Chapter 4 Health Belief Model PDF

Chapter 4: Health Belief Model Wednesday, September 25, 2024 10:37 AM ² Core factors influencing willingness to change: ○ Psychological readiness: § Motivation. § Beliefs. ○ Situational Influences: § Family. § Resources…...

Chapter 4: Health Belief Model Wednesday, September 25, 2024 10:37 AM ² Core factors influencing willingness to change: ○ Psychological readiness: § Motivation. § Beliefs. ○ Situational Influences: § Family. § Resources… □ Example: ® Access to tutoring. ® The ability to have transportation. ® Income: ◊ Having it or not. ® Having a car or not. ○ Environmental Conditions: § Access. § Culture. ² Health Belief Model: ○ Identifies the relationships of the following to the likelihood of taking preventative health action: a. Individual perceptions about susceptibility to and seriousness of disease. b. Sociodemographic variables. c. Environmental cues. d. Perceptions of the benefits and costs. ² Health Belief Model (4 C0re Constructs): ○ Perceived Susceptibility: § Subjective estimate of the likelihood of personally contracting a disease or experiencing some other negative event or outcome. Vulnerability. Risk perception. ○ Perceived Seriousness: § Severity of consequences of disease or undesired event (injury, infection …). ○ Perceived Threat (Sub-factor): § Combination of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. ○ Perceived Benefits: § Perception of how valuable or useful a behavioral change is, how much your life would really change (improve), and how much the change would decrease risk. ○ Perceived Barriers: § Key construct in behavior change. Perceived obstacles preventing a person from taking action. □ Barriers To Change: a) Denial. b) Rationalization. c) Blame. d) Discomfort. e) Lack of skills. ² Modifying Variables: ○ Alter perceived benefits of a prevention behavior. a. Demographics: 1) Age. 2) Marital Status. 3) Ethnicity. b. Socio-psychological: 1) Peers. 2) Personality. c. Structural: 1) Knowledge. 2) Past Experience. ² Cues to Action: ○ Stimuli that guides behavior. Events, people, or things that move people to change their behavior. ² Self-efficacy: ○ Very strong predictor of health- related behavior. The belief in one's ability to realize change or success. ² Situational Self-Efficacy: ○ The confidence to succeed with a specific task or goal. ² Collective Efficacy: ○ The belief that the group is capable of integrating skills and efforts to successfully complete the demands of a task. Enhanced by shared goals, communication, and prior successes. Belief in the ability of a group to achieve an outcome. ² Self-Consistency Theory: ○ People are chiefly motivated by a desire to maintain congruence or consistency among their cognitions. People seek cognitive balance and are motivated to act in a manner consistent with their self-image. ² Self-Verification Theory: ○ People seek information about themselves that confirms their existing self-concept (beliefs about self). ○ Seek verification by engaging in situations that confirm beliefs about self, and by persuading others on validity of their own views of self.