Anatomy & Physiology Blood Properties Study Guide - PDF

2/10/2025 Anatomy & Physiology Blood Properties Study Guide- Quiz will be 2/11/2025 Know the following: 1)​ What are all the functions of blood? 1.​ Transports oxygen,waste, and hormones 2.​ Regulates body temperature,pH and Fluid volume 3.​ Prevents Infect...

2/10/2025 Anatomy & Physiology Blood Properties Study Guide- Quiz will be 2/11/2025 Know the following: 1)​ What are all the functions of blood? 1.​ Transports oxygen,waste, and hormones 2.​ Regulates body temperature,pH and Fluid volume 3.​ Prevents Infection and blood loss 2)​ What are the “formed elements” found in the blood? Red blood cells- erythrocytes White blood cells and platelets- leukocytes plasma 3)​ Know the composition of whole blood (i.e. what % do each component account for). 55%-Plasma 1%-White blood cells and platelets 44% red blood cells 4)​ How does the physical structure of erythrocytes enable its function? The structure of erythrocytes allow for greater surface area, round so it can pass smoothly and not having any nucleus and few organelles, so it doesn’t use up lots of oxygen while transporting 5)​ What are the characteristics of a hemoglobin protein? a)​ How many globin chains? b)​ How many oxygen molecules can it hold? c)​ What atom does it hold? (hint: heme) ​ a)​ 4 goblin chains b)​ 4 O2 molecules c)​ Iron 6)​ Know the characteristics of erythrocytes vs. leukocytes. 7)​ What are the jobs/ classifications of the following leukocytes a)​ Neutrophils - Engulf and destroy foreign bacteria - most common leukocyte and more are produced during an infection b)​ Eosinophils - Two-lobed nuclei - kill parasitic worms ingested in food - lessen allergic reactions c)​ Basophils - release histamines,which dilate blood vessels so other leukocytes can rush to an infection or allergic d)​ Lymphocytes - large,spherical nucleus -although there are many lymphocytes in the body, there are mostly found in lymph nodes, rather than blood stream e)​ Monocytes ​ ​ - nucleus is kidney shaped -When they leave the blood and enter tissue they become macrophages, which attack and engulf viruses and bacterial infections 8)​ What is hematopoiesis? a)​ Where does it take place? b)​ What stem cell does it all start with? c)​ How is the process stimulated? ​ a)​ It takes place in the bone marrow of grown adults b)​ Hemocytoblast c)​ hormones 9)​ What is hemostasis? a)​ What are the steps of hemostasis? b)​ What are the chemical and physical properties of hemostasis? ​ A)​ 1- the blood vessel contracts causing reduced blood loss at the wound 2- platelets are chemically attracted to the wounded epithelium and stick together 3- injured tissue releases tissue factor that interacts with platelets causing the production of thrombin B)​ Chemical- platelets being attracted to epithelium and injured tissue releasing thrombin Physical- blood vessel contraction 10)​What is a dislodged thrombus known as? embolus