Depositories of Historical Sources PDF

THE REPOSITORIES OF HISTORICAL SOURCES  HISTORY The American Historical Association-currently defines history as the never-ending process whereby people seek to understand the past and its many meanings. Aristotle once said, history is a systematic account of a set of natural phenom...

THE REPOSITORIES OF HISTORICAL SOURCES  HISTORY The American Historical Association-currently defines history as the never-ending process whereby people seek to understand the past and its many meanings. Aristotle once said, history is a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena. Zeus Salazar, a notable historian and retired professor of the University of the Philippines -“Ang Kasaysayan ay salaysay na may saysay para sa isang grupo ng tao na may kakanyahan, identidad na nakasandig sa sariling wika at kalinangan”  THEORIES IN INVESTIGATING HISTORY FACTUAL HISTORY- present basic information (what, when, and who) SPECULATIVE HISTORY- beyond facts (why and how) and speculate cause and effect.  PUBLISHED DOCUMENTS Those are intended for public distribution or use Newspapers, magazines, books, laws and literary works. UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS Different to locate as they kept in private These documents are confidential  Philippine Depositories The foremost depository where students of history can go to is the National Library of the Philippines (NLP). (1) Filipiniana Division and (2) Microfilm Section. The Archdiocesan Archives of Manila which is located in Arzobispado, Intramuros. Other depositories are the centers established by local historical networks Spanish Depositories The Spanish government through the Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte launched the Portal de Archivos Españoles (PARES) which offers free access to digitized copies of documents. 1. Archivo General de Indias (Seville) 2. ArchivoHistorico Nacional (Madrid) 3. Museo Naval de la Ministerio de Marina (Madrid) Mexican Depository The Philippines was a part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the capital of which was situated in Mexico. The ties between the two Spanish territories ended when Mexico gained its independence in 1821. Because of this, a multitude number of sources could possibly be sitting in the Archivo General de la Nacion de Mexico which can be very useful to students. BRITISH DEPOSITORY For a brief period of time, that is from 1762–1764, the British occupied Manila. It was through this invasion that some historical sources written during the Spanish period made its way to the British Museum. As a matter of fact, Jose Rizal took some time to research inside this facility in an attempt to annotate the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas of Antonio de Morga.  AMERICAN DEPOSITORIES The proliferation of online archives is also beneficial to researchers who do not have the capacity to conduct research in any of the above- mentioned depositories. Although many of their collections are yet to be digitized, archive.org and Project Gutenberg offer a wide array of scanned sources which are available for download. National Archives and Records Service (NARS) Library of Congress (Washington D.C.) Harvard University Stanford University  CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF HISTORICAL SOURCES Sources are defined as artifacts that have been left by the past. They exist either as (1) relics, (2) what we can call as remains, or (3) as the testimonies of witnesses of the past (Howell and Prevenier, 200). An artifact is a mute witness of the period of its existence. An excavated piece of evidence consisting natural remains  MAIN TYPES OF WRITTEN SOURCES Primary sources Secondary sources UNWRITTEN SOURCES Unwritten sources include the following: (1) archaeological evidence; (2) oral evidence; (3) material evidence.  ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE Archaeological evidence refers to remains such as artifacts and ecofacts which help a historian in determining the culture of the area where the evidence was found. The ways of life of the people, including their artistic expressions, have been etched in these materials. Archaeological pieces of evidence include tools, ornaments, fixtures, etc.  ORAL EVIDENCE Oral evidence pertains to folk tales, myths, legends, folk songs and popular rituals. These sources might contain information pertaining to the culture of the people who created them. These pieces of evidence can also give a glimpse of the people economic activities at a given time, especially their socio-political organization and social condition.  MATERIAL EVIDENCE Material evidence includes photographs, art works, videos, and sound recordings. How to analyze Primary sources? Content Analysis Research method for studying for studying primary sources such as documents and communications artifacts, which can be text of various formats, pictures, audio or video. May vary according to the location of the sources.  Krippendorff was best-known as a pioneer in the study of content analysis, but was also influential in the fields of cybernetics and design. According to him (1980), six questions must be addressed in every content analysis: Klaus Krippendorff Which data are analyzed? How are the data defined? From what the population are data drown? What is the most relevant content? What are the boundaries of the analysis? What is to be measured?