Nutritional Habits and Disease
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Questions and Answers

What are the three main responses of the body's inflammation response?

  • Blood vessels dilate, fluid leaks out of the blood vessels, hormones, proteins, and white blood cells get into the area
  • Pain, redness, heat, and swelling occur in the injured tissue
  • The body fights bacteria or substances and heals the tissue
  • all of the above (correct)

    • What is the major factor contributing to chronic lung disease?

  • Lack of exercise
  • Genetics
  • Poor diet
  • Smoking (correct)

    • What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

  • Acute inflammation is in the short term and chronic inflammation is long term
  • Acute inflammation is protective and chronic inflammation does not often feel like a problem
  • Chronic inflammation has been associated with cancers
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What are 3 factors that can increase the occurrence of chronic inflammation?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are vitamins A, C, & E protective to prevent chronic inflammation?

    <p>They provide antioxidants which neutralize free radicals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to reduce the levels of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Both A &amp; C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following increases the level of inflammatory compounds in the blood and blood vessels? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Saturated fat (A), Visceral fat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    High-fat diet (heart disease)

    A diet high in saturated and trans fats.

    High-protein diet (heart disease)

    A diet that is high in fatty meats like steak.

    Obesity (heart disease)

    Excessive body fat.

    Low fruit/veggie intake (chronic diseases)

    Diets lacking in fruits and vegetables.

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    Red/processed meats (cancer)

    Diets high in red meat and processed meats.

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    Smoked/charbroiled foods (cancer)

    Diets with smoked or charbroiled foods.

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    High body fat (cancer)

    Too much body fat.

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    High-fat diet (stroke)

    A diet high in saturated and trans fats leading to plaque build-up.

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    Low fiber diet (stroke)

    A diet deficient in fiber.

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    Smoking (chronic lung disease)

    The primary risk factor for chronic lung disease.

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    Poor diet (chronic lung disease)

    A diet that compromises the immune system.

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    High dairy intake (chronic lung disease)

    Too much dairy in the diet.

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    Poor nutrition (accidents)

    Failing to eat properly or replacing food with alcohol.

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    Malnutrition (accidents)

    Significant lack of proper nutrients.

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    Type 2 diabetes (Canada)

    Most common type of diabetes in Canada, linked to obesity.

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    Inflammation

    Body's response to injury, can be acute or chronic.

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    Acute inflammation

    Short-term, protective inflammation.

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    Chronic inflammation

    Long-lasting, low-level inflammation.

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    Inflammation and disease

    Chronic inflammation can cause heart disease, cancer, and more.

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    Diet and lifestyle (inflammation)

    Diet and lifestyle choices can affect chronic inflammation.

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    Study Notes

    • Heart Disease: High-fat diets, especially those high in saturated/trans fats, and high-protein diets (especially fatty meats) are linked to heart disease. Obesity is sometimes a factor, but not always. Some individuals with heart disease are thin but have genetic predisposition and inadequate exercise. They often consume diets low in fruits and vegetables, and high in refined carbohydrates.

    • Cancers: High consumption of red/processed meats, smoked/charbroiled foods, high body fat (obesity), and low fruit/vegetable intake are risk factors. Genetics and environment also play a role.

    • Strokes: Risks are similar to those of heart disease, including high-fat diets (saturated/trans fats), lack of exercise, and low intake of fiber, fruits, and vegetables. These negatively affect the vascular system, contributing to plaque buildup.

    • Chronic Lung Disease: Smoking is the primary risk factor. Poor diets that weaken the immune system also compromise lung function. High dairy intake may be problematic for some individuals with compromised lung function. A lack of variety and poor nutritional quality in a diet can exacerbate the condition.

    • Accidents/Injuries: Poor nutrition (inadequate calorie intake, malnutrition, and unhealthy diets) can negatively affect the body's ability to function and lead to accidents. Alcohol or drug abuse or failure to stay focused can create adverse outcomes.

    • Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2): Obesity, characterized by overnutrition or poor dietary choices, is a major contributor to Type 2 diabetes in Canada. Dietary changes can potentially slow the progression of Type 2 diabetes.

    Anti-Inflammatory Diet

    • Inflammation: The body's natural response to injury, involving blood vessel dilation, fluid leakage, and white blood cell activity. Chronic inflammation is a persistent low-level form and can lead to cardiovascular disease, cancers, diabetes, arthritis, and other health issues.

    • Dietary Factors Affecting Inflammation: Consuming vitamins A (beta-carotene), C, and E (antioxidants) can reduce inflammation in blood vessels. Omega-3 fatty acids (linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA) have anti-inflammatory properties found in cold-water fish, flaxseed, nuts, seeds, and leafy greens. Reducing omega-6 fatty acids, found in processed foods, promotes a healthier balance. Saturated fats may also contribute to inflammation by conflicting with omega-3s.

    • Weight Management and Inflammation: Visceral fat (fat around the abdomen) may contribute to inflammatory compounds in the blood, so weight loss, especially around the abdomen, may mitigate inflammatory complications.

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    Nutritional Habits Related to Disease States PDF

    Description

    Explore the connections between nutritional choices and various diseases such as heart disease, cancers, strokes, and chronic lung disease. This quiz delves into risk factors linked to dietary habits and their impact on health outcomes. Test your knowledge on how nutrition influences disease risk.

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