Mega History Study Guide PDF

[Welcome to the MEGA HISTORY STUDY GUIDE https://quizlet.com/user/Liam_Akiara_Ogata/folders/the-mega-history-study-guide?i=4k7j mf&x=1xqt Questions as of 12/3 Columbus and the Indians A. Period 2 a. Which of the following is a secondary source? i. A documentary film abo...

[Welcome to the MEGA HISTORY STUDY GUIDE https://quizlet.com/user/Liam_Akiara_Ogata/folders/the-mega-history-study-guide?i=4k7j mf&x=1xqt Questions as of 12/3 Columbus and the Indians A. Period 2 a. Which of the following is a secondary source? i. A documentary film about a historical event ii. A history textbook b. What did Europeans generally want from the Indies? i. Spices c. How did Columbus and his men treat the Native Americans he encountered in the Bahamas? i. He enslaved them and killed those who did not find enough gold d. How do we know what we know about Columbus? i. Columbus left behind a diary e. Which of the following statements are true of the Iroquois Confederacy? i. They did not believe in private property ii. Women had rights and could even divorce their partners iii. Families were organized in clans iv. Women elected a male leader to oversee all of the clans f. What was the first British colony in North America? i. Roanoke g. How did the Powhatan Confederacy initially help the British colonists? i. They brought them food h. What Native American group lived in Massachusetts before the English arrived i. Wampanoag i. Why did English colonists declare war on the Pequots in Massachusetts? i. They were angry that some Pequots killed a British colonist who kidnapped and enslaved Native Americans j. Who won the Pequot War and why? i. The English did because they had guns and the Native Americans did not k. Why did most Native Americans die after contact with European colonists in the late 1400s, 1500s, and 1600s? i. Most of them were not immune to the diseases that Europeans brought over B. Period 4 a. Which of the following is a primary source? i. A diary written by someone who witnessed a historical event b. What did Europeans generally want from the Indies? i. Gold ii. Spices  c. Why did Columbus and his men enslave the Native Americans he encountered in the Bahamas? i. He sought to make money selling them as slaves ii. He wanted them to bring him gold. d. How do we know what we know about Columbus? i. The personal testimony and research of Bartolome de las Casas e. How was Iroquois society organized? i. Women elected a male leader to oversee all of the clans. f. What was the second permanent British colony in North America? i. Massachusetts g. Why did the English colonists declare war on Native Americans in Virginia? i. They were angry that Powhatan allowed English runaways to join them. h. What Native American group lived in Massachusetts before the English arrived? i. Wampanoags i. Why did the English colonists declare war on the Pequots in Massachusetts? i. They wanted their land. ii. They were angry that some Pequots killed a British colonist who kidnapped and enslaved Native Americans. j. Why did the English win the Pequot War? i. They deliberately attacked non-combatants (civilians: men, woman, and children who were not part of the war) ii. They allied with the enemies of the Pequot and got their help. iii. They broke whatever promises they made. k. Why did most Native Americans die after contact with European colonists in the late 1400s, 1500s, and 1600s? i. Most of them were not immune to the diseases that Europeans brought over. C. Period 6 a. Which of the following is a primary source? i. All of the Above b. How come Europeans were not able to take land routes to get to East Asia in the late 1400s? i. The Ottoman empire blocked land routes to Asia and charged them high taxes c. Why did Columbus and his men enslave the Native Americans he encountered in the Bahamas? i. He wanted them to bring him gold and sought to make money selling them as slaves d. How do we know what we know about Columbus? i. The personal testimony and research of Bartolome de las Casas e. Which of the following statements are true of Iroquois Confederacy? i. They did not believe in private property ii. They were democratic f. What was the first permanent British colony in North America  i. Jamestown g. What Native American group lived in Virginia before the English arrived? i. Algonquin/Powhatan Confederacy h. How did Native Americans initially help the British colonists in Virginia? i. They gave them food ii. They allowed them to join their society i. Why did the English colonists declare war on the Pequots in Massachusetts? i. They wanted their land j. Why did the English win the Pequot War? i. They deliberately attacked non-combatants (civilians: men, woman, and children who were not part of the war) k. Why did most Native Americans die after contact with European colonists in the late 1400s, 1500s, and 1600s? i. Most of them were not immune to the diseases that Europeans brought over. Black and White / Drawing the Color Line A. Period 2 a. What did Virginia colonists do during the Starving Time (1609 - 1610)? i. Some of them ran away and joined the Powhatan Confederacy ii. Some of them kidnapped and enslaved Native Americans to force them to work for the colonists iii. Some of them became cannibals (they ate other people) iv. Some of them ate their pets/work animals (dogs, horses, cats, etc.) b. Why were white settlers not able to enslave as many Native Americans as Africans in Britain's North American colonies? i. Native Americans knew the land and could easily run away. ii. Native Americans often died of disease when whites tried to enslave them. c. How were large African civilizations like European civilizations in the 1600s? i. They mostly practiced feudalism. d. The African system of slavery was different from the European system of slavery in the Americas because: i. In African slavery, slaves had some rights e. White indentured servants were treated differently from enslaved Africans in which of the following ways? i. Black indentured servants received harsher punishments (including lifetime enslavement) when they were accused of breaking a rule. f. Which of the following statements is false? i. White indentured servants and enslaved Africans never had children together. ii. Laws were never passed to prevent African American and white servants from working together because racism is natural. g. How did enslaved Africans resist their enslavement?  i. They poisoned their masters. ii. They burned down their masters' homes and plantations. iii. They organized revolts. iv. They ran away. h. How were runaway slaves punished? i. They were tortured i. What were the consequences of Bacon's Rebellion? i. Former indentured white servants were given more access to steal Native American land. ii. Laws were passed establishing that the child of any black slave was automatically a slave as well. iii. Wealthy whites gradually stopped importing white indentured servants and brought in more African slaves to replace them. iv. The surviving leaders were executed B. Period 4 a. What did Virginia colonists do during the Starving Time (1609 - 1610)? i. Some of them became cannibals (they ate other people) ii. Some of them ate their pets/work animals (dogs, horses, cats, etc.) b. Why were white settlers not able to enslave as many Native Americans as Africans in Britain's North American colonies? i. Native Americans knew the land and could easily run away. ii. Native Americans often died of disease when whites tried to enslave them. iii. Native Americans outnumbered white settlers at first. iv. Native American groups were initially more powerful c. How were large African civilizations like European civilizations in the 1600s? i. They mostly practiced feudalism. ii. They were advanced in many ways. d. The African slave system was different from the European system of slavery in the Americas because: i. The children of enslaved people were typically born free. ii. Slaves would often gain freedom after a period of time and become integrated into the local society. iii. Slaves had rights. iv. Slaves could own other slaves. e. White indentured servants were treated differently from enslaved Africans in which of the following ways? i. White indentured servants would receive freedom after their indenture expired (4 - 7 years). ii. Black indentured servants received harsher punishments (including lifetime enslavement) when they were accused of breaking a rule. f. Which of the following statements is true? i. White indentured servants and enslaved Africans occasionally became friends and even had children together.  g. How did enslaved Africans resist their enslavement? i. They poisoned their masters. ii. They burned down their masters' homes and plantations. h. How were runaway slaves punished? i. They were murdered ii. They were tortured iii. They were made to constantly wear chains. iv. They were whipped/branded i. What happened because of Bacon's Rebellion? i. Laws were passed giving white people rights that black people were denied. ii. Wealthy whites gradually stopped importing white indentured servants and brought in more African slaves to replace them. C. Period 6 a. Why did Virginia settlers go through the Starving Time (1609 - 1610)? i. Their slave raids had upset the Powhatan Confederacy so Native Americans no longer brought them food ii. They came to look for gold and really did not focus on planting, hunting, or gathering. b. Why did white Virginia colonists come to rely on enslaved Africans? i. Unlike Native Americans, Africans did not know the land and could not so easily escape ii. Unlike Native Americans, Africans typically did not die of disease when whites tried to enslave them. c. How were large African civilizations like European civilizations in the 1600s? i. They were advanced in many ways. d. The African system of slavery was different from the European system of slavery in the Americas because: i. In Africa, the children of enslaved people were typically born free while under European slavery, the children of enslaved people were enslaved for life. ii. It was not based on race. e. White indentured servants were treated differently from enslaved Africans in which of the following ways? i. White indentured servants would receive freedom after their indenture expired (4 - 7 years). f. Which of the following statements is true? i. Laws were passed to make sure that black and white servants did not have inter-racial relationships ii. White indentured servants and enslaved Africans ran away together. iii. Poor whites and enslaved Africans joined together during Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia 1676  iv. White indentured servants and enslaved Africans occasionally became friends and even had children together. g. How did enslaved Africans resist their enslavement? i. They ran away. ii. They organized revolts. h. How were runaway slaves punished? i. They were tortured ii. They were murdered i. Why did poor whites join Bacon's Rebellion in Jamestown? i. They were upset with Governor Berkeley for not allowing them to attack all Native American settlements to steal the land Early British Colonies / The Colonies Come of Age B. Quiz A a. Under the mercantilist philosophy, the goal of a nation is to i. collect as much gold and silver as possible b. What did preachers do during the Great Awakening? i. They traveled across the colonies from town to town and preached in public spaces. ii. They encouraged people to make a personal connection to G-d. c. Why did the French and Indian War start? i. Because the British and French both wanted control over the Ohio River Valley. d. From where did Benjamin Franklin get the idea for his Albany Plan of Union? i. From the Iroquois Confederacy e. Why did King George III issue the Royal Proclamation of 1763? i. Because of Pontiac's Rebellion f. What did the Proclamation of 1763 NOT do? i. It put a tax on all paper goods. ii. It ended the French and Indian War g. What was salutary neglect? i. Between 1607 and 1763, Britain did not generally enforce most of its rules or regularly collect taxes in its North American colonies. A. Quiz B a. Under the mercantilist philosophy, the goal of a nation is to i. have more exports than imports b. What was the Great Awakening? i. A religious revival movement in Britain's North American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s c. Why did Native Americans generally side with the French in the French and Indian War? i. Because the French, unlike the English, did not seek to wipe them out. Instead, they wanted generally to trade with them for beaver pelts. d. How did the colonies respond to Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union?  i. Colonial leaders refused to form a confederation e. Why did King George III issue the Royal Proclamation of 1763? i. Because the British could not afford to protect English settlers if they tried to steal Native American land f. What did the Proclamation of 1763 do? i. It told the colonists that they could NOT settle west of the Appalachian mountains. g. What was salutary neglect? i. Between 1607 and 1763, Britain did not generally enforce most of its rules or regularly collect taxes in its North American colonies B. Quiz C a. Under the mercantilist philosophy, the goal of a nation is to i. Collect as much gold and silver as possible ii. Have more exports than imports b. What were the effects of the Great Awakening? i. It led many colonists to break away from established churches (like the Anglican church) and start their own churches c. Why did the French and Indian War start? i. The French built Fort Duquesne in the Ohio River Valley and the English also wanted this land ii. The Virginia government had already granted 200,000 acres of land in the Ohio River Valley to a group of wealthy planters and the French also wanted this land d. How did Benjamin Franklin try to unite the colonists during the French and Indian War? i. He proposed the Albany Plan of Union, based on the government structure of the Iroquois Confederacy e. How did colonists react to the Royal Proclamation of 1763? i. They were upset because they felt that, having helped the British win the French and Indian War, they were entitled to take Native American land west of the Appalachian mountains f. What did the Proclamation of 1763 do? i. It told the colonists that they could NOT settle west of the Appalachian mountains g. What was salutary neglect? i. Between 1607 and 1763, Britain did not generally enforce most of its rules or regularly collect taxes in its North American colonies C. Quiz D Colonial Resistance and Rebellion A. Quiz A a. Why did the British start enforcing colonial tax laws in the 1760s? i. The United Kingdom was in debt after the French and Indian War  ii. Colonists had not generally been paying their taxes under the years of "salutary neglect" b. What did the Stamp Act do? i. It imposed a tax on documents and all printed items. c. How did colonists respond to the Stamp Act? i. The Stamp Act Congress organized a boycott of all British goods. ii. The Sons and Daughters of Liberty tarred and feathered tax collectors. d. What did the British do with the Townshend Duties? i. They imposed taxes on all imports of china, glass, lead, paint, paper and tea e. What happened during the Boston Tea Party of 1773? i. Members of the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, disguised as Native Americans, illegally boarded British ships and threw their tea into the harbor. f. What did the Intolerable Acts do? i. They shut down Boston Harbor until colonists paid for the tea they destroyed in the Boston Tea Party. ii. They appointed a new governor over Massachusetts who placed the colony under martial law. iii. They protected the religious rights of Catholics in the Quebec province iv. They authorized royal governors to find housing for British soldiers as colonial assemblies had not cooperated with the first Quartering Act g. How did some colonists respond to the Intolerable Acts? i. They organized the First Continental Congress. h. Why did fighting break out at Lexington and Concord? i. The British sent troops to seize guns that were illegally being stored by some colonists and colonists attacked the British before they could get their guns. i. What convinced many ordinary colonists to join the American Revolution? i. The publishing of Thomas Paine's Common Sense pamphlet B. Quiz B a. How did the British end salutary neglect in the 1760s? i. Through the Proclamation of 1763, they forbade the colonists from expanding further westward. ii. They started cracking down on colonial smuggling through the writs of assistance. iii. The British sent troops into the colonies in order to protect tax collectors from angry mobs iv. They began to make sure that colonists were paying taxes for things like imported sugar. b. Why did the British pass the Stamp Act? i. The colonists had generally not been paying taxes during the period of salutary neglect and the British had nearly gone bankrupt protecting the colonies in the French and Indian War.  c. How did the colonists respond to the Stamp Act? i. The Sons and Daughters of Liberty tarred and feathered tax collectors. d. What did the British end up doing about the Stamp Act in 1766? i. They repealed it, but decleared they had the power to still tax the colonies e. What caused the Boston Massacre? i. A colonial mob throwing snowballs surrounded a group of soldiers and taunted them. ii. Many colonists were upset that British soldiers were stationed in their town and held a protest against their presence f. What did the Intolerable Acts do? i. They shut down Boston harbor until colonists paid for the tea they destroyed in the Boston Tea Party. ii. They appointed a new governor over Massachusetts who placed the colony under martial law. g. How did some colonists respond to the Intolerable Acts? i. They organized the First Continental Congress h. What things did colonial leaders do because of the fighting that broke out at Lexington and Concord i. They sent an Olive Branch Petition to the King ii. They organized a Continental Army iii. They organized a Second Continental Congress iv. The Second Continental Congress asked Jefferson to draft a Declaration of Independence i. What percent of American colonists supported the American Revolution? i. About 1 out of every 3 colonists C. Quiz C a. Why did the British bring an end to their policy of salutary neglect? i. The United Kingdom was in debt after the French and Indian War and needed to bring in more revenue (money) ii. The British could not afford to keep fighting Native Americans and had to put a temporary stop to western expansion by the colonists b. What did the Stamp Act NOT do? i. It required colonists to get their hands stamped in order to show their loyalty to the British Parliament and king c. How did colonists respond to the Stamp Act? i. The Stamp Act Congress organized a boycott of all British goods d. Why did the British pass the Townshend Duties? i. They had repealed the Stamp Act and needed to get money from the colonies ii. Many colonists had claimed that they would not accept taxes on things they made (like paper), but that they would accept taxes on imported goods e. What caused the Boston Tea Party of 1773?  i. Many colonists were angry that Parliament had given the East India Tea Company the exclusive right to sell tea in the colonies f. What did the Intolerable Acts do? i. They shut down Boston Harbor until colonists paid for the tea they destroyed in the Boston Tea Party g. How did the Second Continental Congress try to prevent a war after fighting broke out at Lexington and Concord? i. They sent an Olive Branch petition to the King to prevent a full-scale war h. What did colonial representatives agree to do at the end of the Second Continental Congress? i. They created a continental army with George Washington in charge i. How did the colonists win the American Revolution i. They received help from the Spanish and French D. Quiz D a. Confederation and Constitution A. Quiz A a. Which of the following were problems that the Articles of Confederation Government could not solve in the 1780s? i. It was unable to tax people and raise the money to pay off former soldiers ii. It was unable to stop states from taxing each other. b. What caused Shays' Rebellion? i. Banks were seizing the property of many farmers who were unable to pay their debts. ii. Farmers were upset by increased state taxes. iii. Many Continental Army soldiers had not been paid for their service to the country and were upset with the Articles of Confederation government. iv. Many farmers were put in debtor's prison for being unable to pay their debts. c. What did the Articles of Confederation Government accomplish? i. It said that the Ohio River Valley would be divided into three to five states ii. It passed the Northwest Ordinance, outlawing slavery in the Ohio River Valley. d. Why was a Constitutional Convention held in 1787? i. Wealthy elites who had funded the creation of a state militia in Massachusetts to put down Shays' Rebellion wanted a stronger government. e. What was the conflict between representatives from New Jersey and Virginia at the Constitutional Convention? i. New Jersey representatives wanted each state to have the same number of representatives while Virginia representatives wanted the bigger states to have more representatives.  f. Why did the Great Compromise create an issue between Northern and Southern delegates at the Constitutional Convention? i. Southern delegates wanted to count enslaved people to get more representatives in the House of Representatives while Northern delegates believed they should not be counted at all. g. What were the Federalist Papers? i. A series of articles written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to convince Americans to support the new Constitution. h. Why did state representatives end up approving the new Constitution? i. Because the framers of the Constitution agreed to adopt a Bill of Rights to address the concerns of the anti-Federalists. i. What rights does the First Amendment guarantee? i. The right to petition the government j. How was the Constitution different from the Articles of Confederation? i. The Constitution called for the creation of an executive branch and the Articles of Confederation only included a legislative branch ii. The Constitution created a federal court system while only the states had courts under the Articles of Confederation iii. The Articles of Confederation created a weak central government and the Constitution created a much stronger national government iv. The Articles of Confederation gave most of the power to the states while the Constitution divided power between the states and the national government. B. Quiz B a. What were some of the problems the Articles of Confederation Government was unable to solve in the 1780s? i. It was unable to raise an army to put down rebellions. ii. It was unable to deal with foreign empires that threatened the U.S. iii. It was unable to raise money to pay back soldiers in the Continental Army iv. It was unable to stop states from taxing each other. b. What caused Shays' Rebellion? i. Banks were seizing the property of many farmers who were unable to pay their debts. ii. Farmers were upset by increased state taxes. iii. Continental Army soldiers had not been paid for their service to the country and were upset with the Articles of Confederation government. c. What did the Articles of Confederation Government accomplish? i. It passed the Northwest Ordinance, outlawing slavery in the Ohio River Valley d. What did Shay’s Rebellion lead to? i. The Constitutional Convention e. What was the Great Compromise at the Constitutional Convention?  i. Delegates from Connecticut proposed the creation of a Senate in which each state would have two senators ii. Delegates from Connecticut combined elements of New Jersey and Virginia's plan to create a new kind of Congress. f. What was the 3/5s Compromise? i. An agreement between Northern and Southern states to count each enslaved person as 3/5s of a human being to determine how many representatives each state would get. g. What is the name of the series of articles written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to convince Americans to support the new Constitution? i. The Federalist Papers h. Why did state representatives end up approving the new Constitution? i. Because the framers of the Constitution agreed to adopt a Bill of Rights to address the concerns of the anti-Federalists. i. What rights does the First Amendment guarantee? i. Freedom of religion ii. Freedom of assembly iii. The right to petition the government iv. Freedom of press j. How was the Constitution different from the Articles of Confederation? i. The Articles of Confederation gave most of the power to the states while the Constitution divided power between the states and the national government. ii. The Constitution called for the creation of an executive branch and the Articles of Confederation only included a legislative branch C. Quiz C a. What were some of the problems the Articles of Confederation Government was unable to solve in the 1780s? i. It was unable to raise money to pay back soldiers in the Continental Army b. What caused Shays' Rebellion? i. Continental Army soldiers had not been paid for their service to the country, fell into debt, and many were even put in debtor's prison c. What did the Articles of Confederation Government accomplish? i. It established freedom of religion in the Ohio River Valley ii. It said that the Ohio River Valley would be divided into three to five states iii. It passed the Northwest Ordinance, outlawing slavery in the Ohio River Valley. iv. It set up a taxpayer-funded education system in the Ohio River Valley d. What brought an end to Shay’s Rebellion? i. Massachusetts created a militia funded by Boston businessmen and the militia put down the rebellion e. What was the Great Compromise at the Constitutional Convention? i. Delegates from New Jersey proposed a plan that combined elements of both the Connecticut and Virginia plans  f. What agreement did Northern and Southern delegates at the Constitutional Convention make about how to count enslaved people when it came to determining how many representatives each state would get? i. The 3/5s Compromise g. What were the Federalist Papers? i. A series of articles written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to convince Americans to support the new Constitution. h. Why was a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? i. To get the Constitution ratified, the framers of the Constitution needed to address the concerns of the anti-Federalists. i. What rights does the First Amendment guarantee? i. The right to bear arms ii. Freedom of assembly iii. The right to petition the government iv. The right to trial by jury j. How was the Constitution different from the Articles of Confederation? i. The Constitution called for the creation of an executive branch and the Articles of Confederation only included a legislative branch D. Quiz D a. Launching the New Nation A. Quiz A a. What led to the formation of the first political parties in the United States? i. The conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton over how involved the government should be in the economy ii. The conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton over how much the government should be involved in the economy and how involved the U.S. should get in the war between the French and British during the 1790s b. How did George Washington try to deal with the conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton over U.S. involvement in the British/French war? i. He issued the Neutrality Proclamation in order to find a middle ground between the two and hold the country together. c. What were Alexander Hamilton's main economic goals as Washington's Secretary of Treasury? i. To create a national bank ii. To pay off all of the nation's debts iii. To create a common system of currency for the United States iv. To institute taxes (like a whiskey tax) to raise money for the government d. What did George Washington warn in his farewell address? i. That multiple political parties were dangerous and would only divide the nation  B. Quiz B a. What led to the formation of the first political parties in the United States? i. The conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton over how involved the government should be in the economy b. Correctly name the politicians who belonged to each of the first two political parties. i. George Washington was a Federalist. Thomas Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican. ii. Alexander Hamilton was a Federalist. James Madison was a Democratic-Republican. c. What did George Washington warn in his farewell address? i. That multiple political parties were dangerous and would only divide the nation. ii. That the U.S. should not make alliances with other nations. d. What precedent (rule) did Washington establish when he decided not to run for another term as President? i. Presidents should only serve 2 terms C. Quiz C a. What led to the formation of the first political parties in the United States? i. The conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton over how much the government should be involved in the economy and how involved the U.S. should get in the French and British wars of the 1790s b. What were Alexander Hamilaton’s main economic goals as Washington’s Secretary of Treasury? i. To create a national bank ii. To institute taxes (like a whiskey tax) to raise money for the government c. What were the first two political parties to have candidates who ran for office in the United States? i. The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans d. What did George Washington warn in his farewell address? i. That multiple political parties were dangerous and would only divide the nation. ii. That the U.S. should generally stay out of foreign conflicts. iii. That the U.S. should not make alliances with other nations. iv. That the U.S. would be better off if there was only 1 political party D. Quiz D The Age of Jackson A. Quiz A a. What made slavery more profitable in the 1790s? i. The invention of the cotton gin b. What was the Missouri Compromise? i. Missouri would be added as a slave state to the United States. ii. Maine would be added as a free state to the United States  c. Why did Andrew Jackson's critics believe he was corrupt? i. Because of his use of the Spoils System. d. How did Andrew Jackson violate the Constitution as president? i. He refused to follow a federal judicial order. e. What happened because of the Indian Removal Act? i. 1/4 of all Cherokees died because they were forced off of their land by the army and sent on a death march westward ii. Cherokees successfully challenged the law in the Supreme Court, but Andrew Jackson ignored the ruling. B. Quiz B a. Where in the U.S. did the Industrial Revolution begin? i. In the New England area b. Why did Henry Clay propose the Missouri Compromise? i. Northern states were worried that Southern slave states would gain a majority of the representatives in Congress with the addition of Missouri c. What was the spoils system? i. How Andrew Jackson gave political jobs and positions in his administration to his supporters d. How did Andrew Jackson violate the Constitution as president? i. Andrew Jackson refused to comply with a Supreme Court ruling recognizing the Cherokee rights to their land e. What happened because of the Indian Removal Act? i. The U.S. government forced the five "civilized" tribes to leave their land leading to the Trail of Tears C. Quiz C a. What was the effect of the cotton gin on slavery in the United States? b. What was the Missouri Compromise? i. Missouri would be added as a slave state to the United States ii. Main would be added as a free state to the United States iii. Future territories that want to be states would automatically be free states if they were above the Mason-Dixon line. iv. Future territories that want to be states would automatically be slave states if they were below the Mason-Dixon line. c. Why did Andrw Jackson win the 1828 election? i. Because just about every state expanded suffrage to all white men even if they did not own property d. How did Andrew Jackson respond to the Supreme Court’s ruling on the Indian Removal Act? i. Andrew Jackson disagreed and refused to support the rulings as it protected the rights of Native Americans. e. What happened because of the Indian Removal Act? i. The Trail of Tears. D. Quiz D Reforming American Society / Manifest Destiny A. Quiz A a. What was the main goal of abolitionists? i. They wanted to end slavery b. How did most white northerners initially respond to the abolitionist movement? i. They generally opposed it c. What led to the women’s rights movement in the 1840s? i. Women at the World Anti-Slavery Convention were discriminated against and decided to start a movement to fight for their rights d. Who pushed for suffrage at the Seneca Falls Convention? i. Frederick Douglass e. Why did manifest destiny become a popular belief in the 1840s? i. Because white settlers were expanding westward and taking Native American and Mexican land during this period f. Why did white Texans seek independence from Mexico? i. Because white immigrants to Texas wanted to own slaves and Mexico had banned slavery g. Why did war break out between Mexico and the United States in 1846? i. Because Mexico had refused to sell its land to the United States h. How did the Mexican-American War end? i. The U.S. promised that Mexicans in the newly acquired territories would not lose their property ii. The U.S. took almost half of Mexico’s land B. Quiz B a. What was the abolitionist movement? i. A movement to end slavery b. What happened to William Lloyd Garrison because of his radical call for abolition? i. He was nearly lynched ii. His newspaper offices were attacked c. Who were the majority of activists in the reform movements of the 1830s, 40s, and 50s? i. Women ii. Protestant Christians d. What did women demand at the Seneca Falls Convention? i. Women's suffrage. e. What was manifest destiny? i. The racist belief that G_d wanted white Christians to take over all of the land on the North American continent. f. Why did white Texans seek independence from Mexico? i. Whites in Texas were upset that Stephen Austin was arrested by the Mexican government. ii. Because white immigrants to Texas wanted to own slaves and Mexico had banned slavery.  iii. White Texas immigrants did not want to obey Mexican laws. iv. Because white Texas immigrants did not want to pay taxes. g. Why did war break out between Mexico and the United States in 1846? i. Because American soldiers were sent to invade Mexican territory. ii. Because Mexico had refused to sell its land to the United States. h. How did the Mexican American War end? i. The U.S. forced Mexico to accept the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. ii. The United States defeated Mexico. iii. The U.S. took almost half of Mexico's land. iv. The U.S. promised that Mexicans in the newly acquired territories would not lose their property. C. Quiz C a. Why did some white northerners join the abolitionist movement? i. They were inspired to reform society by preachers from the Second Great Awakening b. What was the American Colonization Society? i. It was a white antislavery group that sought a gradual end to slavery ii. It was a white antislavery group that sought to send African Americans to Liberia c. What led to the women's rights movement in the 1840s? i. Women at the World Anti-Slavery Convention were discriminated against and decided to start a movement to fight for their rights. d. How come women did not immediately demand suffrage at the Seneca Falls Convention? i. They didn't think any of their other demands would be taken seriously if they did. e. What was manifest destiny? i. The racist belief that G_d wanted white Christians to take over all of the land on the North American continent. f. Why did white Texans seek independence from Mexico? i. Because white Texas immigrants did not want to pay taxes. ii. Because white immigrants to Texas wanted to own slaves Mexico had banned slavery. g. Why did war break out between Mexico and the United States in 1846? i. Because American soldiers were sent to invade Mexican territory. h. How did the Mexican-American War end? i. The U.S. took almost half of Mexico's land. D. Quiz D The Divisive Politics of Slavery A. Quiz A a. What did the Compromise of 1850 do? i. It threatened white northerners who aided escaped slaves with a $1000 fine  ii. It made California a free state b. Why was Uncle Tom’s Cabin important i. It made most white northerners realize that slavery was immoral and unchristian c. Why did many northerners oppose the Kansas-Nebraska Act? i. By potentially allowing slavery in Kansas and Nebraska it violated the Missouri Compromise d. What were the consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? i. The Republican Party was created e. What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott case? i. That Congress could not limit the expansion of slavery ii. That black people had no rights f. What happened in the Illinois Senate election of 1858? i. Abraham Lincoln became a figure known across the nation for his stance against the expansion of slavery ii. Abraham Lincoln lost the election g. What did John Brown’s Raid at Harpers Ferry lead to? i. A deeper divide between Northerners who celebrated him and Southerners who viewed him as a terrorist h. What happened in the presidential election of 1860? i. The Democratic Party split into Northern and Southern Democrats and nominated different candidates, causing their party to lose B. Quiz B a. What did the Compromise of 1850 do? i. It allowed white people in New Mexico and Utah to vote whether to make their states slave or free states. ii. It made California a free state. iii. It threatened white northerners who aided escaped slaves with a $1000 fine iv. It put all cases involving escaped slaves in front of a commissioner who would get paid more if they sided with the person claiming to be a slaveowner b. Why did Harriett Beecher Stowe write Uncle Tom's Cabin? i. She was outraged by the Fugitive Slave Act and sought to convince white people that slavery was immoral and unchristian. c. Why did many northerners oppose the Kansas Nebraska Act? i. By potentially allowing slavery in Kansas and Nebraska it violated the Missouri Compromise. ii. It had the potential to tip the balance of power in Congress toward the slave states. d. What were the consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? i. The Republican Party was created. ii. Fighting between pro and anti-slavery factions broke out in Kansas. e. What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott case? i. That black people had no rights  f. What happened in the Illinois Senate election of 1858? i. Abraham Lincoln became a figure known across the nation for his stance against the expansion of slavery. g. How was John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry viewed by most white northerners and southerners? i. Most white northerners viewed John Brown as a hero while most white southerners viewed him as a terrorist h. What happened in the presidential election of 1860? i. The Democratic Party split into Northern and Southern Democrats and nominated different candidates. ii. The Republican Party won the election and Abraham Lincoln became president. iii. Seven southern states seceded from the Union because they did not like the election results. iv. A third party, the Constitutional Union Party, was created to keep the country together but lost the election. C. Quiz C a. What did the Compromise of 1850 do? i. It threatened white northerners who aided escaped slaves with a $1000 fine. b. What was Uncle Tom's Cabin? i. It was a stereotypical book that raised white northern awareness of some of the evils of slavery. c. What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? i. It was a bill that allowed white people in Kansas and Nebraska to Decide if they wanted to allow or ban slavery in their states. d. What were the consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? i. Fighting between pro and anti-slavery factions broke out in Kansas ii. Many white northerners were outraged that slavery might be allowed North of the Missouri Compromise line. e. What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott case? i. That Congress could not limit the expansion of slavery and the black people had no rights. f. What happened in the Illinois Senate election of 1858? i. Abraham Lincoln lost the election. g. What happened at Harpers Ferry in 1859? i. John Brown launched an unsuccessful slave rebellion that led to further division between Northern and Southern whites. h. What happened in the presidential election of 1860? i. The Democratic Party split into Northern and Southern Democrats and nominated different candidates, who together, received a majority of the votes.  ii. The Republican Party won the election and Abraham Lincoln became president. i. D. Quiz D The Civil War Begins / The North Takes Charge A. Quiz A a. What event immediately led to the outbreak of the Civil War? i. A South Carolina militia attacked the Union-controlled Fort Sumter. b. What were the Confederacy’s strengths in the Civil War? i. The South had more committed soldiers. ii. The South had the best generals. c. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? i. An order from Lincoln declared that all slaves in the rebelling states were to be freed unless the Confederacy ended its rebellion. d. What did Lincoln’s issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation cause? i. It convinced the British to stop buying cotton from the South by making the war about ending slavery. ii. Many enslaved people in the South ran away and joined the Union army. e. What happened because of the draft during the Civil War? i. Whites in New York rioted, attacking the houses of rich people who were able to pay so that they would not get drafted. ii. Whites in New York rioted, attacking, and lynching any black people they saw. f. What was the most decisive battle in the Civil War? i. The Battle of Gettysburg g. What did Union soldiers do during Sherman’s March? i. They marched through Georgia destroying plantations. ii. They marched through Georgia freeing slaves. h. What is the exception to the 13th Amendment’s prohibition of slavery? i. People who are convinced of a crime can be legally enslaved as a form of punishment. B. Quiz B a. How did Lincoln try to avoid starting a war at the beginning of his presidency? i. He sent unarmed troops to resupply Fort Sumter in South Carolina. ii. He indirectly told the Confederate government that he would need to send supplies to Fort Sumter in Confederate-held territory b. What were the North's strengths going into the Civil War? i. The North had already begun to industrialize (while the South had not) ii. There were more people in the North. c. How was the Union army able to turn back Confederate forces in the Battle of Antietam? i. They got a hold of Robert E. Lee's top secret battle plans and were able to anticipate his moves beforehand  d. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? i. An order from Lincoln declaring that all slaves in the rebelling states were to be freed unless the Confederacy ended its rebellion e. Why did Abraham Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation? i. To inspire enslaved people in the South to run away and join the Union. ii. To convince the British to stop trading with the South. f. What happened because of the draft during the Civil War? i. Whites in New York rioted, attacking the houses of rich people who were able to pay so that they would not get drafted. ii. Whites in New York rioted, attacking and lynching any black people they saw. iii. Whites in New York rioted burning down a colored orphanage. iv. The army was brought in to bring an end to a riot in New York. g. What order did Union soldiers carry out in Sherman's March? i. They carried out the Emancipation Proclamation h. What amendment ended most forms of slavery? i. The 13th amendment C. Quiz C a. What happened at Fort Sumter in 1861? i. A South Carolina militia attacked a Union-controlled fort to start the Civil War b. What were the Union’s strengths in the Civil War i. The North Had already begun to industrialize (while the South had not) ii. There were more people in the North iii. There was a network of trains running throughout the North iv. They had a better system of food production c. What did Lincoln’s issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation cause? i. It convinced the British to stop buying cotton from the South by making the war about ending slavery d. Why did Abraham Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation? i. To win British support for the North ii. To inspire enslaved people in the South to run away and join the Union iii. To deprive the Confederacy of its slave labor force iv. To give the rebelling states one last chance to rejoin the Union e. How did the North get enough people to fight in the Civil War? i. They used conscription (a draft) f. How come General McClellan did not follow Lincoln’s orders to pursue the retreating Confederate army? i. He was a supporter of slavery and his heart was not in this conflict ii. He was a Democrat who disagreed with Lincoln’s views on slavery and the war g. What was Sherman’s March  i. When Union soldiers marched through Georgia destroying plantations and freeing slaves h. What did the 13th Amendment do? i. It ended most forms of slavery D. Quiz D Reconstruction and Its Effects A. Quiz A a. What was Abraham Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan? i. Allow all former confederate states into the Union and restore white male voting rights once 10 percent of their white male population swore allegiance to the U.S. b. What did the 14th Amendment do? i. It gave citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born in the U.S. c. What did Congress do about Andrew Johnson i. They impeached him d. How did white supremacists in the former confederacy attempt to oppress black people after the Civil War? i. They passed Black Codes to put black people in jail for being homeless or not having a job ii. They formed terrorist groups like the KKK to terrorize black people iii. They attacked black men for trying to vote iv. They forced them to accept work for their former masters as sharecroppers e. What happened under Radical Reconstruction i. Black officials were elected to public office in the South f. What brought an end to Reconstruction? i. An economic recession, the Panic of 1873, caused many white northerners to believe that government money would be better spent elsewhere. B. Quiz B a. What happened to Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan? i. The Radical Republicans in Congress felt it did nothing to protect the rights of the formerly enslaved and, over Andrew Johnson's veto, passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867, dividing the south into 5 military districts b. What did the 15th amendment do? i. It gave voting rights to all adult male citizens c. Why did Congress impeach Andrew Johnson? i. He blocked their efforts to protect the rights of newly freed slaves ii. He fired Secretary of War Edwin Stanton in violation of the Tenure of Office Act iii. He vetoed Reconstruction era laws like the one that created the Freedman's Bureau d. How did white supremacists in the former confederacy attempt to oppress black people after the Civil War?  i.They passed Black Codes in order to put black people in jail for being homeless or not having a job. ii. They formed terrorist groups like the KKK to terrorize black people. e. What happened under Radical Reconstruction? i. Republicans took over Reconstruction governments because many ex-Confederates refused to vote f. What brought an end to Reconstruction? i. An economic recession, the Panic of 1873, caused many white northerners to believe that government money would be better spent elsewhere. ii. The federal government removed troops from the South in the Compromise of 1877 C. Quiz C a. How come Congress did not support Abraham Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan? i. Radical Republicans felt like the plan did nothing to protect the rights of formerly enslaved people and was way too lenient on the Confederate secessionists. b. What did the 14th and 15th amendments do? i. The 14th amendment granted citizenship to everyone born in the United States while the 15th amendment guaranteed voting rights for all adult male citizens c. Why did Congress fail to remove Andrew Jahnson? i. They were one vote short of the required 2/3s senate majority needed to remove a president. d. How did white supremacists in the former confederacy attempt to oppress black people after the Civil War? i. They passed Black Codes in order to put black people in jail for being homeless or not having a job. e. What happened under Radical Reconstruction? i. Republican governments in the South created a network of railroads ii. Republican governments in the South created the first public educational systems there iii. Republican governments in the South passed laws against racial discrimination. iv. Black officials were elected to public office in the South. f. What brought an end to Reconstruction? i. White northerners lost interest in using the military to protect the rights of black people ii. The federal government removed troops from the South in the Compromise of 1877 iii. White supremacists "redeemed" the South by terrorizing black people who tried to vote.  iv. An economic recession, the Panic of 1873, caused many white northerners to believe that government money would be better spent elsewhere. D. Quiz D Culture Clashes on the Prairie / Segregation and Discrimination A. Quiz A a. What was the best way a warrior from a Plains Indian tribe could earn prestige and respect? i. Counting coup without killing anyone b. What happened in Sand Creek Massacre? i. U.S. forces slaughtered a village of the Native Americans who had not attacked them. c. What was the Dawes Act? i. A law that divided up Native American reservations between single Native American men and married Native American couples ii. A law that gave Native American women no land iii. A law that forced Native Americans to divide up their reservations into privately held farms iv. A law that stripped Native Americans of 2/3s of their land. d. Why did white hunters nearly kill all of the buffalo in the late 1800s? i. For sport ii. To destroy the main source of food of Plains Indians. e. What happened at Wounded Knee in 1890? i. Unarmed Sioux accused of doing the Ghost Dance were massacred by American soldiers. f. How did Booker T. Washington believe black people should challenge white supremacy? i. He publicly argued that black people should accept their lack of political rights. ii. He publicly argued that black people should do their best to earn a living through farming and other low-level positions. g. How did white people oppress black people in 1800s and early 1900s? i. They terrorized black communities through public lynchings. h. How did white people restrict the voting rights of black people from the period after Reconstruction through the 1960s? i. They threatened, beat up, and even killed black voters. B. Quiz B a. After the Spanish arrived, what did Plains Indians largely depend on? i. Hunting buffalo b. Why were many native peoples in the Plains forced off of their land by the U.S. government?* i. Because gold was discovered on it  c. What was the Dawes Act? i. A law that stripped Native Americans of 2/3s of their land. ii. A law that forced Native Americans to divide up their reservations into privately held farms d. Why did white hunters nearly kill all of the buffalo in the late 1800s? i. To destroy the main source of food of Plains Indians ii. Because the government hosted buffalo killing competitions iii. For sport e. Why were the Sioux forced on to the Wounded Knee reservation? i. They were accused of participating in the ghost dance, which the U.S. government had declared illegal. f. What was the issue the Supreme Court faced in the Plessy v. Ferguson case? i. Segregation g. How did white people oppress black people after Reconstruction? i. They segregated black people and forced them to accept second-class citizenship. ii. They prevented them from voting through terrorism and racist laws. iii. They terrorized black communities through public lynchings. iv. They discriminated against them and made it so that it was almost impossible for them to get any job other than sharecropping or servant work h. How did white people restrict the voting rights of black people from the period after Reconstruction through the 1960s? i. They required black voters to pass literacy tests. ii. They threatened, beat up, and even killed black voters. iii. They required black voters to pay poll taxes. iv. They created grandfather clauses making it all but impossible to vote if a person's grandfather was not able to vote before the end of the Civil War. C. Quiz C a. Why did warring Plains Indian tribes sometimes call a temporary truce? i. To trade with each other ii. To celebrate holidays iii. To share news b. What happened in the battle of Little Big Horn? i. Native American Forces anticipated the U.S. army, surprised them, and defeated them militarily c. What was the Dawes Act? i. A law that stripped Native Americans of 2/3s of their land d. Why did white hunters nearly kill all of the buffalo in the late 1800s? i. To destroy the main source of food of Plains Indians e. What did events at Sand Creek in 1864 and Wounded Knee in 1890 have in common? i. They were both massacres of Native American civilians by white soldiers f. What did the Supreme Court decide in Plessy v. Ferguson  i. That segregation was constitutional so long as “separate was equal” g. How did white people oppress black people after the Reconstruction era and into the early 1900s? i. They segregated black people and forced them to accept second-class citizenship ii. They terrorized black communities through public lynchings h. How did white people restrict the voting rights of black people after Reconstruction through the early 1900s? i. They required black votes to pay poll taxes ii. They required black voters to pass literacy tests D. Quiz D The Expansion of Industry / Big Business and Labor A. Quiz A a. Why did the U.S rapidly industrialize during the Civil War? i. Because the Union government had a huge demand for weapons, ammunition, uniform and transportation b. What economic system did the U.S. fully adopt by the late 1800s? i. Capitalism c. How did robber barons get rich in the late 1800s? i. They paid their workers very little d. Which of the following labor unions was the most inclusive? i. The Knights of Labor e. What made the Industrial Workers of the World different from other unions of the period? i. They accepted everybody regardless of race, gender, or country of origin ii. They sought to overthrow the capitalist order and create a socialist utopia f. How did the government deal with the 1877 Railroad Strike, the Homestead Strike, and the 1894 Pullman Strike? i. It sent troops to break up the striked and arrest strike leaders B. Quiz B a. When did most Americans work in factories? ii. In the early 1900s e. Why did social Darwinism become popular among wealthy white men in the late 1800s? i. It helped them justify the social inequality they benefited from f. How did robber barons get rich in the late 1800s? i. They created different kinds of monopolies ii. They used child labor and paid the children very little iii. They paid their adult workers very little iv. They polluted the environment g. What groups were accepted in the Knights of Labor? i. Women  ii. African Americans iii. Southeastern European immigrants h. What caused the 1877 Railroad Strike, the Homestead Strike, and the 1894 Pullman Strike? i. The businesses cut the wages of their workers i. How Was Eugene Debs Affected by the 1894 Pullman Strike? i. He was arrested for supporting the strike and successfully challenged the government to win his freedom ii. The failure of the strike made him more radical C. Quiz C a. Where did most Americans work around the time of the Civil War? i. Most Americans worked on farms b. What was social darwinism? i. The racist, incorrect idea that the white males were genetically superior to everyone else. c. How did robber barons get rich in the late 1800s? i. They created different kinds of monopolies ii. They did not allow their workers to unionize d. What did industrial workers form to stand up for their rights? i. Unions e. What caused the Haymarket Affair? i. Somebody threw a bomb during a protest against police brutality toward striking workers f. How was Eugene Debs affected by the 1894 Pullman Strike? i. He learned about socialism and became the leader of the Socialist Party D. Quiz D a. What major new innovations spurred industrialization in the U.S. in the mid to late 1800s? i. The Bessemer Steel Process ii. The Telegraph iii. The Telephone iv. Electric power b. What was the government’s attitude towards the businesses and the economy in the late 1800s? i. Laissez faire c. What was the late 1800s known as? i. The Gilded Age d. Which of the following unions was the most inclusive i. The Industrial Workers of the World e. What was the government’s response to the Haymarket Affair i. Eight men labeled as anarchist were arrested and four of them were hanged f. How was Eugene Debs affected by the 1894 Pullman Strike? i. He was arrested and jailed for supporting the strike.  ii. He challenged his arrest and took the case all the way to the Supreme Court iii. He learned about socialism and became the leader of the Socialist Party iv. The failure of the strike made him more radical The New Immigrants / The Challenges of Urbanization A. Quiz A a. What did the first American naturalization law state? i. That only “free white persons” could become citizens b. How did the U.S. respond to the Japanese government’s demands for an end to the racial segregation of Japanese Americans? i. The Gentlemen's Agreement: The U.S. agreed to stop the segregation of Japanese American schoolchildren if Japan agreed not to send any more "unskilled" immigrants c. Why did Southeastern Europeans leave their home countries in the late 1800s / early 1900s? i. They were escaping tyrannical, undemocratic governments ii. They were escaping mandatory military service d. What problems did the big cities have in the late 1800s / early 1900s? i. Diseases spread through the tenements e. Why were there so many major fires in the big cities in the late 1800s? i. The buildings were largely built of wood ii. There was a limited supply of water in the cities B. Quiz B a. What was the first American law about who could become a citizen? i. The 1790 Naturalization Act b. Why did the U.S. government pass the Chinese Exclusion Act? i. Because many whites blamed Chinese Americans for the Panic of 1873 even though they had nothing to do with it c. Why did Southeastern Europeans leave their home countries in the late 1800s/early 1900s? i. They were escaping religious persecution. d. What problems did the big cities have in the late 1800s/early 1900s? i. They were overcrowded. ii. There were no proper water or sanitation systems. e. What were tenements? i. Dirty, poorly built apartments C. Quiz C a. What did the first American naturalization law state? i. That only "free white persons" could become citizens. b. How did the U.S. respond to the Japanese government's demands for an end to the racial segregation of Japanese Americans?  i. The Gentlemen's Agreement: U.S. agreed to stop the segregation of Japanese American schoolchildren if Japan agreed not to send any more "unskilled" immigrants c. Why did Southeastern Europeans leave their home countries in the late 1800s/early 1900s? i. They were escaping tyrannical, undemocratic governments. ii. They were escaping mandatory military service. d. What problems did the big cities have in the late 1800s/early 1900s? i. Diseases spread through the tenements e. Why were there so many major fires in the big cities in the late 1800s? i. The buildings were largely built of wood. ii. There was a limited supply of water in the cities. D. Quiz D The Origins of Progressivism / Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal / Progressivism Under Taft A. Quiz A B. Quiz B C. Quiz C D. Quiz D Women in Public Life / Wilson’s New Freedom A. Quiz A B. Quiz B C. Quiz C D. Quiz D https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSct30fvbUwxwzYBRjoqFDBhOxW7wRFopofO gtuJRw042VcB_Q/viewscore?hr_submission=ChkI5PPzwNcPEhAIpPrmnbwUEgcI0caRsJ EUEAE&viewscore=AE0zAgBZUyAKCeMAUOdhf4xLJXoREHw621li-hYUMmHtLOIVFyZ68 OGS8c4I8z1aqQ