Nutritional Habits Related to Disease States PDF

**Chapter 11** **The following is a brief list of nutritional habits related to a particular disease state.** **[Heart Disease]**: High-fat diet, particularly in saturated/*trans* fatty acids. A high-protein diet that is especially high in fatty meats such as steaks that are marbled with fat, maki...

**Chapter 11** **The following is a brief list of nutritional habits related to a particular disease state.** **[Heart Disease]**: High-fat diet, particularly in saturated/*trans* fatty acids. A high-protein diet that is especially high in fatty meats such as steaks that are marbled with fat, making them very tender, can also be associated with heart disease. Excessive calories lead to obesity; however, not all individuals with heart disease are obese. Some individuals can be very thin but inherit a genetic component plus eat a high-fat diet and fail to exercise. Often individuals who are at risk for heart disease eat diets that are low in fruits and vegetables and prefer refined carbohydrate foods. These, of course, are generalizations; there are many ranges of individuals and genetics does play a role. **[Cancers]:** Diets that are high in red/processed meats or rich in smoked or charbroiled foods are a factor here. High body fat (obesity) and low fruit/vegetable intakes are also associated with cancer risk. Genetics and environment do play a factor. **[Strokes]:** Risks here are similar to those of heart disease. Dietary risks for stroke include those that damage the vascular system, such as the buildup of plaque from a high-fat diet, especially saturated/*trans* fats, lack of exercise, and diets low in fibre, fruits, and vegetables. **[Chronic Lung Disease]**: Smoking is the major factor here. However, poor diets that result in poor immune function compromise healthy lung function. Diets providing significant amounts of dairy products can be problematic to those with compromised lung function. Individuals who smoke do lose some of their ability to enjoy the robust flavours of a variety of foods and may select a diet with less variety and of poorer nutritional quality. These factors further compromise individuals and their health status. **[Accidents]:** While this is not a chronic disease, accidents can be a result of poor nutrition because when individuals do not eat properly or if they are replacing food with alcohol, accidents can occur. Many accidents do result from alcohol or drug abuse or from not paying attention to what one is doing. Malnutrition can hinder one's ability to pay appropriate attention to the task at hand. **[Diabetes Mellitus]:** As noted in other chapters, the majority of diabetes in Canada is type 2 diabetes, which is the result of the increasing prevalence of obesity. The overnutrition or poor nutrition of obesity can certainly be redirected to a healthier lifestyle to slow down the progression of this disease in this country. Designing an Anti-Inflammatory Diet **What Is Inflammation?** - Inflammation is the body's natural response against injury. - When there is an injury to the tissues, the body responds with an acute inflammation response in which: - Inflammation produces pain, redness, heat, and swelling in an area where injury has occurred. **Why Is Inflammation a Problem?** - Acute inflammation is a short term, protective response that is not bad for\ the body. - Chronic inflammation is a low-level inflammation that persists and is not often felt by the person. It may occur deep in the body's tissues or blood vessels. - Chronic inflammation has been associated with some cancers, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, asthma, high blood pressure, and diabetes. - Chronic inflammation may cause plaque in the arteries to dislodge, travel through the blood, and cause blockage of blood flow in the heart or brain. **How Can Diet or Lifestyle Affect the Occurrence of Chronic Inflammation?**