chapter 27 blood

Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank Chapter 27: Blood Patton: Anatomy and Physiology, 10th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is(are) involved in determining a person’s total blood volume? a. Age b. Body type c. Sex d. All o...

Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank Chapter 27: Blood Patton: Anatomy and Physiology, 10th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is(are) involved in determining a person’s total blood volume? a. Age b. Body type c. Sex d. All of the above ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 609 TOP: Blood Volume 2. Blood volume per kilogram of body weight varies inversely with: a. skeletal volume. b. body fat. c. water weight. d. height. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 609 TOP: Blood Volume 3. A hematocrit of 56% would be an indication of: a. leukocytosis. b. anemia. c. leukemia. NURSINGTB.COM d. polycythemia. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 610 TOP: Hematocrit 4. Which mature cell has no nucleus, mitochondria, or ribosomes? a. Erythrocyte b. Leukocyte c. Platelet d. Neutrophil ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 5. A normal adult red blood cell count ranges from _ million/cubic mm. a. 4.2 to 6.2 b. 5.5 to 6.5 c. 6.5 to 7.5 d. 7.5 to 8.5 ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 6. Which of the following cell types can carry oxygen? a. Leukocyte NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank b. Thrombocyte c. Platelet d. Erythrocyte ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Function of Red Blood Cells 7. A hematocrit of 40% means that in every 100 ml of whole blood, there are: a. 40 red blood cells and the remainder is fluid plasma. b. 40 ml of fluid plasma and 60 ml of red blood cells. c. 40 ml of red blood cells and 60 ml of fluid plasma. d. 2 liters (40% of 5 liters total) of fluid plasma. ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 610 TOP: Hematocrit 8. Under the microscope, erythrocytes appear as: a. biconcave disks without nuclei. b. circular disks with centrally located nuclei. c. circular disks with several nuclei. d. oval disks with multilobed nuclei. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 9. Erythropoiesis is the formation of: a. platelets. b. red blood cells. c. white blood cells. d. all of the above. NURSINGTB.COM ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 10. Many types of blood cells are produced in the: a. liver. b. red bone marrow. c. spleen. d. pancreas. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 11. In the formation of blood cells, the megakaryoblast ultimately develops into: a. lymphocytes. b. platelets. c. monocytes. d. both A and B. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 620 TOP: Formation and Life Span of Platelets 12. Erythropoietin is a hormone: a. released by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell formation. NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank b. released by the liver to stimulate red blood cell formation. c. released by the kidney to stimulate red and white blood cell formation. d. that causes the recycling of iron for production of red blood cells. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 13. Which of the following is not a leukocyte? a. Basophil b. Reticulocyte c. Neutrophil d. Monocyte ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) 14. Carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate ions because of a chemical reaction catabolized by the enzyme: a. albumin. b. fibrinogen. c. carbonic anhydrase. d. globulin. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Function of Red Blood Cells 15. All blood cells are derived from: a. reticulocytes. b. proerythroblasts. NURSINGTB.COM c. basophilic erythroblasts. d. hemocytoblasts. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 16. Heme is broken down into what pigment, which is excreted in bile? a. Amino acids b. Iron c. Bilirubin d. Melanin ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Life Cycle of Red Blood Cells 17. Which of the following cell types are classified as agranulocytes? a. Neutrophils and monocytes b. Basophils and lymphocytes c. Neutrophils and basophils d. Lymphocytes and monocytes ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank 18. Which types of white blood cells are thought to play a role in the prevention of clotting? a. Eosinophils b. Monocytes c. Basophils d. Neutrophils ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 619 TOP: Granulocytes 19. Which of the following is an example of a leukocyte? a. Monocyte b. Thrombocyte c. Platelet d. Erythrocyte ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) 20. Which types of white blood cells play a major role in immunity to infectious diseases? a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Lymphocytes d. Basophils ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 619 TOP: Agranulocytes 21. Which of the following are the most proficient at phagocytosis in the tissues? a. Neutrophils and basophilsNURSINGTB.COM b. Lymphocytes and eosinophils c. Basophils and monocytes d. Neutrophils and monocytes ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: pp. 618-619 TOP: Granulocytes, Agranulocytes 22. Thrombocytes are involved with: a. blood clotting. b. body defense. c. transport of glucose. d. transport of oxygen. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 620 TOP: Platelets 23. Which of the following Rh factor combinations could cause agglutination of an infant’s red blood cells? a. Mother–, father+, infant+ b. Mother–, father–, infant– c. Mother+, father–, infant+ d. Mother+, father+, infant– ANS: A DIF: Application REF: p. 617 TOP: The Rh System NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank 24. People with type AB blood are considered universal recipients because their blood: a. does not contain the Rh antigen. b. does not contain either anti-A or anti-B antibodies. c. is absent of both antigen A and antigen B in the red blood cells. d. Both B and C are correct. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 615 TOP: The ABO System 25. Which type of protein constitutes more than half of the total proteins in blood plasma? a. Globulin b. Fibrinogen c. Albumin d. Heme ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Blood Plasma 26. Which factor in the clotting process is the antihemophiliac factor? a. IV b. VIII c. IX d. X ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 623 TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 27. Which factor in the clotting pNroUcR sI esS thG isN eTCB hr. isC tmOaM s factor? a. IV b. VIII c. IX d. X ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 623 TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 28. Calcium is used in the clotting process during: a. stage I. b. stage II. c. stages I and II. d. neither stage I nor stage II. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 622 TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 29. In stage II of clot formation, prothrombin is converted to: a. fibrin. b. fibrinogen. c. thrombin. d. thromboplastin. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 624 NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 30. In the formation of a clot, the insoluble network of fine threads in which the cellular elements of blood are trapped is called: a. fibrinogen. b. fibrin. c. thrombin. d. thromboplastin. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 624 TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 31. Which of the following is an anticoagulant? a. Calcium ions b. Vitamin K c. Thromboplastin d. Heparin ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 624 TOP: Conditions That Oppose Clotting 32. Which of the following statements is not true of plasma? a. It is about 90% water. b. It contains both electrolytes and nonelectrolytes. c. It contains both colloids and crystalloids. d. All of the above statements are true of plasma. ANS: D DIF: B.C M Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Blood Plasma NURSINGT O 33. Which plasma protein plays an important role in blood clotting? a. Fibrinogen b. Albumin c. Globulin d. Plasminogen ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Blood Plasma 34. The major ingredient in hemoglobin that allows oxygen to be transported is: a. sodium. b. zinc. c. iron. d. copper. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Hemoglobin 35. Which plasma protein plays an important role in the immune system? a. Fibrinogen b. Albumin c. Globulin d. Plasminogen NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Blood Plasma 36. Which of the following formed elements assist in coagulation? a. Leukocytes b. Erythrocytes c. Thrombocytes d. Monocytes ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 620 TOP: Platelets 37. Which of the following are not found in the buffy coat? a. Erythrocytes b. Leukocytes c. Thrombocytes d. All of the above are found in the buffy coat. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Hematocrit 38. A person with only antibody B in his or her plasma would have which blood type? a. A b. B c. AB d. O ANS: A DIF: MNURriza emo SI NGTB.COM tion REF: p. 615 TOP: The ABO System 39. Which of the following does not hasten clotting? a. Rough spot in the endothelium b. Abnormally slow blood flow c. Heparin d. All of the above hasten clotting. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 625 TOP: Conditions That Hasten Clotting 40. The function of blood is to: a. carry food to the cells. b. remove waste from the cells. c. assist the body in temperature regulation. d. do all of the above. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 607 TOP: Blood Composition 41. A hematocrit value of 38 ml/100 ml of blood would be: a. the average for a man. b. in the low normal range for a woman. c. in the high normal range for a woman. NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank d. in the low normal range for a man. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Hematocrit 42. When whole blood is spun down in a centrifuge, the buffy coat can be found: a. between the plasma and red blood cells. b. at the very top of the test tube. c. at the very bottom of the test tube. d. in the plasma below the water but above the soluble proteins. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Hematocrit 43. One hemoglobin molecule contains: a. one molecule of heme. b. one molecule of globin. c. four iron atoms. d. all of the above. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Hemoglobin 44. What part of the hemoglobin molecule combines with carbon dioxide? a. Globin b. Heme c. Iron atoms d. Hemoglobin does not combine with carbon dioxide. NURSINGTB.COM ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 610 TOP: Hemoglobin 45. Which are the only cells in the differentiation process of red blood cells that can be found circulating in the blood? a. Proerythrocytes b. Reticulocytes c. Basophilic erythrocytes d. Polychromic erythrocytes ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 46. Which is not an end product of the breakdown of hemoglobin? a. Amino acids b. Bilirubin c. Free oxygen d. Iron ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Life Cycle of Red Blood Cells 47. Which of the following substances is not secreted by platelets? a. ATP NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank b. Thromboxane c. Arachidonic acid d. All of the above are secreted by platelets. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 620 TOP: Platelets 48. Whole blood constitutes about what percent of total body weight? a. 0.8% b. 5.3% c. 8% d. Between 12% and 15%, depending on body type ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 607 TOP: Blood Composition 49. Which characteristic of blood makes it especially effective in temperature regulation? a. Low specific heat capacity b. High specific heat capacity c. High evaporative potential d. Both A and C ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 607 TOP: Blood Composition 50. If you give a “unit” of blood in a blood drive and you are an average-sized adult, you have given about what percent of your blood? a. 1% b. 5% NURSINGTB.COM c. 10% d. 15% ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 609 TOP: Blood Volume 51. The approximate blood volume in a human can be determined by using: a. the direct method. b. the indirect method. c. a radioisotope. d. both B and C. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 609 TOP: Blood Volume 52. Which is not a formed element of the blood? a. Albumin b. Platelet c. Erythrocyte d. Neither A nor B are formed elements of the blood. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Formed Elements of Blood NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank 53. The presence of spectrin in the red blood cell makes it: a. better able to carry oxygen. b. more flexible. c. better able to carry carbon dioxide. d. able to produce hemoglobin. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 54. The sequence of developmental steps in the formation of red blood cells beginning with hematopoietic stem cells is: a. proerythroblasts, polychromic erythroblasts, basophilic erythroblasts, and reticulocytes. b. proerythroblasts, reticulocytes, polychromic erythrocytes, and basophilic erythrocytes. c. proerythroblasts, basophilic erythroblasts, polychromic erythroblasts, and reticulocytes. d. polychromic erythroblasts, basophilic erythroblasts, proerythroblasts, and reticulocytes. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 55. Which of the following is not an agranulocyte? a. Monocyte b. Lymphocyte c. Eosinophil d. All of the above are agranNuU loR cySteIsN. GTB.COM ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: Agranulocytes 56. Which of the following is not true of white blood cells? a. More brightly colored than red blood cells b. Larger than red blood cells c. Contain a nucleus d. All of the above are true of white blood cells. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) 57. Some white blood cells are capable of diapedesis, which means they can: a. “eat” bacteria or damaged cells. b. migrate out of blood vessels into tissue spaces. c. engage in protein synthesis because they have a nucleus. d. change from one type of white blood cell to another. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: Granulocytes 58. Which white blood cell helps protect against parasitic worms? a. Eosinophil NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank b. Neutrophil c. Basophil d. Monocyte ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: p. 618 TOP: Eosinophils 59. The most mature developing red blood cell that still contains a nucleus is a: a. reticulocyte. b. polychromic erythroblast. c. basophilic erythroblast. d. proerythroblast. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 613 TOP: Formation of Red Blood Cells 60. Which white blood cell contains granules filled with histamine? a. Eosinophil b. Neutrophil c. Basophil d. Monocyte ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 619 TOP: Basophils 61. A person with neither A, nor B antibodies in the blood plasma would have which blood type? a. A b. B c. AB NURSINGTB.COM d. O ANS: C DIF: Application REF: p. 615 TOP: The ABO System 62. A person with neither A, nor B antigens on the red blood cell would have which blood type? a. A b. B c. AB d. O ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 615 TOP: The ABO System 63. A person with an antigen on the red blood cell and a different antibody in the plasma might have which of the following blood type? a. A b. AB c. O d. Both A and C ANS: A DIF: Application REF: p. 615 TOP: The ABO System 64. What substance involved in the process of blood clot formation is not made by the liver? a. Fibrinogen b. Prothrombin NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank c. Vitamin K d. All of the above are made by the liver. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: p. 624 TOP: Blood Clotting (Coagulation) 65. What substance does not assist in the formation of a blood clot? a. Fibrinogen b. Plasmin c. Vitamin K d. All of the above assist in the formation of a blood clot. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: p. 625 TOP: Clot Dissolution 66. A woman could have Rh antibodies in her blood if: a. Rh+ blood was given in a transfusion. b. an Rh+ fetus was developing within. c. RhoGAM was given. d. both A and B occurred. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 617 TOP: The Rh System 67. Which of the following statements is not true of hemoglobin? a. Each red blood cell has between 200 million and 300 million molecules of hemoglobin. b. The hemoglobin in a red blood cell makes up about 70% of the cell’s dry weight. c. It has four globin and four heme chains in each molecule. N R Ie G d. All of the above statementsUareStruN B.Clobin. ofThemogO M ANS: B DIF: Application REF: p. 611 TOP: Hemoglobin 68. Which of the following statements is not true of platelets? a. They develop from megakaryoblasts. b. They release substances that cause vasoconstriction. c. They have a life span of about 7 days. d. All of the above statements are true of platelets. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 620 TOP: Platelets 69. After Martha’s baby was born, why did the physician apply a gauze dressing for a short time on the umbilical cord and give the baby a dose of vitamin K? a. Newborns do not have any platelets for the first 3 months and will bleed freely unless actions are taken to prevent bleeding. b. Newborns often show elevated platelet counts at birth, and both of the actions taken by the physician will help the umbilical cord stop bleeding. c. The physician knew that the baby would need vitamin K to replace the red blood cells lost during delivery. d. Newborns often have a reduced number of platelets, which are needed to clot blood, and both of the actions taken by the physician will help the umbilical cord stop bleeding. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: p. 625 NURSINGTB.COM  Anatomy and Physiology 10th Edition Patton Test Bank TOP: Clinical Methods of Hastening Clotting (Box 27-3) 70. How does the body benefit from the breakdown of aged or damaged red blood cells? a. The by-products of bilirubin are excreted into the intestine and decrease the digestive process. b. Globin is released as vitamin K and can be used for clotting. c. The breakdown increases erythropoiesis, which results in an increase in red blood cells. d. Globin is converted to amino acids and used as an energy source or for protein building. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: pp. 613-614 TOP: Life Cycle of Red Blood Cells 71. Which kind of connective tissue makes blood cells for the body? a. Myeloid b. Lymphoid c. Reticular d. Both A and B ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: p. 608 TOP: Hematopoiesis TRUE/FALSE 1. Another term for plasma is interstitial fluid. ANS: F DIF: MNUoRriS em zaI nGTB.COM tioN REF: p. 607 TOP: Blood Composition 2. Direct measurements of total blood volume involve the “tagging” of red blood cells or plasma components with radioisotopes. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: p. 609 TOP: Blood Volume 3. The less fat in the body, the more blood there is per unit of body weight. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: pp. 609-610 TOP: Blood Volume 4. In men red blood cell counts average about 4,800,000 per cubic millimeter of blood. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 5. The survival of red blood cells depends on their ability to change their shape. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: p. 611 TOP: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 6. Blood constitutes about 4% of total body weight. NURSINGTB.COM