Philippine Government Branches PDF

.  3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.  - is authorized to make laws, alter, repea...

.  3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.  - is authorized to make laws, alter, repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of the Representatives.  The Legislative Power is vested in the CONGRESS Congress of the Philippines which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives. 24 Senators The Senate shall be composed of twenty-four Senators who shall be elected at large by the qualified voters of the Philippines. 250 House of Representatives The House of Representatives shall be composed of not more than 250 and 20% of whom must be the Party-list representatives.  LEGISLATIVE PROCESS - MAKING ENABLING LAWS - Congress is responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the constitution is upheld in the country and, at times, amend or change the constitution itself. RESOLUTIONS - convey Law BILLS - are laws principles and sentiments crafting in the making. of the Senate or the = House of the Representatives. Types of Legislation The type of measures that Congress may consider and act upon (in addition to treaties in the Senate) include bills and three kinds of resolutions. They are: 1. Bills When passed by both chambers in identical form and signed by the President or passed by Congress over a presidential veto, they become laws. 2. Joint Resolutions There is no real difference between a bill and a joint resolution. The latter generally is used when dealing with a single item or issue, such as a continuing or emergency appropriations bill. Joint resolutions are also used for proposing amendments to the Constitution. 3. Concurrent Resolutions It is used for matters affecting the operations of both houses and must be passed in the same form by both of them. Concurrent resolutions are used to fix the time of adjournment of a Congress and to express the “sense of Congress” on an issue. 4. Simple Resolutions A simple resolution deals with matters entirely within the prerogative of one house of Congress, such as adopting or receiving its own rules. Simple resolutions are used occasionally to express the opinion of a single house on a current issue. Oftentimes, it is also used to call for a congressional action on an issue affecting national interest.  - is composed of the President and the V-President. The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of the country’s bureaucracy. The Constitution vests executive power on the President of the Philippines. As chief executive, the President exercises control over all executive departments, bureaus, and offices.  POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT Executive Order - known as the Administrative code of 1987. no. 292, s. 1987 The following powers are: 1. Power of control over the executive branches Control over all executive departments, bureaus, and offices. 2. Power of giving ordinance Power to give “executive issuances”, which means to streamline the policy and programs of an administration. 6 issuances that the President may issue: - The VP may concurrently assume a cabinet position after succeeding the position of the former President. - The VP is mandated to assume the presidency. - Cabinet secretaries acts as the alter ego of the President. - The numbers of the cabinet secretaries varies from time to time. - According to the Administration Code of 1987, the President may create or dissolve any department as he sees fit. - The executive branch extends beyond the national government. - The President is mandated to supervise the local government all over the country. - Local Government Code of 1991 - Judicial power rests with the Supreme Court and the lower courts. - Its duty is to settle controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable The Constitution expressly grants the Supreme Court the power of: Judicial Review as the power to declare a treaty, international or executive agreements, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instructions, ordinance or regulation unconstitutional.  PRINCIPLE OF CHECKS AND BALANCES The 3 co - equal departments are established by the constitution in as balanced positions as possible. To maintain this balance or to restore it if upset, each department is given certain powers with which to check the others. Checks by the President Checks by the Congress Checks by the Judiciary - may veto or disapprove bills - Congress may override the veto - the Supreme Court as final enacted by the Congress. of the President. arbiter may declare legislative - Reject certain appointments of measures or executive acts - through pardoning power, the President. unconstitutional. he may modify or set aside - Revoke the proclamation of the judgements of the court. martial law or suspension of writ of - determine whether or not there habeas corpus by the President. has been a grave abuse of - amend or revoke the decision of discretion amounting to lack or the Court. excess of jurisdiction on the part - the power to impeach the of the President or the President and members of the Congress. Supreme Court. Worksheet - Seatwork Instructions: Decide which duties belong to each branch. Then write the duty in the correct box. Use reference materials to help you. Branches of the Government - 15pts. Government Duties 1. Explain law and treaties Legislative 2. Run the government Branch 3. Write new laws (the Congress) 4. Pass laws about taxes 5. Decide whether law are fair Choose government leaders 1. Make laws that control trade Executive 2. Branch 3. Act as commander in chief (the President) 4. Judge laws 5. Pass laws to print more money Judge cases about treaties 1. Lead the country’s leaders Judicial 2. Branch Deal with other countries 3. (the Supreme 4. Act for the starter voters Courts) 5. Judge cases about national law How to be one of the officials of the National Government?  QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT President and the Vice - President natural-born citizen of the Philippines a registered voter able to read and write at least forty (40) years of age on the day of the election a resident of the Philippines for at least ten (10) years immediately preceding the election.  QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT Congress - SENATORS natural-born citizens of the Philippines at least 35 years of age on the day of the election able to read and write registered voter a resident of the Philippines for at least two (2) years immediately preceding the day of the election.  QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT Congress - HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES natural-born citizens of the Philippines at least 25 years of age on the day of the election able to read and write except for a party-list representative, a registered voter in the district in which he/she shall be elected. a resident thereof for a period of not less than one (1) year preceding the election.  QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT Congress - ADDITIONAL QUALIFICATION FOR PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVES a bona fide member of the party or organization which he seeks to present for at least ninety (90) days preceding the day of the election.  QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT Supreme Court natural-born citizens of the Philippines at least forty (40) years of age he must have, for fifteen (15) years or more, been a judge of a lower court or engaged in the practice of law in the Philippines. he must be a person of proven competence, integrity, probity, and independence.  COMPOSITION LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT SENATE - 24 PRESIDENT - CHIEF SUPREME COURT - 15 EXECUTIVE MEMBERS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE - not more than of 250 members VICE - PRESIDENT 1 - Chief Justice including party-list representatives 14 - Associate Justice DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVES - CABINET OFFICIALS 80% PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVES - 20% 229 - DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVES 56 - PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVES  TERMS OF OFFICE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT SENATE - 2 consecutive PRESIDENT - 1 term of NO TERM LIMIT - but terms allowed with 6 years 6 years without they mandated to per term. re-election. hold office during good behavior until DISTRICT AND PARTY-LIST V-PRESIDENT - 2 they reach the age of REPRESENTATIVES - 3 consecutive terms 70 on become consecutive terms with 3 allowed with 6 years per incapacitated to years per term. term. discharge the duties of their office. Philippine Government Organizational Chart