Ch.5 Anatomy Study The Muscular System PDF

introduction to muscular system Prepared By Prof. Amjad Al-Shatarat Dr.Ala’a Yousef Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Aqaba Medical sciences university 2024 1  Major concepts of m...

introduction to muscular system Prepared By Prof. Amjad Al-Shatarat Dr.Ala’a Yousef Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Aqaba Medical sciences university 2024 1  Major concepts of muscle’s actions 1- Each muscle has to be supplied by a nerve  Major concepts of muscle’s actions 2- For a muscle to produce a movement it has to cross over a joint  Major concepts of muscle’s actions 3- Muscles are attached to bones through points of attachments called origin and insertion 4- Usually the (insertion) moves towards the origin during contraction of the muscle 5- During contraction usually the muscle fibers shorten and this results in puling the insertion towards the origin over a joint Selected groups of the body’s muscles  Muscles of the facial expressions Selected muscles ORBICULARIS OCULI ORBICULARIS ORIS PLATYSMA Buccinator All muscles of the face are innervated by THE FACIAL NERVE (CRANIAL NERVE NUMBER 7)  MUSCLES OF THE EYE There are two groups of muscles within the orbit: 1-extrinsic muscles of eyeball (extra-ocular muscles) 2-intrinsic muscles within the eyeball, which control the shape of the lens and size of the pupil muscles that connect the arm to the body  Trapezius muscle Deltoid muscle Site for intermuscular injections Pectoralis major Flexes the shoulder joint Sternocleidomastoid flexes the cervical portion of the vertebral column and flexes the head. Muscles Of The Upper Limbs 1- Muscles of the arm 2- Muscles of the forearm The muscles of the arm are divided into two groups: A- Muscles located in front of the humerus bone (in the anterior compartment). FLEXORS COMPARTMENT 1-Biceps brachii 2-Brachialis BBC group 3-Coracobrachialis Brachialis is the main flexor of the elbow joint The BBC group is innervated by the Musculocutaneous nerve B-Muscles located behind the humerus (in the posterior compartment) EXTENSOR COMPARTMENT Only one muscle but it has three heads 1-Triceps brachii The main Extensor of the elbow joint The triceps is supplied by the radial nerve  Notice that the brachial artery lies immediately MEDIAL to The rounded tendon of the Biceps brachii Remember that you can feel the Pulse there Muscles of the forearm The muscles of the forearm are located in two groups A- muscles of anterior compartment of the forearm (Flexors) B- muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm (Extensors) Selected muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm 1-Flexor digitorum profundus This muscle is responsible for the Flexion of the distal phalanx of the medial four fingers Flexor digitorum profundus The flexor digitorum profundus is supplied by: 1-Median nerve 2-Ulnar nerve  2- Flexor Carpi Radialis This muscle flexes the wrist joint Is supplied by the median nerve THE RADIAL ARTERY Notice that lateral to its (flexor carpi radialis muscle) tendon passes THE RADIAL ARTERY Remember that you can feel the pulse of the radial artery there Selected muscles of the posterior compartment Extensor digitorum This muscle extends the fingers Is supplied by the radial nerve  Summary of the motor nerves of the upper limbs Muscles located in the anterior Muscles located in posterior compartment of the arm and compartment of the arm and forearm forearm You have three options: You have only one option: 1-Musclocutaneous The radial nerve 2-Median nerve or 3-Ulnar nerve its deep branch If the muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the arm then it has to be supplied by the Musculocutaneous nerve If the muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the forearm then it has to be supplied by the Median nerve except: the flexor carpi ulnaris and the lateral half of the flexor digitorum profundus, thye are supplied by the ulnar nerve muscles of the anterior wall of the abdomen Muscles of the Abdomenal wall Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis