PSY111 Exam 2 Study Guide PDF Fall 2024-Nolan

PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan CHAPTER 5: Describe the Stages of Sleep S1 S2 S3 S4 REM What are the characteristics of these brain wave patterns Alpha- Beta- Theta- Delta- Sleep Spindles- Wha...

PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan CHAPTER 5: Describe the Stages of Sleep S1 S2 S3 S4 REM What are the characteristics of these brain wave patterns Alpha- Beta- Theta- Delta- Sleep Spindles- What is the purpose of the suprachiasmatic nucleus? What are the desired effects of these substances? Narcotics Alcohol Cannabis Stimulants Hallucinogens Sedatives Name and describe the most significant events or occurrences that could impact our circadian rhythms? (social jet lag, work shift schedule etc...) What are the three main theories of dreaming and explain each one.  PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan What is the difference between psychological and physiological dependence? What is the difference between Structuralism and Functionalism? What are the characteristics of the following Sleep Concerns/Disorders Insomnia Narcolepsy Sleep Apnea REM Sleep Behavior Disorder What do each of this devices measure? EMG EKG EOG EEG What are common trends/findings discussed in the book about Sleep & Age; Sleep & Health? How does culture impact dreams? What dreams are the most common regardless of culture? Understand the four predominant hypnotic phenomena that occur in hypnosis (as discussed in the book) CHAPTER 6:  PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan Understand key principles of classical conditioning What is higher order conditioning? What is a common example for humans in our everyday life (google search and identify the US, CS, CS2, CR) Understand key principles of operant conditioning Give an example of a: Fixed Ratio: Fixed Interval: Variable Ratio: Variable Interval: Which schedules are least and most likely to experience extinction? Positive Reinforcement: Negative Reinforcement: Punishment (add aversive stimulus; remove pleasant stimulus): How might you apply Reinforcement/Punishment to change problematic behavior? What is the difference between escape learning and avoidance learning? Give an example of each How do superstitions develop? Understand key principles of Observational Learning and the Four Processes  PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan How might you use Observational Learning to demonstrate helpful behaviors to others/children? Understand and Identify Extinction Renewal Effect Spontaneous Recovery Shaping Stimulus Generalization Stimulus Discrimination CHAPTER 7: Understand the difference between sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. What is the difference between declarative and non-declarative memory? What is chunking? What occurs during the following levels of processing? Shallow Intermediate Deep What is working memory and describe the strategies below: Visual Spatial Sketchpad Phonological Loop Understand Ebbinghaus’ curve of forgetting  PSY111 Exam 2: Study Guide; Chapters 5-7 FALL 2024-Nolan What brain structure is most commonly associated with long-term memory? What is the difference between proactive and retroactive interference? Give an example of each. Understand the following terms: Misinformation Effect- Hindsight Bias- Source Monitoring Error- Flashbulb Memory- Repression- Describe/Give an Example and/or be able to recognize the following as it relates to enhancing encoding and/or retention/retrieval: Link Method Acronym Acrostics Method of Loci Rehearsal Elaboration Visual Imagery Motivation to remember Retrieval cues Context cues Based on information covered in the book, why is there controversy about the use of repressed memories in cases of abuse/trauma? Why should be allowed? Why shouldn’t they?