Chapter 1 - Introduction.pptx

Introduction To Information Technology Data vs Information What is Data? Data is raw, unorganized facts that needs to be processed. Data can be something simple and useless until its organized. What is Information? When data is processed, organized, structure or presented in a given c...

Introduction To Information Technology Data vs Information What is Data? Data is raw, unorganized facts that needs to be processed. Data can be something simple and useless until its organized. What is Information? When data is processed, organized, structure or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information (Processing) (Data) (Information) What Counts as information Law Home s Video 911 Business Call Transactions Religious Product Financial Text Order Data Nam Son Personal e gs Letter Drawin Weather Birth g Conditions Records Ne Social Credit ws Calendar Rating Vital Statistics Methods for Conveying Information Image Text Sound Numbers Defining Information Technology Information Technologies are systems of hardware and/or software that capture, process, exchange, store and/or present information using electrical, magnetic and/or electromagnetic energy.  IT Example: Cellular Telephony Telephone System Cell Net Cell Net Cell Phone Cell Phone Base Station Antenna Antenna Capture: A cell phone captures the sound of a human voice and converts it into electrical signals. Process: Network equipment determines where to route the call. Exchange: A network routes the call from origination to destination. Store: A voice mail system stores information for later use. Present: A cell phone translates information from electrical signals to sound waves the recipient can understand.  IT Example: Wireless Internet HTML Documents Web Browser Text Image Internet Number Sound Laptop Wireless Access Point Web Server Capture: A Web designer captures multimedia information in HTML format. Process: A Web server processes information like reservations or transactions. Exchange: Information is exchanged from the Web server over the Internet to a wireless access point and to a Wi-Fi enabled laptop. Store: The Web server stores information content. IT in Society (People) Personal Communication Conversations (phone, cell) Messaging (E-mail, SMS) Video Coms Entertainment Web surfing Downloading video and audio files Interactive gaming Day-to-Day living Buying airline ticket Ordering books Electronic banking/ stock market IT in Society (Business) Internal Communication Computer network Corporate website Video teleconferencing Messaging (SMS, email) Electronic Commerce Call Centers Electronic transactions Online sales Business operations Factory operation systems Databases Career Opportunities in Information Technology There are four main categories of IT jobs, grouped by the main focus of the job: Sales and support Software development Application development Hardware design Career Opportunities in Information Technology Sales and Support Careers Technical servicing is the installation and maintenance of hardware and software. A technician hooks up network wires, installs basic system software, and administers repairs. Technical support involves responding to phone and e-mail requests for assistance from customers. Technical support specialists sometimes have to go to customer sites to troubleshoot systems. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Sales and Support Careers Technical sales involves educating potential customers about the company’s products so that they want to buy them. Technical salespeople are often the highest paid of all those working in the technical area of IT. Technical training involves teaching individuals how to use systems. Technical trainers are always in demand. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Software Development Careers Software development is the creation of new software products for commercial sale. Systems programming is highly specialized and involves writing instructions in C++, JavaScript, or other languages to accomplish a succession of tasks. A systems programmer specializes in the development of system software. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Software Development Careers The skills needed for Application Programming are similar to those required for systems programming. An application programmer works with application software rather than systems software. The use of computers to create images, sounds, and movies is called Multimedia Development. Multimedia developers include graphic artists, digital sound editors, and animation specialists. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Software Development Careers Quality assurance (QA) is the testing of new products before they are released to the public. QA testers often double as technical trainers, technical writers, or customer support specialists. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Application Development Careers Application Development uses commercial software to develop a system for a specific organization. Systems Analysis involves gathering the requirements and developing a design for systems. An individual who performs these tasks is called a Systems Analyst. Database Administration is particularly important because the database is at the core of a company’s information systems. A Database Administrator is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the database. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Application Development Careers Network Administration involves the operations and maintenance of a company network. A Network Administrator performs these tasks. Web Administration includes keeping a Web site working and up-to-date. A Web Administrator, or Web Master, has the job of developing and maintaining a Web site with multiple pages. Career Opportunities in Information Technology Hardware Design Careers Hardware Design is the specification of computer hardware such as CPUs, video cards, and memory chips. Many hardware designers are electrical engineers, and many are computer engineers. Computer engineering is a hybrid training that includes both electrical engineering and computer science. Examples on IT Careers Information Security Jobs Address information security IT Analyst Translate business requirement into technical specification Network Administration Configure and operate computer network Management Consulting Provide consulting for government and organizations Examples on IT Careers Database Administration Managing corporate database Computer Forensics Expert Extracts computer evidence for detecting/preventing /prosecuting crimes IT Sales People on frontline to sell products Computer Programmer Writes code for computer software