DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION.pptx

DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION BY DR. RAZAQ MOMOH Disinfection is simply defined as the process of destroying pathogenic agents outside of the human body. Sterilization on the other hand is simply the process of eliminating all pathogenic organisms. It is therefore a state of complete disinfection....

DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION BY DR. RAZAQ MOMOH Disinfection is simply defined as the process of destroying pathogenic agents outside of the human body. Sterilization on the other hand is simply the process of eliminating all pathogenic organisms. It is therefore a state of complete disinfection. Disinfection and sterilization are carried out under similar processes depending on the result we want. Amongst the process for disinfection and sterilization are: 1. Heat: a. dry heat in a hot air oven b. moist heat/steam 2. Boiling for at least 5 minutes destroys all non sporing bacteria 3. Pasteurization of milk pathogens 4. Incineration 5. Cold which halts the multiplication of organisms by lowering metabolic rate and metabolism 6. Irradiation using a. Infra-red for sterilization of syringes and needles b. Ionizing for disposable syringes c. Ultraviolet radiation to reduce bacteria contamination only 7. Filtration for purification of water 8. Chemicals such as 1. Oxidizing agents eg., hydrogen peroxide 2. Halogens eg., iodine 3. Alcohol eg., methylated spirit, ethanol 4. Dyes eg., flavine 5. Coal tar eg., phenol, cresol and hexachlorophene for hand washing 6. Quaternary ammonium salts: Note- Cetrimide has no effect on Gram negative organism 7. Soap/Detergents 8. Gases as aerosol sterilization eg., ethylene oxide used to sterilize hospital equipment damageable by heat. Other gases are sodium hypochlorite and propylene glycol