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Americanization of the Filipino Culture Early 20th century marked a pivotal period in Philippine history Characterized by the American colonial regime Central component of this era was the deliberate attempt to Americanize Philippine Normal School (1901) ○ American colonial bur...

Americanization of the Filipino Culture Early 20th century marked a pivotal period in Philippine history Characterized by the American colonial regime Central component of this era was the deliberate attempt to Americanize Philippine Normal School (1901) ○ American colonial bureaucracy mandated the bureau of public works to oversee all state-sponsored infrastructural projects ○ Under the auspices of the bureau, manila engendered many building types that house new government programs Transformation of the Filipino lifestyle into a modern economy and culture ○ Secured American imperialist interest ○ Resulted in Philippine dependence on the US The Palay Maiden (1920) ○ By Fernando Amorsolo ○ Emphasizes the role of women Bituing Marikit (1926) ○ By Nicanor Abelardo ○ About love for country Philippine dance was influenced by ballet and modern dances ○ Folk dances were recognized because of Francisca Reyes Aquino and her colleagues Victorio Edades ○ His art was significantly influenced by American art ○ Stayed in the US for 9 years studying architecture ○ Work is often seen as a bridge between Filipino and American art ○ Made "The Sketch" (1928) Kenkoy (1929) ○ By Antonio Velasquez Art in War Japanese Period Capas (1948) ○ By Demetrio Diego ○ Showcases the Filipinos that fought in WW2 Liwayway ng Kalayaan (1944) Ang Gerilya Kung Orasyon (1942 - 1945) Post War Were gripped by nostalgia for the nation they lost in the war Jeepney Art ○ Originated from military jeeps  ○ Was transformed into colorful, shared transportation Orasang Ginto (1946) ○ By Manuel Conde ○ Offers a glimpse into life struggling to rebuild after WW2 Modernism Began challenging the prevailing conservatism Artists portray western art styles ○ Cubism, abstraction, expressionism Break of the Day (1948) ○ By Hernando Ocampo ○ About a mother and son after the war Madonna of the Slums (1950) ○ By Vicente Manansala ○ Madonna = Virgin Mary ○ Talks about poverty Filipinos face Martial Law and the Arts of Resistance Art and culture was used by President Marcos Malakas at Si Maganda ○ By Evan Cosayo ○ Was commissioned by Ferdinand and Imelda Gomburza (1970) ○ By Jaime De Guzman ○ At the height of fight against Martial Law Magnanakaw (1979) ○ By Asin (band) Maynila: Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag (1975) ○ Talks about the harsh life of Manila ○ By Lina Brocka EDSA and Aesthetics Revolution Ignited a resurgence of visual and cultural expression Archetypes: A Cordillera Labyrinth (1989) ○ Symbolizes a guide Babae sa Bubungang Lata (1998) ○ Commentary on economic disparities prevalent in Philippine society Mga Kababayan (1990) ○ By Francis Magalona What is ONA? Order of the National Artists Highest national recognition given to living Filipino artists ○ Who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and culture Categories ○ Literature, music, visual, arts, theater, film, dance, architecture What is GAMABA? Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan National living treasure awardees Recognized Filipino citizens or group engages in any traditional art uniquely Filipino Focuses on preserving and promoting intangible cultural heritage Qualifications for Selections Be a Filipino citizen by birth Have been engages in the creative or artistic field for the past 50 years or more Enjoy the respect and recognition of peers and the community How to Select Awardees? ONA ○ Have to be nominated by cultural orgs, academic institutions, or government agencies ○ Screening and evolution by a panel of experts ○ Final selection by the National Commission for Culture and Arts (NCAA) ○ Approval by the president of the Philippines GAMABA ○ Nomination by individuals, groups, or institutions ○ Documentation of the artist's work and community involvement ○ Evaluation by a panel of experts ○ Final selection by the NCAA and approval by the president Benefits and Privileges of Awardees Cash prize and a medal Lifetime pension Medical and hospitalization benefits Opportunities to represent the Philippines in international cultural events Importance of ONA and GAMABA Artists Recognize and Honor Filipino Artists Promote and Preserve Philippine Arts and Culture Inspire Future Generations of Artists Enhance the Nation's Cultural Identity