Digestive & Excretory System PDF

uflding block The food we eeat cannot be used directly by our body AeRthas to beakdow soluble substances. These simple substances are absorbed bù the body celle...

uflding block The food we eeat cannot be used directly by our body AeRthas to beakdow soluble substances. These simple substances are absorbed bù the body celle ar» absorbed by th into sinple The breakdowh of comptex fõod into simple soluble substances that digestion. body is called DIGESTVÀ SYSTEM digete syc tern shat init digestion They together form the digestive Many organs work together and help mouth, food pipe, stomach, smatt and targe tntestiñes, liver, pancreas and systtheem. he anus are afthe digestive system. Nano Jhe a orgs mouth (oesophagus) SCIENCE liver bile pancreas 4t ateaBge intestine small intestine e en Lsat eo poit he anus foccos ae fobsed tueug Human digestive system Mouth tae aie Heakon Ihe process of digestionstarts in the. mouth The sharp bitingteeth in the front cut thesolid to0 into tiny pieces. The flat grinding teeth at the back grindthe food. (A digestive juicg, 6aliva,mixes with the chewed foodt breaks down the starch (a compe carbohydrate present tn food)into sugar (asimple carbohydrate)talso makes the food sota easy to swallow The tongue helps in mixing saliva with the food, Eood Pipe n5 usht srat Erom the mouth, food goes into the stomachthrough the food pipe (oesophagus). Word Helb Saliva: a digestive juice secreted by digestive glands present in the mouth Science-4 (Term-2) 48  aachislkeAUSCUular rbag Here. foodischurned and mixed with huntn c, stomach eproducedbyvthe walls of the stomachThey breakdowndigestive juices, These the food into simple shublesubstances. I ntestine into thee smallintestiae The small intestine is along and coiled stonachthe foodgoes food digest atestinalyuices h e the in the smallintestine The small intestine also receives a eiuices.fromliver and pancreas.(The process of digestion completes in the small destedtnodisabsorbedby the blood vessels in the hody by by bblood. walls of thesmallintestine. Itis carried partsof the body The undigested food (that is.not absorbed by the blood ferent intothelarge intestine, producesbile. Bile helps to digest fatsdenes-ancrecS in the smallintastiae. aliet dorce hue f e unction produces digestive juies. These digestive juices digest carbohydrates, fats and i smallLintestine. in ateins the Funtion ot lozge inlesine SCI BIBIntestine intestineiiS wider and.Lshorter th¡n the small intestine. It holds the undigested food, nelarge fromita tand forms stool(semi-solid waste),. Rectum is apart oflargeintestine. DSOTSPXTra water the body. Funchon oh R sstool fora short time before passing it out from Aus Tonction anu aecesare removed through the anus. Function Of Digestive System tbreakdown complex food into simple soluble substances that are absorbed by blood. hat mportance Of Chewing FoodWell smaller hen you chew your food 4n the mouth, the larger particles of food breakdown into D00 particlesahese smaller.particles get easily digested in the stomach All useful nutrients e3sly absorbed by the blood in the small intestineAlso, when you chew the food, a lot of alva is releaseds.The saliva contains the digestive enzyme.This enzyme helps in the process of igestion. RtD OF WATERD usabe eeood, 1Water helpsin the proper digestion of food.lt helps to dissolve minerals and other nutrients, S0 that they Lget easilyaabsorbed in the body. It also helps to dissolve and digest the soluble ibre present in food. Hord Help Churned: moved around strongly Science-4 (Term-2)149 2. Water helps to remove waste through sweat, urine and faeces. It prevents softening the faeces and removing the undigested food. REGULAR BOWEL MOVEMENT constipation Removalof stool from the body is called bowelmovemenfating fresh fruits, green and whole grains, and drinking alot of water help in reguBar bowelmovement. Aregular movement prevents constipation) Houwcar wwe ultiple Choice Questions Tick () the correct answers: 1. Where does the process of digestion start? (a) mouth b) stomach (Re (c) small intestine mernberin 2 breaks down the starch present in food into sugar. (a) (Saliva (b) Bile (c) None of these 3. Food passes from the mouth to the stomach through the (a) small intestine b) food pipe O(c) pancreas 4. Which of the following organs produces bile that digests fats? sCIENCEarlivey (b) pancreas (c) stomach EXCRETORY SYSTENM Living organisms_ perform a number of, Urine activities. During these activities, many waste products are formed.These waste products in>colkcted kidneys Lare toxic. These toxic wastes accumulate the body and can harm us. So, they must ureters be remoyed from the bodylThe process of f removal of waste products formed in the body of living organisms is çalledexcretion eeG The (kidneys) |uretersurinary bladder and urethra are the organs that help remove waste from the body.[They are caled.urinarybladder excretory organs. This system of organs urethra that helps to remove waste from the body is called the excretory system. Human excretory system Kidneys ndiohn The kidneys are a pair of be¡n-shaped organs. These are located just above the waist oneither side of the backbone Urine is formed in the kidneys. Urine contains harmful substances. 150 Science-4 (Term-2)  carry urinefrom the kidneys tothe urinary bladder. tubes/ /They MarOW structure(Urine s a t b l e r is collected.and stored here! e bodythrough the urethra. the from ExcretorySystem productssfrom the body. toremOve harmful watercontent in the body, s maintain PROPER DDIGESTION AND EXCRETION HABITS FOR tatgula HY intervals. balanced diet. healthy and Mea bod wel! overeatItcauses uneasiness and t Meston sCIENC clean place.-- rfoodataa ystakeyourrmeals in a pleasant Eat your meals in a pleasant atmosphere. mosphere. any heavy exercise just after eating. notrunordo eating. e afixed timefor ETegular rtoilet habits. Do not hold your ol and urinefor a long time. Mink at least two glasses of water as soon zyou get up in the morning. Drink 6-8 jases of water daily. a fbre-rich foods like whole grains, geables, legumes and fruits. Drink at least two glasses of water unt YOurintake of foods that are rich in fat. when you get up in the morning. erise regularly. It causes sweating. Sweat removes waste from the body. onot eat too many Sweets and chocolates. AO(science in Life) (NEP GUIDELINES) chips, cakes, burgers and pizzas contain too much fats Sigat, that can make a person obese. Science-4 (Term-2)151)