Systems Considerations in the Design of an HRIS Planning for Implementation PDF

THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURE (Middleware) ▪ Middleware Is A Software Which Manages Data & Transactions Prior To Being Saved To Database Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SA...

THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURE (Middleware) ▪ Middleware Is A Software Which Manages Data & Transactions Prior To Being Saved To Database Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 28  Drawbacks of Two-tier and Three-tier architectures Two drawbacks with two-tier and three-tier architectures: 1) There exists a large amount of network traffic or bandwidth required to execute database transactions between the client and the server. 2) The user interface clients needs to be installed (along with database drivers) on every PC that needs to access the HRIS. Therefore, HRIS access tended to be limited to employees within the “four walls” of the enterprise. Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 29  N-TIER ARCHITECTURE To solve the previous issues, a Web browser was adopted. The Web browsers created a thin client compared to the thick client of the two-tier architecture. A standard Web server manages HTML communication between the browser and the application server. Expandable To Multiple Web & Application Servers, That Can Be Geographically Dispersed, For Load Balancing & Worldwide Access Additional Print Servers & Process Schedulers 30  N-TIER ARCHITECTURE Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 31  HRIS ARCHITECTURE One-tier Architecture (Mainframe) All Software Functionality Accessed Via The Mainframe Two-tier Architecture (Client-server) Spread Of Low Powered Processing Power Through PCs & High Powered Processing Through Mainframe Separation Of Application Technology From Database Technology Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 32  HRIS ARCHITECTURE Three-tier Architecture (Middleware) Middleware Is A Software Which Manages Data & Transactions Prior To Being Saved To Database N-tier Architecture Expandable To Multiple Web & Application Servers, That Can Be Geographically Dispersed, For Load Balancing & Worldwide Access Additional Print Servers & Process Schedulers Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 33  CLOUD COMPUTING A computing architecture that uses the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications. “Server Cloud” Operated Off-site Underlying goals is to reduce resources needed by companies in maintaining and running databases and applications. Thus, to reduce Software And Equipment Capital Outlays. Three general service categories in cloud computing: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). 34 Delivery model of cloud computing 35  Security challenges Exposure of sensitive payroll and benefits data between employees Loss of sensitive personnel data outside the enterprise (such as Social Security numbers) Unauthorized updates of key data such as salary amounts, stock options (both quantity and dates), etc. Sharing of personnel or applicant review comments with unauthorized employees Sharing data with external organizations and service providers Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 36  BEST OF BREED Architecture That Combines Products From Multiple Vendors For this synergy to work properly, three conditions need to be present for each software solution: ❖ There should be a perceived need for a specialised software. For example: if a company receive 90% of job applications over the internet, then there is no need for Optical Character recognition (OCR) program for resume scanning. 37  BEST OF BREED ❖ A universally Agreed-on Guidelines for interoperability must exist between applications. Example: using XML language to move data efficiently among the different applications of HRIS, such as Resumix software for resume tracking, Oracle’s peopleSoft for HR applications management, Chronos software for time and labour tracking, ADP software for payroll processing. ❖ Applications need to speak the same language. For example, XML to describe data. Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 38  SECURITY Top Priority For Any HRIS Must Be Maintained On A Variety Of Levels (i. e., VPN, Firewall, Column-Level, Row-Level) Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 42  BEST OF BREED Figure 3.4 Services External Web ERP Legacy DBMS B2B Connector Adapter Adapter Adapter EAI - Message Oriented Middleware Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 43  PLANNING SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION: ROLES Project Manager Steering Committee/ Project Charter Implementation Team Project Scope Management Sponsorship Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 44  PLANNING SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION: KEY ACTIVITIES Management Change Sponsorship Management Process Mapping Go Live! Software Project Evaluation Implementation Potential Pitfalls Customization Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 45  PROJECT MANAGER OPTIONS Hire A Consultant To Be The Project Manager. Hire A Full-time Project Manager Who Has Presumably Been Certified By The Project Management Institute. Select Someone Who Is Involved In The Project And Temporarily Move Him Or Her Into A Project Management Role. Pros And Cons Of Each Option! Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 46  POTENTIAL PITFALLS Poor Planning Incomplete Steering Committee Or Steering Committee Without Top Management Support Implementation Team Problems Or Incomplete Implementation Team Failure To Assess The Politics Of The Organization Adequately Insufficient Process Mapping Scope Creep Poor Implementation Of Or Insufficient Change Management Michael J. Kavanagh, Mohan Thite, and Richard D. Johnson - Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions, 2e © 2012 SAGE Publications, Inc. 48