chem 2.3.pdf
Transcript
2.3 States Of Matter Kinetic-molecular theory - All matter is composed of tiny particles ( atoms, molecules, or ions) that are in constant motion - The energy determines the the speed of motion of the particles and the greater the amount of energy ( us...
2.3 States Of Matter Kinetic-molecular theory - All matter is composed of tiny particles ( atoms, molecules, or ions) that are in constant motion - The energy determines the the speed of motion of the particles and the greater the amount of energy ( usually thermal ) the faster the motions and the opposite is true as well - Particles would fly apart is they are not limited in some way tate of matter is determined (differentiated) by kinetic energy of the S particles and the attractive forces between the particles. Solids - have relatively little kinetic energy compared with the attractive forces that are present between particles. The attractive forces significantly limit the movement of the particles which vibrate in a fixed position - Fixed volume and shape - Incompressible Liquids - Their particles have a degree of freedom and have moderate kinetic energy. The particles have enough kinetic energy to partially overcome the attractive forces between them and are slightly more spread apart. - The volume of a liquid is constant (definite) - Liquid takes the shape of the container - Is nearly incompressible Gases - Has enough kinetic energy for its particles to completely overcome all the attractive forces between them so the particles move rapidly in random directions across great distances - Has a variable shape - They are also fluids - Easy to compress
