Chrisland Schools Limited Year Ten Data Processing Notes PDF

Topic : Subject : Term: 2nd Session :2023 - 2024 School: CHRISLAND SCHOOLS LIMITED Class : YEAR TEN Educator : HOME  Topic : TABLE OF CONTENT WEEK 2: CLASSIFICATION OF WEEK 1: HISTORY OF COMPUTERS...

Topic : Subject : Term: 2nd Session :2023 - 2024 School: CHRISLAND SCHOOLS LIMITED Class : YEAR TEN Educator : HOME  Topic : TABLE OF CONTENT WEEK 2: CLASSIFICATION OF WEEK 1: HISTORY OF COMPUTERS COMPUTERS WEEK 3: ICT APPLICATION IN EVERYDAY WEEK 4: DATABASE MANAGEMENT LIFE SYSTEM WEEK 5: DATABASE MANAGEMENT WEEK 6: MID TERM BREAK SYSTEM WEEK 7: THE ART OF INFORMATION WEEK 8: THE ART OF INFORMATION PROCESSING PROCESSING WEEK 9: REVISION WEEK 10: END OF TERM EXAMS WEEK 11: END OF TERM EXAMS WEEK 12: WEEK 13: HOME Topic : WEEK1 HISTORY OF COMPUTERS HOME Topic : HOME Topic : OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson the students should be able to; 1. Identify the five generation of computers, 2. Match with its characteristics and features of computers HOME  Topic : CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS Meaning of Computer: A computer is an electronic device that works under the control of a stored program for accepting data, storing data, processing data and bringing out the result of the processed data called information (i.e output) Computers can be classified by: Generation Type Size Degree of versatility (Purpose) HOME  Topic : CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS BY GENERATION Meaning of Computer Generation: Computer generation is a word used to describe set of computers in terms of: i) The year of development and invention ii) The technology involved iii) Speed of operation iv) Storage capacity and v) Period of existence There are five different generations of computers; namely: (a) First generation, (b) Second generation, (c) Third generation, (d) Fourth Generation, (e) fifth generation HOME  Topic :OF FIRST GENERATION (1945 - FEATURES 1959) 1. They used electronic VALVES (Vacuum Tubes) for their circuit 2. Very large, occupied much space, inflexible and unreliable 3. They generated much heat 4. They had low speed, low memory, high failure rate and very expensive. 5. Input of data was through punched cards 6. Output of information was through magnetic tape HOME  ST GENERATION COMPUTERS Topic : EXAMPLES OF 1 1. ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integration Analyser Calculator. 2. EDSAC: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer. 3. EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer. 4. UNIVAC: : UNIVersal Automatic Computer. 5. COLLOSSUS Computer 6. IBM 650 and 701 (International Business Machine) HOME SECONDTopic : GENERATION COMPUTER (1960 - 1965) FEATURES 1. They used TRANSISTORS in place of vacuum tubes. 2. Smaller, faster, more reliable than 1st generation computers and generated less heat. 3. They used English as computer language 4. They had in-built error detection and correction devices 5. Input and Output of data and information were done through magnetic tape HOME THIRDTopic : GENERATION (1966 - 1975) FEATURES 1. They used Integrated Circuit (I.C) in place of transistors. 2. Small in size and high capability of components 3. 3rd generation marked the beginning of keyboard for input and monitor for output. 4. Increase in processing speed and accuracy 5. Decrease in price, less heat and reduction in size 6. They supported multi-processing capability HOME FOURTH TopicGENERATION : (1975 - 1990) FEATURES 1. This began the era (period) of micro-processor 2. It marked the evolution of Micro Computer 3. They used Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit with micro-processor. 4. They are user friendly, menu- driven, interactive and intelligent software were introduced. 5. They have faster memories and mass storage facilities 6. More powerful, less costly, more reliable and portable. HOME  Topic : FIFTH GENERATION (1990 - Date) FEATURES 1. They are concerned with Knowledge-Based- Oriented processing 2. They use artificial intelligence program to perform functions of human experts, solving problems that require human intelligence. 3. They can learn, appreciate, make reference, take decisions and perform other activities. 4. They use Expert System software to decode, understand human voice, make logical inference and take decisions. HOME CLASSWORK Topic : Write two features each for the following computer generation: a. First generation b. Second generation c. Third generation d. Fourth generation HOME ASSIGNMENT Topic : Summarize in a tabular form the generations of computers HOME Topic : WEEK 2 CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS HOME Topic : OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson the students should be able to classify computers by Type Size degree of versatility HOME Topic : HOME  Topic Classification : by type Types of computers are: Digital computers Analog computers Hybrid computers HOME  Topic : Digital computers Digital computers represent varying quantities symbolically, as their numerical values change. Digital computers are designed to process data in numerical form their circuits perform directly the mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. HOME  Topic : Analog computers An analog computer is a form of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved. HOME  Topic : Hybrid computers Hybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of analog computers and digital computers. The digital component normally serves as the controller and provides logical operations, while the analog component normally serves as a solver of the various problems. HOME Topic : Classification by size HOME CLASSIFICATION Topic : OF COMPUTERS BY SIZE Computers can also be classified by their physical and internal components size as: 1. Super Computer 2. Mainframe Computers 3. Mini Computers 4. Micro Computers FEATURES OF SUPER COMPUTERS a) They are the largest, fastest and most expensive computers b) They have processing speed between 600 million to 900 Million Instructions Per Seconds c) They are used to carry out complex calculations in weather forecasting and oil exploration. HOME Topic : SUPER COMPUTER HOME  Topic : FEATURES OF MAINFRAME COMPUTERS i) They are large computers in term of price, size of internal memory and speed ii) They are “family” or range of computers rather than a single computer iii) They have variety of peripheral devices such as printers, plotters, terminals, etc. iv) They have large amount of external storage v) They need specialized environment to operate. HOME Topic : MAINFRAME COMPUTER HOME FEATURES TopicOF : MINI COMPUTERS a) They are smaller and less powerful and less expensive than mainframe. b) They are easier to install and operate c) They require less floor space and do not require specialized environment to operate. FEATURES OF MICRO COMPUTERS 1. Micro Computer is a computer whose central processing unit (CPU) is based on a micro processor 2. They are the most popular and common of all computers 3. They are very small and not as complex as mini or mainframe 4. They are less expensive and easy to use 5. They can be linked with mainframes and minis. HOME Topic : MINI COMPUTER HOME Topic : MICRO COMPUTER HOME  Topic : Microcomputer A personal computer; designed to meet the computer needs of an individual. Provides access to a wide variety of computing applications, such as word processing, photo editing, e- mail, and internet. Pleasant Grove High School HOME M. Guymon Spring 2003  Topic : Desktop Microcomputer A microcomputer that fits on a desk and runs on power from an electrical wall outlet. The CPU can be housed in either a vertical or a horizontal case. Has separate components (keyboard, mouse, etc.) that are each plugged into the computer. Pleasant Grove High School M. Guymon Spring 2003 HOME  TopicLaptop : MicroComputer A portable, compact computer that can run on an electrical wall outlet or a battery unit. All components (keyboard, mouse, etc.) are in one compact unit. Usually more expensive than a comparable desktop. Sometimes called a Notebook. Pleasant Grove High School M. Guymon Spring 2003 HOME  Topic : Handheld Also called a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant). A computer that fits into a pocket, runs on batteries, and is used while holding the unit in your hand. Typically used as an appointment book, address book, calculator, and notepad. Can be synchronized with a personal microcomputer as a backup. Pleasant Grove High School M. Guymon Spring 2003 HOME  Topic : Classification of computers by functionality There are two (2) types of computer under this category. They are: HOME  Topic : General purpose computers: - These are multipurpose Computers capable of solving a wide range of problems (task). They can be used in and for various aspects like drawing, calculating, designing, typing, multi-media functions, playing games. Etc. Examples are the Desktop computers, Laptop, Mini Tower computer, etc HOME Topic : Special purpose computers: these are dedicated computers designed solely for the purpose for solving a particular problem. Examples are the road Traffic Light control, calculators Robots (Robotics), Counting Machines, etc. HOME  Topic :Classification by speed and processing power There are many classifications of computers based on their processing power (speed) and as of now, there's no standard classification. You can classify them broadly as: 1. Micro computers 2. Desktop computers 3. Mainframes 4. Super computers HOME  Topic : workstation HOME Topic : Tablet PC HOME  Topic : Handheld PC(PDA) HOME  Topic : Smart phone HOME  Topic : Classwork Mention three criteria used for classifying computers Classify computers by their sizes HOME  Topic : Homework Classify computers by type with one example for each of them Classify computer by their functionality with one example for each of them HOME  Topic : Application of ICT in everyday life Uses of ICT Impact of ICT in the society HOME T2 WK 1 of 3 Topic : …… Topic : Application in everyday life HOME Topic : HOME Topic : OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson the students should be able to describe: The ways in which ICT is used in the society. Mention ways ICT has assisted the societal development HOME  Topic : THE WAYS IN WHICH ICT IS USED Communication applications , such as newsletters, websites, multimedia presentations, music scores, cartoons, flyers and posters. Interactive communication applications, such as blogs, wikis and social networking websites. Data handling applications, such as surveys, address lists, tuck shop records, clubs and society records, school reports and school libraries. HOME Topic : HOME  Topic : Measurement applications, such as scientific experiments, electronic timing and environmental monitoring. Control applications, such as turtle graphics, control of lights, buzzers and motors, automatic washing machines, automatic cookers, central heating controllers, burglar alarms, video recorders/players, microwave ovens and computer controlled greenhouse. Modelling applications, such as 3D modelling, simulation (e.g. flight, driving and queue management) and use of spreadsheets for personal finance and tuck shop finances. HOME Topic : HOME  Topic : Computer-controlled greenhouse HOME  Topic : Other work-related ICT applications and their effects Communication applications, such as the internet, email, fax, electronic conferencing, mobile telephones and internet telephony services. Applications for publicity and corporate image publications, such as business cards, letterheads, flyers and brochures. Applications in manufacturing industries, such as robotics in manufacture and production line control. Applications for finance departments (such as billing systems, stock control and payroll. School management systems, including registration, records and reports. Booking systems, such as those in the travel industry, the theatre and cinemas. HOME Topic : HOME  Topic : Applications in banking, including Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), ATMs for cash withdrawals and bill paying, credit/debit cards, cheque clearing, phone banking, internet banking. Applications in medicine, including doctors’ information systems, hospital and pharmacy records, monitoring and expert systems for diagnosis. Applications in libraries (such as records of books and borrowers and the issue of books. Expert systems (for example in mineral prospecting, car engine fault diagnosis, medical diagnosis, chess games) Applications in the retail industry (stock control, POS, EFTPOS, internet shopping, automatic reordering) HOME  Topic : What is an Expert System? An expert system is computer software that attempts to act like a human expert on a particular subject area. Expert systems are often used to advise non-experts in situations where a human expert in unavailable (for example it may be too expensive to employ a human expert, or it might be a difficult to reach location). HOME  Topic : Classwork -Highlight five uses of ICT in everyday life. -List three ways ICT has assisted the societal development HOME  Topic : Homework List three ways ICT has assisted the societal development HOME  CCI: 1 of T2 WK 4-5 Topic :: Database Management System Topic …… HOME Topic : HOME  CCI: 1 of T2 WK 4- 5 Topic : Database Management System Topic …… Learning Outcomes 1. Explain the term DataBase Management. 2. Explain the use of Data Base Management System :. 3. Load and exit Ms Access. 4. Create and populate table 5. Create query HOME  Topic : What is a Database? A database is an organized collection of related data. It manages very large amounts of data, supports efficient access to very large amounts of data and concurrent access to very large amounts of data. Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS) from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software- development tools. Example: bank and its ATM machines, a filing cabinet, an address book, a telephone directory, a timetable, etc. HOME  Topic : Databases can store information about people, books, products, or anything else. Most, but not all, databases are computerised. HOME Topic : Examples of DBMS 1. Microsoft Access 2. dBASE III Plus 3. FoxBASE Plus 4. SoftBASE 5. Clipper 6. Paradox 7. FileMaker Pro HOME  Topic : Benefits of a Database 1. Can store very large numbers of records efficiently. 2. It is very quick and easy to find information. 3. It is easy to add new data and to edit or delete old data. 4. Data can be sought for and found easily. 5. Data can be sorted easily. 6. More than one person can access the same database at the same time – multi-access. 7. Security may be better than in paper files. HOME  Topic : Database Terminologies 5. Field size: Amount of space reserved for storing data in a field 6. Record: A record is the collection of values for all the fields pertaining to one entity. The entity could be anything ranging from a person, product, company, transaction, etc. 7. Table: A table is a collection of related records. For example, student’s table, employee table, product table, customer, and orders tables. Normally, in a table, records are represented by rows and fields are represented as columns. 8. File: In the database context, a file is defined as a collection of related records. Normally, these records contain information pertaining to a subject, such as students, customers or invoices. 9. Key: Commonly known as a primary key, refers to a field that uniquely identifies a record in a table. 10. Foreign Key: Is a key used in one table to represent the values of a primary key in a related table. While primary keys must contain unique values, foreign keys may have duplicates. HOME Topic : HOME  Topic : ACTIVITIES 1.Loading files from different sources (csv files) 2.Create file structures in Ms-Access 3. Sort data using one criterion into ascending or descending 4.Create a calculated field HOME Creating a new Topic : database from scratch 1. On the Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access page, under New Blank Database, click Blank Database. 2. In the Blank Database pane, type a file name in the File Name box. If you do not supply a file name extension, Access adds it for you. To change the location of the file from the default, click Browse for a location to put your database (next to the File Name box), browse to the new location, and then click OK. 3. Click Create. 4. Access creates the database with an empty table named Table1, and then opens Table1 in Datasheet view. The cursor is placed in the first empty cell in the Add New Field column. 5. Begin typing to add data. HOME  Topic : CREATE FILE STRUCTURES IN MS-ACCESS HOME  Topic : PRACTICAL ACTIVITY Create and populate a table Create a simple query search HOME  CCI: 1 of T2 WK 7-8 Topic : …… Topic : THE ART OF INFORMATION PROCESSING HOME  CCI: 1 of T2 WK 7- 8 Topic : THE ART OF INFORMATION PROCESSING Topic …… Learning Outcomes 1. Define Information processing 2. List the basic stages of information processing :. 3. Mention the procedures for Information processing HOME  Topic : INFORMATION PROCESSING Information processing is the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer. As such, it is a process that describes everything that happens (changes) in the universe, from the falling of a rock (a change in position) to the printing of a text file from a digital computer system. In the latter case, an information processor is changing the form of presentation of that text file HOME  Topic : In computing, information processing broadly refers to the use of algorithms to transform data— the defining activity of computers HOME  Topic : The five basic stages of information processing are: Collection of Data -- capturing data from their sources and recording it onto some media (e.g., paper). Preparation of Data -- copying, grouping, or arranging data in a more convenient way for input. Input of Data -- entering the data or sending the stored data into the processing system HOME  Topic : Processing of Data -- calculating or manipulating the input data and even storing the results for future use Output of Information -- giving out the processed results in a readable form (e.g., a report). HOME  Topic : Procedures for information processing 1. Collation of information 2. Organization of information 3. Analysis of information 4. Interpretation of information HOME  Topic : Possible ways of organizing information 1. Alphabetical by name 2. Alphabetical by title 3. Chronology 4. Statistically 5. Subject 6. Geographically 7. Computer databases HOME