English Basics PDF - Subject & Verb

Subject & verb He played Football He is a doctor I am Beautiful We are teachers Swimming is my Hobby 1 He teaches English He ate the cake He killed the cat He played badly He played there He played yesterday He plays Football They play Football...

Subject & verb He played Football He is a doctor I am Beautiful We are teachers Swimming is my Hobby 1 He teaches English He ate the cake He killed the cat He played badly He played there He played yesterday He plays Football They play Football 2 Is / am / are was/were has/have Do/Does Play / Plays I We You He She It They 3 is/am/are/was/were/be/being/been ’Be’ Verbs Exercise I ________ is ________ Have We you He ________ are ________ eats She It They 4 I am was have do play You are were have do Play V A Go Outside Imperative Sentence Parts of Speech Noun Name Proper Noun David Helen Bible Common Noun Boy Girl Book Collective Noun A gang A bery A Library of boys of girls of books Abstract Noun Honesty, Bravery, Love Material Noun Milk, Water, Copper, Aluminium Example _________ boys _________ Students _________ Oil _________ Peace 5 Nouns ty/tion/ness/ment/cy/sion/ence/ance/age/hood/th/ism Election Provision Purity Intelligence Establishment Variance Kindness Adulthood Clemency Espionage Note Pronoun Luther is a good boy. Luther goes to school. He goes to school Noun Pronoun 6 Adjectives He is a good boy They have bad teachers ive Protective ous Ominous ble Comfortable able Culpable ful Painful Adjectives less Fearless ent Intelligent ant Vibrant ic Majestic Articles He is a. He is a boy Followed by Noun 7 Preposition I was walking in the garden Preposition is followed by prepositional object (noun) Adverb (Why ?, When ?, Where ?, How ?) Adjective Noun Adverb Verb He played badly He Played Yesterday Conjunction (And, But) Joining Words Ram and Ravi are friends He walked and played He is a bright and beautiful student 8 Verb He plays football plays - Main Verb He is a Doctor is - Main verb He is playing football is - helping verb ; playing - main verb Verb 9 Example : He is an Engineer He was enjoying my class He has a car He has played Football He did somework He did play Football He had entered my Class He does understand my Class He can play Football He will come here He may fight against me It could end tomorrow They shall save me 10 11 Will be playing Will have had Will have has had Will have played Will do Will have been playing are play Will have play had had Will been playing have been Will have playing is play has being playing has been playing has been will be will been have done have did 12 The doctor was given the medicine to the patient The profit will be given to the company by the investors The class was divided into 3 sections by the leader Some students have been answered the question Many nurses have attended the course I have not been started the class I will not forget this experience John was opened the window 13 He can perform well Will have been playing Will have been played Will have be played Will have being played Will have been play Will have be playing Will be played is being played has been played Can be played 14  SHORTCUT Article Noun Preposition Noun Preposition Noun/Pronoun Article Adjective Noun Preposition Adjective Noun Be verbs V1 ing V3 Be verbs Adverb V1 ing V3 Have verbs V3 Have verbs Possession Have verb Adverb V3 Do/Does/Did V1 15 Do/Does/Did Adverb V1 Will /would/ can/could/ shall/ should may/might/must V1 Will /would/ can/could/ shall/ should may/might/must Adverb V1 noun ty / tion/ness/ment/cy/sion/ence/ance/age/hood/th/ism Adj ive/ous/ble/able/ful/less/ent/ant/ic Eg ) I want to be filled with ___________ a) Purity b) Purely c) Pure They came to us because we had an _________ student a) Intelligence (noun) b) Intelligent (adj) 16 Success Succeed Successful Successfully Careful Carefully Careless Carelessly Beauty Beautify Beautiful Beautifully Noun + ly = adjective ; Verb + ly = adverb ; Godly, Brotherly, Motherly, Beautifully, cowardly, truly, badly, costly, heavenly, scholarly, accidentally, accusingly, angrily, anxiously, breathlessly, carefully, correctly, dangerously, dutifully, effortlessly, foolishly, gracefully, greatly happily, hungrily, ironically, loudly, lovely Arrival - verb + al = noun 17 refusal - verb + al = noun Natural - noun + al = Adj National - Noun + al = Adj Political - Noun + al = adj Proposal - verb + al = noun referral - verb + al = noun approval - verb + al = noun emotional - noun + al = Adj denial - verb + al = noun financial - noun + al = Adj Accidental - noun + al = Adj Personal - noun + al = Adj 18  Non Finite Verbs 1. Crying is not good 2. She is crying 3. She patted the crying baby Eg: Smoking is dangerous Swimming is my hobby He jumped on the running bus I am tired of waiting 19 She loves swimming He scolded the sleeping student He has eaten the apple He throw the eaten apple I went to the Market We went to play 20 Non-finite 1) V1 ing (noun) gerund 2) V1 ing (adj) (Present participle) 3) V3 (adj) (Past participle) 4) to + v1 infinitive Eg: We went to teach him but he was not there Inspite of working hard he passed Although he worked hard he failed If you work hard, you will win Finite verb clause Finite verb Phrases Main clause Sub-clause 1. Subject start 1. Conjunction start 2. For (Fan boys) Except fanboys 21  And Nor But or Yet so Eg: He said that he _________ happy a) is b) will be c) was 22  RELATIVE PRONOUN Who/Whom Subjective Case Objective Case I Me We us you you He Him She Her It It They Them Who Whom He was killed by me Me - objective case 23 1) He is the boy who / whom won the race - 2 - FV 2 Clause 2) He is the Boy who / whom 3) This is the boy who / whom I was waiting for Eg : i) He is the boy who whom plays well ii) He is the student whom I was talking about iii) I am trying to meet my students with _______ I have lost contact. iv) He is trying to meet his friends _______ lives here. v) Luther ______ is a great philospher is my friend. vi) John _____ I hate is my teacher. vii) That is the girl ________ scored the goal. viii) The players __________ we selected for our team are young and ambitious ix) I dont know __________ scored the goal. x) She doesn’t understand her friend _________ is a very good man. 24  Which vs That Who - persons (Subjective case) Whom - persons (objective case) Which - animals, things That - The + adjective, Adjective + noun This is the purse ________ was lost The cat ________ crossed the road was killed The Boy and the cat ________ crossed the road were killed The Boy ________ crossed the road was killed She hates everybody and everything _______ reminds her of her mistakes He bought a gift ________ he gave to me I saw the mobile ________ was found by him This is the same purse ________ was lost The beautiful cat ________ crossed the road was killed The Smart Boy and the beautiful cat ________ crossed the road were killed The Tall Boy ________ crossed the road was killed He bought an expensive gift ________ he gave to me 25 I saw the costly mobile ________ was found by him I met the best batsman ________ has played cricket Subject Verb Agreement Singular Subject Singular Verb Plural Subject Plural Verb Ram is my friend Ram and Ravi is/are friends Bread and Butter is / are my favourite breakfast Slow and steady wins the race Time and Tide wait for no man The Doctor and the teacher has /have The Doctor and teacher has / have The teacher and the students - is / are The teacher with the students - is / are The teacher with the student - is / are The teacher along with the student - is / are 26 with, alongwith, together with, as well as, in addition to, - Prepositions The number of schools - is/are/high The number of schools in Delhi on the roads along the highways - is/are Either of the boys - is/are Neither of the boys - is/are Each of the boys - is/are One of the boys - is/are Few of the boys - is/are Some of the boys - is/are Many of the boys - is/are All of the boys - is/are One fifth of the boys - is/are One fifth of the milk - is/are Three Fourths of the boys - is/are Three fourths of the milk - is/are A lot of , A number of , A variety of, A plenty of, A Good many, A Great Many - Many 27 Either the teacher or the students - is/are Neither the teacher nor the students - is/are Not only the teacher but also the students - is/are There There is a Boy There are Boys There are a lot of problems in my life There is a school in my town Everyone Everybody Everything Someone Somebody Something Takes singular verb No one Nobody Nothing Anyone Anybody Anything 28 Everyone was present at the party Everyone except me was present at the party Everyone except the students was present at the Party Someone is knocking at the door No one has taught me English ‘If conditionals’ Zero Conditional If conditionals First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional 29 0’ if water boils if evaporates Universal truth Scientific truth 1’ If you work hard, you will pass 3’ If you had worked hard, you would have passed Had you worked hard, you would have passed 2’ If I had a car, I would sell it Had I a car, I would sell it 2’ If I were a bird I would fly Were I a bird I would fly 30 If Mahatma Gandhi (A) / was alive (B) / he would start weeping (C) / to see the present condition of India (D). / No error (E) Was she a bird (A) / she would definitely fly to you (B) / and say that she could not (C) / live without you (D). / No error (E) 1. If the thief remained silent he would have escaped a) would having escaped b) would have been escaped c) would escape d) would be escaped 2. If the thief had spoken he would have been caught by the police a) would have caught b) would have being caught c) would catch d) would be caught 31