Definitions of Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities PDF

Definitions of Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities Key Characteristics Similar/overlapping populations of people Additional support is needed Definitions/Meanings different dependent upon who is talking No one simple meaning  Personal Public Types of Meanings...

Definitions of Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities Key Characteristics Similar/overlapping populations of people Additional support is needed Definitions/Meanings different dependent upon who is talking No one simple meaning  Personal Public Types of Meanings Critical Definitional Personal Meaning A part of their life for their Perhaps the most Part of who the person is entire life important perspective Advocacy organizations Opinions and language can play a key role in informing affect a person's self- The best understanding the community about what perception and self- comes from the person it means to have a confidence, often themselves developmental and/or negatively intellectual disability Public Meaning Literal meaning Sociocultural Meaning Simplest and broadest understanding Perception-what people think Nothing additional other than the someone should be able to do breakdown of what the words mean Varies between groups of people and across time Break it down: Interweaving factors Disability Tolerance Developmental Social and Political Structures Intellectual Economic conditions Cultural values and attitudes Environmental demands Social Expectations Critical Meaning Disability Community's Voice Influenced by equal human rights Not because of impairment but social responsibility Political necessity Speak out Explicitly share experiences Advocate for change 4 Key Components o Empowerment, Equality, Self-Determination, and emancipation Definitional Meaning Professionals in the field More specific than personal, public, and critical Used for entitlement for services (educational, medical, or social services) Developed based on sound scientific assessment Can vary from organizations WHO (World Health Organization) AAIDD (American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities APA (American Psychiatric Association What is a Disability? Webster: Google Wikipedia: 1.) a condition such as an illness or injury) A physical or mental condition that limits a The consequence of an impairment that may that damages or limits a person's physical or person's movements, senses, or activities be physical, cognitive, mental, sensor, mental abilities emotional, developmental or some 2.) the condition of being unable to do things combination of these. A disability may be in the normal way: the condition of being present from birth or occur during a person's disabled lifetime. Disabilities is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity, limitations and participation  Developmental Disabilities Self-care Communication Severe and chronic (expressive and Attributable to mental Functional receptive language or physical impairment limitations in Learning Begins before an Refers to: individual reaches the 3 or more Mobility age of 22 major areas Self-Direction Like to continue of life activity Capacity for indefinitely independent living Economic self- sufficency  Intelligence quotient (or I.Q.) below 75 Used when there are limits to a person's ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life Vary greatly May have difficulty with communication and life Intellectual skills Could cause a child to learn and develop more Disability slowly than other children of the same age which basic developmental milestones (speak, walk, dress, eat, etc.) Any time before a child turns 18 (even before birth) Multiple Causes (sometimes unknown) o Some situational causes (i.e. TBI, stroke, infection) As Defined by the DSM-5 "Neurodevelopment Disorders" "Intellectual Development Disorder" A group of conditions with onset in the Characterized by deficits in general mental developmental period abilities Characterized by developmental deficits in brain Reasoning process: Problem solving Personal Planning Social Abstract thinking Academic Judgement Occupational Functioning Academic learning Frequently co-occur (ie: autism and ID) Learning from experience Frequently co-occur with other mental and Impairments of adaptive functioning that impact behavioral disorders (ie: ADHD and ODD) one or more aspects of daily life Communication Social participation Academic/occupational functioning Personal independence (home and community) The Difference Developmental Intellectual Disabilities Disabilities Diagnosed before age Must be diagnosed 22 and results in before age 18 and an IQ significant functional score of less than 70 limitations in three or more major life activities.  All people with an intellectual disability have a developmental Key Point disability however, not all people with a developmental disability have an intellectual disability