Reconstruction Era Quiz (1865-1877)

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Questions and Answers

What years mark the beginning and end of Reconstruction in America?

1865-1870

1865-1877 (correct)

1870-1880

1860-1870

Which rights were primarily held by African-Americans during Reconstruction?

Equal rights with whites and civil service jobs

Rights to all public facilities without restrictions

Very limited rights under black codes (correct)

Full political rights and land ownership

Why was Andrew Johnson chosen as Abraham Lincoln's running mate?

He was a strong supporter of abolition

He was from the South to promote unity (correct)

He was a popular Northern politician

He had military experience

What was a key element of Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan?

10% of 1860 voters taking a loyalty oath (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following powers was established by the Reconstruction Act of 1867?

Establishment of military districts (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did Radical Republicans interact with President Johnson during Reconstruction?

They initiated impeachment against him (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hate group emerged during this period and targeted African-Americans?

The KKK (B) Signup and view all the answers

What led to President Johnson's impeachment?

Violation of the Tenure of Office Act (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant consequence of Johnson's impeachment process?

He faced trial and was not removed from office (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which Southern state was re-admitted to the Union in 1870?

Virginia (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did sharecropping and tenant farming affect the ability of African Americans to leave their lands?

They tied them to the land due to debts and poor crop yields. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What significant action did Ulysses S. Grant take against the Ku-Klux-Klan?

He utilized government power and military force to suppress them. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What were the major issues faced by the Grant administration?

Corruption within his cabinet and difficulties in reconstruction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did Grant's military background influence his presidency?

He was seen as a capable leader and war hero. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of Grant's attempts to improve relations with Native Americans?

Efforts to make treaties and establish reservations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the veto and congressional override relationship during Grant's presidency?

It resulted in more vetoes and overrides than the prior 16 presidents combined. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of the Whiskey Ring scandal during Grant's administration?

A political scandal involving bribery and tax evasion. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was one failure of the Grant Administration in terms of political support?

Failure to secure lasting support for the Republican Party in the South. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why was Grant perceived as untrustworthy during the Whiskey Ring scandal?

He failed to take action against corrupt friends. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a tactic used to restrict African American voting rights during Reconstruction?

Black Codes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Grandfather Clause?

To prevent African Americans from voting by requiring them to prove their ancestry. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What agreement was reached concerning the election of 1876 that effectively ended Reconstruction?

Hayes promised to appoint two Southern Democrats to his cabinet in exchange for the presidency. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a negative consequence of Reconstruction?

The abolition of slavery (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the ways that sharecropping helped to keep African Americans tied to the land?

It created a cycle of debt and dependence on white landowners. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a major success of Reconstruction?

The passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of Black Codes enacted in the South?

To limit the rights and opportunities of African Americans. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between the Republican Party and African Americans during Reconstruction?

The Republican Party was a strong advocate for African American rights and freedoms. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction?

To intimidate and terrorize African Americans and their allies. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the first impeachment attempt of a president during Reconstruction?

It highlighted the growing conflict between the president and Congress. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reconstruction Era (1865-1877)

Reconstruction marked the period after the Civil War, lasting from 1865 to 1877. It aimed to reunite the nation and rebuild the South.
This period ended modern American history.

African-American Rights

Rights for African Americans were extremely limited in the Reconstruction era, often defined by black codes. These codes restricted the rights of freedmen, often treating them as second-class citizens.
Their roles in society were largely predetermined and limited, often as farm laborers or servants.

Lincoln and Johnson's Plans

Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction focused on quickly reintegrating the Confederate states. He sought a gentle approach, emphasizing leniency toward the South.
10% of the people who voted in 1860 in the south had to take a loyalty oath and respect the rights of the free blacks. In the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments had to be respected by the Southern states.
Johnson, Lincoln's successor, held a different view. He believed the Southern states should be given significant autonomy in rebuilding themselves.

Reconstruction Acts of 1867

Military control was established over former Confederate states and the establishment of military districts.
Southern states had to ratify civil rights amendments.
Black citizens' right to vote was limited.

Radical Republicans and Johnson

Radical Republicans were a faction of the Republican Party that opposed lenient approaches to Reconstruction.
They challenged Johnson's policies. Their relationship with Johnson was highly contentious.
Impeachment actions were initiated by the Radical Republicans.

Southern States Rejoining the Union

Different southern states were readmitted at various points during Reconstruction, and the specifics of readmission varied.
The timeline varied from state to state due to different levels of cooperation with federal policies.

Southern Hate Groups

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) gained power in the South during this era. Their goal was to terrorize and intimidate African Americans and their supporters.
The KKK also targeted other minority groups in the region.

Johnson Impeachment

Johnson was impeached by the Radical Republicans. His policies, views, and actions were deemed violations of the constitution.

Grant Administration

Key aspects of the Grant Administration included confronting the KKK, working with Native Americans, issues of corruption and the 15th amendment.
The Grant administration also faced issues with corruption, scandals, and the implementation of political reforms.

Native American Issues

Grant attempted to address the issues of Native Americans by treaty and reservation creation, but these efforts ultimately failed to resolve the conflict between Native Americans and the westward expansion.

Agrarian Issues

Farmers in the West and Midwest were often opposed to the power of the railroads, as these businesses could severely impact their livelihoods and profits.

The Whiskey Ring Scandal

In the administration of President Grant, a corrupt activity surrounding government contracts related to the liquor industry came to light. The Whiskey Ring involved a group of government officials who were defrauding the government by making illegal profits from taxes.

Successes and Failures of Reconstruction

Successes : The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were a positive milestone, although implementation in society would take decades to achieve full equality and fairness.
Failures : Despite the amendments, lasting inequalities and oppression continued in the South, leading to the continued struggle for African American equality.

Civil Rights Amendments

Enforcement of Civil Rights was poorly supported by federal efforts after the initial ratification of the amendments.

Reconstruction Era Election of 1876

The election of 1876 was exceptionally close, resulting in a compromise that effectively ended Reconstruction.

Dawes Act (1887)

The Dawes Act was aimed at assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American life by dividing reservations into individual allotments.

Farmers' Grangers

The Grangers movement sought to improve conditions for farmers through cooperative organizations. They gained more political presence.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Reconstruction Era, the transformative period post-Civil War from 1865 to 1877. Explore key themes including African-American rights, the impact of black codes, and the differing plans of Presidents Lincoln and Johnson. Understand how this era shaped modern American history.