Chapter-1-HIRENG-303-handout.pdf

Transportation & Highway Development Planning Chapter 1  1. Importance of transportation 2. Different modes of transportation Topics 3. Characteristics of road transportation 4. Scope of highway and traffic engineering I...

Transportation & Highway Development Planning Chapter 1  1. Importance of transportation 2. Different modes of transportation Topics 3. Characteristics of road transportation 4. Scope of highway and traffic engineering Importance of Transportation Transportation --- the movement of goods and persons from place to place and the various means by which such movement is accomplished. ✓ Highway development and planning involves estimating current and future traffic volumes on a road network. Importance of Transportation Transportation ensures time and place utility. It results in the movement of goods from one place to another thus making the product available through the customers at the right time. 5 Different Modes of Transportation Different Modes of Transportation 1.Roadways 2. Railways Roadways Road transport can be classified as transporting either goods or materials or transporting people. The passenger and the goods must be transported by road before reaching a railway station, port, or airport. Characteristics of Road Transport 1. Roads are used by various types of road vehicles 2. Road transport requires a relatively small investment 3. Road transport completely offer a freedom to road users to transfer the vehicles (lane to lane, road to road) 4. Road transport saves time for short distance travel Advantages of Road Transport Less capital Door to door service Service in rural areas Flexible service Suitable for short distances Lesser risk of damage in transit Saving in packing cost Rapid speed Less cost Private owned vehicles Feeder to other modes of transport Disadvantages of Road Transport 1. Seasonal nature 2. Accidents and breakdowns 3. Unsuitable for long distance and bulky traffic 4. Slow speed 5. Lack of organization 9/3/20XX Presentation Title 11 Railways Rail transport has emerged as one of the most dependable modes of transport in terms of safety. Advantages of Rail Transport 1. Trains are fast and the least affected by weather turbulences (rain or fog) 2. Better organized than any other medium of transport (it has fixed routes and schedules) 3. It can travel over long distances (cross-country and continents) Disadvantage of Rail Transport Heavy cost (high cost of construction, maintenance and overhead expenses) Scope of Highway and Traffic Engineering Scope of Highway Engineering 1. Planning and feasibility studies 2. Design 3. Traffic engineering 4. Pavement design 5. Structural engineering 6. Environmental considerations 7. Materials testing and quality control 8. Construction management 9. Maintenance and rehabilitation 10.Transportation planning 11.Traffic safety and management 12.Research and innovation 1. Planning and Feasibility Studies ✓Assess the need for new roads or the expansion of existing ones ✓Conduct feasibility studies to evaluate factors such as traffic demand, environmental impact, and cost-benefit analysis 2. Design ✓Designing the layout of highways, including determining the alignment, cross-section, and geometric design ✓Ensuring that roads are safe, efficient, and environmentally sustainable 3. Traffic Engineering ✓Study of traffic flow, congestion management, and the design of traffic control devices such as signals, signs, and markings ✓Optimize traffic operations and safety 4. Pavement Design ✓designing road surfaces that can withstand the expected traffic loads and environmental conditions ✓select appropriate materials and construction techniques to ensure long-lasting, durable pavements 5. Structural Engineering ✓design and oversee the construction of various structures associated with roads, such as bridges, tunnels, retaining walls, and drainage systems ✓structures are essential for safe and efficient transportation 6. Environmental Considerations ✓adhere to environmental regulations and minimize their impact on the natural surroundings ✓environmental impact assessments, mitigation measures, and sustainable design practices 7. Materials Testing and Quality Control ✓Ensuring the quality of construction materials and workmanship is crucial to the longevity and safety of highways ✓material selection, testing, and quality control during construction 8. Construction Management ✓supervise construction projects to ensure that they adhere to design specifications, safety standards, and schedules ✓manage project budgets and resources 9. Maintenance and Rehabilitation ✓require ongoing maintenance and periodic rehabilitation to extend their lifespan and ensure safety 10. Transportation Planning ✓collaborate with urban and regional planners to develop integrated transportation systems ✓considerations for public transit, bike lanes, pedestrian facilities, and other modes of transportation 11. Traffic Safety and Management ✓improve road safety through measures such as crash analysis, signage, lighting, and the design of safe intersections and interchanges 12. Research and Innovation ✓engage in research to develop new technologies, materials, and construction methods to improve the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of transportation systems Scope of Traffic Engineering 1. Traffic flow analysis 2. Traffic control devices 3. Intersection design 4. Traffic signals and timing 5. Traffic calming 6. Parking management 7. Transportation planning 8. Public transportation 9. Traffic safety 10.Intelligent transportation system (ITS) 11.Pedestrian and bicycle facilities 12.Environmental considerations 13.Research and innovation 1. Traffic Flow Analysis ✓Flow of vehicles on roadways to understand how congestion occurs, identify bottlenecks, and optimize traffic flow ✓Analyzing traffic data, vehicle behavior, and traffic patterns 2. Traffic Control Devices ✓Design, install, and maintain traffic control devices susch as traffic signals, stop signs, yield signs, pedestrian crossings, and speed limit signs to regulate traffic and enhance safety 3. Intersection Design ✓Minimize conflicts between vehicles and pedestrian crossings while maximizing the capacity and flow of traffic 4. Traffic Signals and Timing ✓Develop signal timing plans to optimize the operations of traffic signals at intersections ✓Use data analysis and modeling to determine the most efficient signal timings to reduce congestions and delay 5. Traffic Calming ✓Implement measures to slow down vehicle speeds in residential areas and near schools to enhance pedestrian safety ✓Techniques such as speed humps, chicanes, and roundaouts 6. Parking Management ✓Plan and design parking facilities and develop strategies for efficient parking management in urban areas ✓Considerations for on-street and off-street parking, as well as pricing and enforcement policies 7. Transportation Planning ✓Long-term transportation planning by forecasting future traffic demand, analyzing transportation networks, and helping to develop comprehensive transportation plans that address current and future needs 8. Public Transportation ✓Planning and design of public transit systems, including bus rapid transit and light rail systems, to provide efficient alternatives to private vehicle use. 9. Traffic Safety ✓Analyze crash data, identify hazardous locations, and recommend safety improvements such as road design changes, signage, and education campaigns 10. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) ✓Implement and manage ITS technologies, including real-time traffic monitoring, adaptive traffic signal systems, and digital communication systems to improve traffic management and traveler information 11. Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities ✓Design and improve pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, including sidewalks, crosswalks, bike lanes, and bike-sharing programs, to promote non-motorized transportations options 12. Environmental Considerations ✓Consider environmental factors when planning transportation projects, such as minimizing pollution and carbon emissions ad promoting sustainable transportation options 13. Research and Innovation ✓Involves research to develop innovative solutions, including the integration of autonomous vehicles, electric mobility, and data analytics into transportation systems  The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing. Walt Disney 9/3/20XX Presentation Title 41 Thank you