 b is the same as and 13 c is the same as and 16 is the d and same as 20 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  2 Par tition each number into 2 par ts. 7 14 6 and and 7 c 10 d 17 6 and 7 and e 14 f 28 10 and and 8 g 25 h 29 5 and 19 and When do you think it would be useful to partition numbers? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 21  Extended practice 1 Par tition each number 2 ways. a is the and OR and same as is the and 11 same as b is the same and OR and as is the 24 same and as 2 Find 4 ways to par tition: a 28 and is 28. and is 28. and is 28. and is 28. b 57 and is 57. and is 57. and is 57. and is 57. 22 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 6 Counting back What other words do you kno w for take a way? take away 8 is Guided practice 1 Count back to f ind the answers. a 13 take away 4 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 b 10 take away 7 is. 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 c 17 take away 5 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 17 d 19 take away 6 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 19 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 23  Independent practice 1 Circle the star ting number. Then count back. a 14 take away 2 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 b 18 take away 8 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 c 16 take away 12 is. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 Show on the number line and solve. a 20 take away 6 is. 20 b 20 take away 9 is. c 19 take away 9 is. 24 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 a How many? b Cross out 4 and count back. c How many now? Ho w could you use counting on to check your answers? 4 a How many? b Cross out 7 and count back. c How many now? a Draw 23. 5 b Cross out 9 and count back. c How many now? a Draw 28. 6 b Cross out 11 and count back. c How many now? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 25  Extended practice 1 Count back to f ind the answers. a 13 take away 6 is. b 19 take away 4 is. c 27 take away 5 is. d 30 take away 8 is. 2 Count back to f ind: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 a 5 less than 37. b 7 less than 45. c 6 less than 63. d 6 less than 81. e 9 less than 36. f 8 less than 94. 26 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 7 Difference between The dierence between 4 and 7 is 3. To nd the difference bet ween t wo numbers, you can add from from the bigger number. Guided practice 1 Find the dierence between: a 2 and 6. b 8 and 1. c 9 and 5. d 4 and 6. e 3 and 8. f 11 and 8. OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 27  Independent practice 1 Draw more to f ind the dierence between: a 4 and 8. b 3 and 9. c 7 and 13. d 14 and 18. 2 Circle the pairs that have a dierence of 3. 1 and 4 2 and 8 6 and 3 9 and 7 7 and 4 2 and 5 28 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 Count up to f ind the dierence between: a 9 and 12. 12 b 14 and 19. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 c 18 and 26. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 When might you need to kno w the difference bet ween t wo numbers? 4 Count back to f ind the dierence between: a 17 and 9. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 17 b 27 and 21. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 c 32 and 24. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 29  Extended practice 1 Find pairs of numbers with a dierence of 4. and 7 25 8 and 18 13 19 16 23 11 and 21 20 14 and 2 Show on the empty number line: a the dierence between 25 and 29. b the dierence between 37 and 43. c the dierence between 48 and 57. 30 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 8 Skip counting 5 Counting by 2s 15 Counting by 5s 25 Counting by 10s 35 Why do you think it ’ s called “skip counting”? Guided practice 1 Finish by skip counting. a Count by 2s 2 4 6 8 b Count by 5s 5 10 15 20 c Count by 10s 10 20 30 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 31  Independent practice 1 Skip count on the number line: a by 2. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 b by 5. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 c by 10. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 2 Fill in the gaps. a 2s 38 40 42 46 50 56 b 5s 35 40 50 65 75 c 10s 10 30 70 10 0 32 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  3 Skip count to f ind how many balloons, fries, rabbits and ngers. a b c d OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 33  Extended practice 1 Skip count by 2s to help the koala get to the tree. 73 88 66 98 65 56 10 0 98 Can you see a number pattern when you skip 68 87 86 28 72 70 88 96 count by 2? 76 78 80 82 84 48 60 94 74 72 48 90 86 88 90 92 71 70 63 78 68 46 64 72 2 Colour the squares to skip count by 5s from 5 and f ind the secret number. 26 14 64 46 49 52 33 78 84 3 41 5 80 65 44 30 94 22 17 63 53 37 28 10 12 15 16 75 39 81 92 56 70 35 86 60 95 50 20 47 93 87 32 55 94 91 6 25 87 59 39 45 40 85 27 21 73 90 99 77 32 24 63 72 58 68 66 43 51 31 Secret number: 34 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 9 Equal shares What does it mean if 6 shared between 3 is 2. the shares are “equal”? Guided practice 1 Complete the sentences. a 8 shared between 2 is. b 9 shared between 3 is. OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 35  Independent practice 1 a Share the sandwiches onto the plates. b How many on each? 2 a Share the owers into the vases. b How many in each? 3 a Share the mushrooms onto the piz zas. b How many on each? 36 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  4 Complete the number sentences. a shared between is. 12 b shared between is. 4 c shared between is. 2 In mathematics, “division” is another word for “sharing”. d shared between is. OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 37  Extended practice 1 a Draw 12 shared between 3. b Fill the gap. 12 shared between 3 is. 2 a Draw 15 shared between 5. b Fill the gaps. shared between is. 38 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S UNIT 1: TOPIC 10 Ordinal and cardinal numbers A cardinal number tells you ho w many things there are. An ordinal number sho ws the order or position of something. 1 2 3 4 5 6 one two three four ve six 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th rst second third four th  f th six th Guided practice 1 Follow the instruc tions to colour the mice. 1 2 3 4 5 6 a 1st: red b 2nd: grey c 3rd: purple d 4th: blue e 5th: yellow f 6th: green 2 What colour is: a the 1st? b the 2nd? c the 6th? OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 39  Independent practice 1 Match the words and numbers. 2 Match the words and numbers. rst second third four th  f th six th 3rd 1st 6th 5th 2nd 4th 3 Label the dogs from 1st to 6th. 4 Rewrite in the correc t order. second four th third rst 40 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S  5 Look at the pic ture. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Which animal is: What comes after 6th? a 1st? b 6th? c second? d third? 6 Circle the: a 2nd. b 5th. c 4th. OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S 41  Extended practice 1 Match the ac tivities to their order. step 3 step 2 step 4 step 1 4th 1st 3rd 2nd 2 Number each box. Then draw a: a in the 1st box. b in the third box. c in the 6th box. d in the last box. e in the 4th box. f in the second box. 42 OX FOR D U N I V E RSI T Y PR E S S