Reconstruction 1865-1877 Review Sheet PDF

**Reconstruction 1865-1877** 1\. When did Reconstruction start and finish in America? 1865-1877, end of civil war, reconstruction comes to an end in 1877 signals modern american history beyond that point. 2\. Identify the type of "rights" that were held by African-Americans Very limited, the bla...

**Reconstruction 1865-1877** 1\. When did Reconstruction start and finish in America? 1865-1877, end of civil war, reconstruction comes to an end in 1877 signals modern american history beyond that point. 2\. Identify the type of "rights" that were held by African-Americans Very limited, the black codes, more blacks will be farmers and servants 3\. Who was the running mate of President Lincoln and why was a southern chosen for this important position? Andrew Johnson because he was from the South (Tennessee), he could maybe unify the country 4\. Explain the major aspects of Reconstruction Plans between Johnson and Lincoln and where these plans were the same. Lincoln wanted to unify the country as quickly as possible, and make an easy peace, 10% of the people who voted in 1860 in the south had to take a loyalty oath and had to respect the rights of the free blacks, 13th, 14th, 15th. 5\. Describe the powers behind the Reconstruction Act of 1867 Establish military districts, state that the southerners had to accept the civil rights amendments, allow blacks rights to vote, these rights are considered very limited. 6\. How did the Radical Republicans respond to the powers of President Johnson? What type of relationship did they hold with each other? They are going to override his vetoes, they try to hurt the president and try to run reconstruction, Thadeus Stephens. A very volatile relationship, the radical republicans end up initiating the impeachment to Johnson. 7\. From the map, identify six southern states and when they were re-admitted back to the Union? Virginia - 1870 North Carolina - 1868 South Carolina - 1868 Georgia - 1870 Florida - 1868 Louisiana - 1868 8\. Which hate group gained power in the South at this time? KKK, gonna go against blacks, catholics, jews, and immigrants and the republicans. 9\. Why was Johnson impeached by the Radical Republicans through his violation of the Tenure of Office Act? Was this President fully removed from this position? They saw him as breaking the law for firing Edwin Stanton, he was a secretary of war, and he could not fire anybody without congressional approval (his cabinet) were placed there by Lincoln without congressional approval, fires Edwin Stanton, radical republicans initiate impeachment because he broke the law, the law itself was not constitutional and johnson knew that. He believed that that was a violation of his own separation of powers. No he was not fully removed from his position. 10\. What were the amount of veto's and congressional overrides between Congress and Johnson? How did these figures compare to other leaders and their relationship with Congress? More vetoes and overrides at this time then the previous 16 presidents combined (Washington-Lincoln) not a good relationship, cant work together not much is gonna get done. 11\. How did sharecropping and tenant farming keep the blacks tied to their lands? Gonna keep the blacks tied to the land, if the blacks are unable to pay their rent, they are stuck they have to stay there, bad crop, bad weather, too much rain, not enough rain, which keeps the black there until world war 1, a lot of blacks goes to industrial jobs in world war 1 and world war 2. 12\. Explain the type of military leader that Ulysses S. Grant was before he was a leader in 1868. He helps win the civil war, very popular at the end of the war, he was seen as a capable gentelmen. 13\. Identify four success and failures of the Grant Administration He is gonna go against the KKK, strengthen the 15th amendment (black males allowed to vote), make better relations with the native americans, large scale industrialism. Negative: Cabinet was corrupt, still difficult to carry out reconstruction in the south, questions over grants judgment, the republican party was not established in the south until the 1960s. 14\. Why did Grant utilize government power and the military to oppose the growth of the Ku-Klux-Klan? The clan was used in violence against black voters, Catholics, immigrants, jews, some northerners, does not want republicans to be solidified in the South because they won the civil war and they see that the democrats didn\'t want to be changed. 15\. How did Grant respond to the plight of the Native-Americans? He tried to work with the Indians to prevent the government from fighting with them, at this time the government says they need to get stuck on reservations, make treaties, give them so land but they cant leave the land (huntign anfd gathering over) 16\. Explain the problems of the Whiskey Ring. A corrupt government scandal, saw people that were tied to Grant, made money off of government land but were not paying taxes 9Northern business leaders, politicians). He was so nervous, grant had to testify and vogue for them, untrustrowrthy, they think hes a theif, they believed his cabinet was corrupt. 17\. Describe the ways that were used to hurt the rights of African-Americans Poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clause, hurting the rights of African Americans to vote in turn of republicans, sharecropping, tenant farming, scallywags, carpet baggers (people they opposed in the South), hurting the 13th, 14th, 15th amendments 18\. What were the successes of Reconstruction? Blacks gained freedom, some will be educated (some will become politicans, own their own land, vote for the republican party. Gained the 13th, 14th, 15th amenemdnts, some blacks will gaine ducation be in government, become doctors, some will own land, some will be farmers. 19\. Explain the negatives of Reconstruction The 13, 14, 15 Amendments were limited, there was resentment against the blacks, and tenant farming, and sharecropping was meant to keep the blacks tied to their land, the republican party was widley resented, carpet baggers and scallywags (negative in the south), hate group KKK goes against balcvks, jews, Catholics, northerners, republicans, South refuses to change (black codes and jim crow laws), the first impeachment attempt of a president (Andew Johnson with the Tenure of office act), poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses. 20\. Identify the problems of the Election of 1876 and the compromise that was created to allow Rutherford B. Hayes to be the next President of the United States Extremely close election between Rutherof B Hayes and Samuel Tilden. The election was going to be settled by the House of Representatives, Hayes made a deal and said he would end reconstruction, he put 2 southern democrats into his cabinet, who would handle the issues of civil rights by themselves. This is the end of reconstruction, not good for blacks. 21\. Describe the role of Poll Taxes, Literacy Tests, and Grandfather Clause They are looking to deprive the rights of black males to vote, it\'s gonna hurt them. Poll taxes = an additional tax in order to vote. Literacy Tests = difficult exams that were given to the black males in order to vote. Grandfather Clause = Former black slaves had to determine who their grandparents were in order to vote. They would have to vote for Democrats. 22\. What were the differences between the Black Codes and Jim Crowe Laws Black codes = informal unconstitutional laws that deprived the rights of blacks, 2 key jobs that blacks did were farming and servants, some blacks were doctors, lawyers, and in Congress but it was segregated. Jim Crow laws = legalized segregation, constitutional, it was correct for that time period.l 23\. What was the impact of the Closing down of the West for the Native Americans? The Indians were placed within the reservation system, and their hunting and gathering were going to destroy the buffalo, and more people were gonna come out of the railroad. The Indians were a little nomadic but stayed in the area. 24\. Which animal was devastated by the growth of population towards the West? The buffalo. 25\. Identify the result of the Dawes Plan towards the Native-Americans Place the Indians onto reservations, teach them some Christianity, and farmers, and try to give them SOME education. Dawes plans is the 1870s, the first one 26\. Explain the strength of the farmers "Grangers" movement at the end of 1800's The Grangers were a cooperative, they wanted to help the farmers in the Midwest and West, gained more political support, and opposed the railroads, usually bad. 27\. Describe why the farmers were always opposed to the strength of the railroads Railroads cut into their expenses, expensive, they want opposition against the re=ailroads, the railroads are too powerful.