Chicago_Classification_Achalasia_MCQ.txt

? What is a common feature among all types of Achalasia according to the Chicago Classification? + Elevated Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Reduced Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Normal Integrated Relaxati...

? What is a common feature among all types of Achalasia according to the Chicago Classification? + Elevated Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Reduced Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - Normal Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) - No change in Integrated Relaxation Pressure (IRP) at the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) ? What characterizes Type 1 Achalasia? + Complete absence of peristalsis (100% failed) - Partial peristalsis with occasional contractions - Presence of peristalsis with normal contractions - Incomplete absence of peristalsis (50% failed) ? Which feature distinguishes Type 2 Achalasia? + Complete lack of peristalsis with "Pan-Esophageal Pressurization" in more than 20% of swallows - Partial peristalsis with "Pan-Esophageal Pressurization" in more than 20% of swallows - Complete lack of peristalsis with "Pan-Esophageal Pressurization" in less than 20% of swallows - Normal peristalsis with no "Pan-Esophageal Pressurization" ? What characterizes Type 3 Achalasia? + Complete lack of peristalsis with contractions or spasms present in over 20% of swallows - Partial peristalsis with contractions in over 20% of swallows - Complete lack of peristalsis with contractions in less than 20% of swallows - Normal peristalsis with occasional contractions ? What radiological feature is characteristic of Achalasia? + Bird Beak Appearance - Corkscrew Appearance - Rat Tail Appearance - Nutcracker Appearance ? What condition is characterized by shouldering and long segment defects in the esophagus? + Carcinoma of the Esophagus - Achalasia - Zenker's Diverticulum - Nutcracker Esophagus ? Which radiographic appearance is associated with Carcinoma of the Esophagus? + Rat Tail Appearance - Bird Beak Appearance - Corkscrew Appearance - Nutcracker Appearance ? What is Zenker's Diverticulum also known as? + Pharyngeal Pouch - Esophageal Pouch - Gastric Pouch - Intestinal Pouch ? What type of diverticulum is Zenker's Diverticulum considered to be? + False (mucosal) pulsion diverticulum - True (mucosal) traction diverticulum - False (muscular) traction diverticulum - True (muscular) pulsion diverticulum ? Where does Zenker's Diverticulum arise from? + Inferior constrictor muscle - Superior constrictor muscle - Middle constrictor muscle - Cricopharyngeus muscle ? Through which weak area does Zenker's Diverticulum form? + Killian's Dehiscence - Zenker's Space - Pharyngeal Gap - Esophageal Notch ? What symptoms are associated with Zenker's Diverticulum? + Food regurgitation when lying down, halitosis, and aspiration risk - Difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and weight loss - Acid reflux, vomiting, and nausea - Chronic cough, hoarseness, and sore throat ? How is Zenker's Diverticulum diagnosed? + Barium swallow or CT with oral contrast - Endoscopy alone - MRI with contrast - X-ray without contrast ? What are the treatment options for Zenker's Diverticulum? + Endoscopic diverticulopexy or stapled diverticulopexy - Endoscopic dilation or Botox injections - Heller's cardiomyotomy or POEM - Fundoplication or myotomy ? What was the previous treatment method for Zenker's Diverticulum? + Diverticulectomy combined with cricopharyngeal myotomy - Heller's cardiomyotomy alone - POEM alone - Botox injections ? What is used for medical treatment of Achalasia? + Calcium channel blockers or nitrates to relax the LES - Proton pump inhibitors to reduce acid - Antibiotics to treat infection - Antispasmodics to reduce contractions ? Which minimally invasive procedures are used for Achalasia? + Botox injections or endoscopic dilation of the LES - Heller's cardiomyotomy or POEM - Fundoplication or myotomy - Diverticulectomy or myotomy ? What is the preferred treatment for Achalasia? + Heller's cardiomyotomy ("Cut the Muscle") - POEM (Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy) - Botox injections - Endoscopic dilation ? How is the muscle cut in Heller's cardiomyotomy for the lower esophagus? + Muscle is cut over a length of 6 to 7 cm while preserving the mucosa - Muscle is cut over a length of 2 to 3 cm while preserving the mucosa - Muscle is cut over a length of 8 to 10 cm while preserving the mucosa - Muscle is cut over a length of 4 to 5 cm while preserving the mucosa ? How is the muscle cut in Heller's cardiomyotomy for the cardia? + Muscle is cut over 2 to 2.5 cm, leaving the mucosa intact - Muscle is cut over 4 to 5 cm, leaving the mucosa intact - Muscle is cut over 6 to 7 cm, leaving the mucosa intact - Muscle is cut over 1 to 1.5 cm, leaving the mucosa intact ? Which procedure is the preferred approach for Type III achalasia? + POEM (Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy) - Heller's cardiomyotomy - Endoscopic dilation - Botox injections ? What characterizes Nutcracker Esophagus? + High amplitude contractions with pain during swallowing - Irregular contractions with no pain - Low amplitude contractions with pain during swallowing - Normal amplitude contractions with pain during swallowing ? What is another name for Corkscrew Esophagus? + Diffuse esophageal spasm - Nutcracker Esophagus - Achalasia - Zenker's Diverticulum ? What symptoms are associated with Corkscrew Esophagus? + Irregular contractions - High amplitude contractions - Low amplitude contractions - Normal contractions