States of Matter: Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Questions and Answers

The temperature of the environment

The size of the particles in the substance

The kinetic energy of the particles and the attractive forces between them (correct)

The pressure applied to the substance

Variable shape

Fixed volume (correct)

Particles that can move freely

High compressibility

Liquid particles are partially overcomes attractive forces while gas particles completely overcome them (correct)

Liquid particles cannot move at all

Liquid particles are fixed in place

Liquid particles have higher kinetic energy than gas particles

<p>Gases are easier to compress than liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Particles in solids vibrate in fixed positions while gas particles move freely</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

All matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms, molecules, ions) that are in perpetual motion.
The energy of the particles, particularly thermal energy, dictates their motion speed; higher energy leads to faster movements.
In the absence of limiting forces, particles would disperse widely.

The state of matter is influenced by the kinetic energy of particles and the attractive forces holding them together.

Particles in solids possess low kinetic energy compared to the strong attractive forces, which confine them to fixed positions, resulting in vibrations.
Have a definite volume and shape.
Solids are incompressible due to their tightly packed particles.

Liquid particles exhibit moderate kinetic energy, allowing some to overcome attractive forces while remaining close together.
Volume of a liquid remains constant (definite).
Acquire the shape of their container while remaining nearly incompressible.

Gas particles have sufficient kinetic energy to completely overcome attractive forces, leading to rapid movement in random directions across large distances.
Have variable shape, adapting to their container.
Gases are classified as fluids and are easily compressible.