Different Types of Steganography.pptx

Different Types of Steganography Text Steganography − There is steganography in text files, which entails secretly storing information. In this method, the hidden data is encoded into the letter of each word. Image Steganography − The second type of steganography is image steganography, which entai...

Different Types of Steganography Text Steganography − There is steganography in text files, which entails secretly storing information. In this method, the hidden data is encoded into the letter of each word. Image Steganography − The second type of steganography is image steganography, which entails concealing data by using an image of a different object as a cover. Pixel intensities are the key to data concealment in image steganography.  Audio Steganography − It is the science of hiding data in sound. Used digitally, it protects against unauthorized reproduction. Watermarking is a technique that encrypts one piece of data (the message) within another (the "carrier"). Its typical uses involve media playback, primarily audio clips. Video Steganography − Video steganography is a method of secretly embedding data or other files within a video file on a computer. Video (a collection of still images) can function as the "carrier" in this scheme. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) is commonly used to insert values that can be used to hide the data in each image in the video, which is undetectable to the naked eye. Video steganography typically employs the following file formats: H.264, MP4, MPEG, and AVI. Network or Protocol Steganography − It involves concealing data by using a network protocol like TCP, UDP, ICMP, IP, etc., as a cover object. Steganography can be used in the case of covert channels, which occur in the OSI layer network model.  Eg of steganography Playing an audio track backward to expose hidden message. Playing a video at a faster frame rate to show a hidden message. Inserting a message in the red, green, or blue channel of RGB image. Hiding information with the file header or metadata. Types of DDos attacks Volumetric attacks The classic type of DDoS, these attacks employ methods to generate massive volumes of traffic to completely saturate bandwidth, creating a traffic jam that makes it impossible for legitimate traffic to flow into or out of the targeted site. Protocol attacks Protocol attacks are designed to eat up the processing capacity of network infrastructure resources like servers, firewalls, and load balancers by targeting Layer 3 and Layer 4 protocol communications with malicious connection requests. Application attacks Some of the more sophisticated DDoS attacks, these exploit weaknesses in the application layer—Layer 7—by opening connections and initiating process and transaction requests that consume finite resources like disk space and available memory.